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Muscle Injury
James F. Griffith, MD, MRCP, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Clinical Issues

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Synonyms

          • Muscle tear, muscle contusion, muscle hematoma, muscle strain, "pulled muscle," "tennis leg," delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle hernia
        • Definitions

          • Tear: Discontinuity of muscle fibers typically at myofascial or myotendinous junction
          • Contusion: Direct blunt compressive trauma to muscle without definable tear
          • Hernia: Focal protrusion of part of muscle through epimysium
          • DOMS: Overuse causing muscle edema without definable tear
            • Pain peaking 1-3 days after overuse

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • MR Findings

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • Imaging Recommendations

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                        • Microscopic Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Consider

                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Guermazi A et al: Imaging of muscle injuries in sports medicine: sports imaging series. Radiology. 282(3):646-663, 2017
                                      2. Patel A et al: British athletics muscle injury classification: a reliability study for a new grading system. Clin Radiol. 70(12):1414-20, 2015
                                      3. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW et al: Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 47(6):342-50, 2013
                                      4. Peetrons P: Ultrasound of muscles. Eur Radiol. 12(1):35-43, 2002
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Clinical Issues

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Synonyms

                                              • Muscle tear, muscle contusion, muscle hematoma, muscle strain, "pulled muscle," "tennis leg," delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle hernia
                                            • Definitions

                                              • Tear: Discontinuity of muscle fibers typically at myofascial or myotendinous junction
                                              • Contusion: Direct blunt compressive trauma to muscle without definable tear
                                              • Hernia: Focal protrusion of part of muscle through epimysium
                                              • DOMS: Overuse causing muscle edema without definable tear
                                                • Pain peaking 1-3 days after overuse

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • MR Findings

                                                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                              • Presentation

                                                                • Demographics

                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                      • Consider

                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Guermazi A et al: Imaging of muscle injuries in sports medicine: sports imaging series. Radiology. 282(3):646-663, 2017
                                                                          2. Patel A et al: British athletics muscle injury classification: a reliability study for a new grading system. Clin Radiol. 70(12):1414-20, 2015
                                                                          3. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW et al: Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 47(6):342-50, 2013
                                                                          4. Peetrons P: Ultrasound of muscles. Eur Radiol. 12(1):35-43, 2002