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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Myelosclerosis
Definitions
- Chronic myeloproliferative disorder → marrow fibrosis
- Most cases are secondary to other processes
- Leukemia (myelofibrosis may be diagnosed either prior to or at time of diagnosis of leukemia)
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease
- Essential thrombocythemia
- Nonmalignant causes (including infections, renal osteodystrophy, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, pernicious anemia, Gaucher disease, exposure to radiation, toxins)
- Primary myelofibrosis: 2 classes
- Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis: Indolent myeloproliferative syndrome (usually has splenomegaly)
- Acute myelofibrosis (usually no splenomegaly)
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Kröger N et al: Impact of allogeneic stem cell transplantation on survival of patients less than 65 years with primary myelofibrosis. Blood. 125(21):3347-50, 2015
- Markiewicz M et al: Safety and outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis. Eur J Haematol. ePub, 2015
- Palandri F et al: Mutations and long-term outcome of 217 young patients with essential thrombocythemia or early primary myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 29(6):1344-9, 2015
- Ihde LL et al: Sclerosing bone dysplasias: review and differentiation from other causes of osteosclerosis. Radiographics. 31(7):1865-82, 2011
- Kvasnicka HM et al: Prodromal myeloproliferative neoplasms: the 2008 WHO classification. Am J Hematol. 85(1):62-9, 2010
- Etienne A et al: Myelofibrosis-associated lymphoproliferative disease: retrospective study of 16 cases and literature review. Adv Hematol. 2009:179847, 2009
- Mesa RA et al: Emerging drugs for the therapy of primary and post essential thrombocythemia, post polycythemia vera myelofibrosis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 14(3):471-9, 2009
- Orazi A et al: Myelodysplastic syndromes. Am J Clin Pathol. 132(2):290-305, 2009
- Plo I et al: Molecular and genetic bases of myeloproliferative disorders: questions and perspectives. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 9 Suppl 3:S329-39, 2009
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Myelosclerosis
Definitions
- Chronic myeloproliferative disorder → marrow fibrosis
- Most cases are secondary to other processes
- Leukemia (myelofibrosis may be diagnosed either prior to or at time of diagnosis of leukemia)
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease
- Essential thrombocythemia
- Nonmalignant causes (including infections, renal osteodystrophy, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, pernicious anemia, Gaucher disease, exposure to radiation, toxins)
- Primary myelofibrosis: 2 classes
- Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis: Indolent myeloproliferative syndrome (usually has splenomegaly)
- Acute myelofibrosis (usually no splenomegaly)
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Kröger N et al: Impact of allogeneic stem cell transplantation on survival of patients less than 65 years with primary myelofibrosis. Blood. 125(21):3347-50, 2015
- Markiewicz M et al: Safety and outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis. Eur J Haematol. ePub, 2015
- Palandri F et al: Mutations and long-term outcome of 217 young patients with essential thrombocythemia or early primary myelofibrosis. Leukemia. 29(6):1344-9, 2015
- Ihde LL et al: Sclerosing bone dysplasias: review and differentiation from other causes of osteosclerosis. Radiographics. 31(7):1865-82, 2011
- Kvasnicka HM et al: Prodromal myeloproliferative neoplasms: the 2008 WHO classification. Am J Hematol. 85(1):62-9, 2010
- Etienne A et al: Myelofibrosis-associated lymphoproliferative disease: retrospective study of 16 cases and literature review. Adv Hematol. 2009:179847, 2009
- Mesa RA et al: Emerging drugs for the therapy of primary and post essential thrombocythemia, post polycythemia vera myelofibrosis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 14(3):471-9, 2009
- Orazi A et al: Myelodysplastic syndromes. Am J Clin Pathol. 132(2):290-305, 2009
- Plo I et al: Molecular and genetic bases of myeloproliferative disorders: questions and perspectives. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 9 Suppl 3:S329-39, 2009
