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Pediatrics
Diagnosis
Chest
Neonatal Chest Issues
Neonatal Pneumonia
Neonatal Pneumonia
Michael R. Aquino, MD, MHSc
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Pneumonia in first 28 days of life
            • Congenital: Infection established during fetal life
            • Early onset: First 48 hours of life; some define as < 7 days
            • Late onset: 2nd-4th weeks of life

          IMAGING

          • Radiographic Findings

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • Imaging Recommendations

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                    • Presentation

                      • Demographics

                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                          • Treatment

                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                              Selected References

                              1. Li W et al: Quantitative assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia in neonates using lung ultrasound score. Pediatr Pulmonol. 56(6):1419-26, 2021
                              2. Öktem A et al: Efficiency of lung ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of viral pneumonia in newborn. Am J Perinatol. ePub, 2021
                              3. Liszewski MC et al: Neonatal lung disorders: pattern recognition approach to diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 210(5):964-75, 2018
                              4. Hooven TA et al: Pneumonia. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 22(4):206-13, 2017
                              5. Liszewski MC et al: Respiratory distress in neonates: underlying causes and current imaging assessment. Radiol Clin North Am. 55(4):629-44, 2017
                              6. Pereda MA et al: Lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of pneumonia in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 135(4):714-22, 2015
                              7. Liu J: Lung ultrasonography for the diagnosis of neonatal lung disease. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 27(8):856-61, 2014
                              8. Liu J et al: Lung ultrasonography for the diagnosis of severe neonatal pneumonia. Chest. 146(2):383-8, 2014
                              9. Nissen MD: Congenital and neonatal pneumonia. Paediatr Respir Rev. 8(3):195-203, 2007
                              10. Duke T: Neonatal pneumonia in developing countries. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 90(3):F211-9, 2005
                              11. Klein Jerome O et al: Neonatal pneumonia. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Vol. 9. No. 3. WB Saunders, 1998
                              12. Campbell JR: Neonatal pneumonia. Semin Respir Infect. 11(3):155-62, 1996
                              13. Cleveland RH: A radiologic update on medical diseases of the newborn chest. Pediatr Radiol. 25:631-7, 1995
                              14. Walsh William F: Neonatal pneumonia. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Vol. 6. No. 3. WB Saunders, 1995
                              15. Haney PJ et al: Radiographic findings in neonatal pneumonia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 143(1):23-6, 1984
                              16. Ablow RC et al: The radiographic features of early onset Group B streptococcal neonatal sepsis. Radiology. 124(3):771-7, 1977
                              Related Anatomy
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                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                              References
                              Tables

                              Tables

                              KEY FACTS

                              • Terminology

                                • Imaging

                                  • Pathology

                                    • Clinical Issues

                                      TERMINOLOGY

                                      • Definitions

                                        • Pneumonia in first 28 days of life
                                        • Congenital: Infection established during fetal life
                                        • Early onset: First 48 hours of life; some define as < 7 days
                                        • Late onset: 2nd-4th weeks of life

                                      IMAGING

                                      • Radiographic Findings

                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                              PATHOLOGY

                                              • General Features

                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                • Presentation

                                                  • Demographics

                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                      • Treatment

                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                          Selected References

                                                          1. Li W et al: Quantitative assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia in neonates using lung ultrasound score. Pediatr Pulmonol. 56(6):1419-26, 2021
                                                          2. Öktem A et al: Efficiency of lung ultrasonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of viral pneumonia in newborn. Am J Perinatol. ePub, 2021
                                                          3. Liszewski MC et al: Neonatal lung disorders: pattern recognition approach to diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 210(5):964-75, 2018
                                                          4. Hooven TA et al: Pneumonia. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 22(4):206-13, 2017
                                                          5. Liszewski MC et al: Respiratory distress in neonates: underlying causes and current imaging assessment. Radiol Clin North Am. 55(4):629-44, 2017
                                                          6. Pereda MA et al: Lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of pneumonia in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 135(4):714-22, 2015
                                                          7. Liu J: Lung ultrasonography for the diagnosis of neonatal lung disease. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 27(8):856-61, 2014
                                                          8. Liu J et al: Lung ultrasonography for the diagnosis of severe neonatal pneumonia. Chest. 146(2):383-8, 2014
                                                          9. Nissen MD: Congenital and neonatal pneumonia. Paediatr Respir Rev. 8(3):195-203, 2007
                                                          10. Duke T: Neonatal pneumonia in developing countries. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 90(3):F211-9, 2005
                                                          11. Klein Jerome O et al: Neonatal pneumonia. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Vol. 9. No. 3. WB Saunders, 1998
                                                          12. Campbell JR: Neonatal pneumonia. Semin Respir Infect. 11(3):155-62, 1996
                                                          13. Cleveland RH: A radiologic update on medical diseases of the newborn chest. Pediatr Radiol. 25:631-7, 1995
                                                          14. Walsh William F: Neonatal pneumonia. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Vol. 6. No. 3. WB Saunders, 1995
                                                          15. Haney PJ et al: Radiographic findings in neonatal pneumonia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 143(1):23-6, 1984
                                                          16. Ablow RC et al: The radiographic features of early onset Group B streptococcal neonatal sepsis. Radiology. 124(3):771-7, 1977