AQP4 antibody-seropositive NMOSD is autoimmune astrocytopathic disease of optic nerves and spinal cord with variable brain parenchymal involvement
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Dubey D et al: Clinical, radiologic, and prognostic features of myelitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody. JAMA Neurol. 76(3):301-9, 2019
Borisow N et al: Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis. Front Neurol. 9:888, 2018
Weinshenker BG et al: Neuromyelitis spectrum disorders. Mayo Clin Proc. 92(4):663-79, 2017
Kleiter I et al: Neuromyelitis optica: evaluation of 871 attacks and 1,153 treatment courses. Ann Neurol. 79(2):206-16, 2016
Kim HJ et al: MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update. Neurology. 84(11):1165-73, 2015
Wingerchuk DM et al: International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 85(2):177-89, 2015
Kitley J et al: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with and without aquaporin 4 antibodies. JAMA Neurol. 70(11):1375-81, 2013
Sato DK et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody-positive cases beyond current diagnostic criteria for NMO spectrum disorders. Neurology. 80(24):2210-6, 2013
Morrow MJ et al: Neuromyelitis optica. J Neuroophthalmol. 32(2):154-66, 2012
Chan KH et al: Brain involvement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Arch Neurol. 68(11):1432-9, 2011
de Seze J et al: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evaluation in patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 81(4):409-11, 2010
Lu Z et al: Characteristic linear lesions and longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions in Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Sci. 293(1-2):92-6, 2010
Sellner J et al: The clinical spectrum and immunobiology of parainfectious neuromyelitis optica (Devic) syndromes. J Autoimmun. 34(4):371-9, 2010
Bichuetti DB et al: Neuromyelitis optica in Brazil: a study on clinical and prognostic factors. Mult Scler. 15(5):613-9, 2009
Heerlein K et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody positive longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following varicella zoster infection. J Neurol Sci. 276(1-2):184-6, 2009
Jacob A: Neuromyelitis optica - an update: 2007-2009. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 12(4):231-7, 2009
Zhang B et al: Correlation between serum thyroxine and complements in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 29(2):256-60, 2008
Krupp LB et al: Consensus definitions proposed for pediatric multiple sclerosis and related disorders. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S7-12, 2007
Matiello M et al: Neuromyelitis optica. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):255-60, 2007
Pittock SJ et al: The pathology of MS: new insights and potential clinical applications. Neurologist. 13(2):45-56, 2007
Pohl D et al: Treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis and variants. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S54-65, 2007
Takahashi T et al: Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre. Brain. 130(Pt 5):1235-43, 2007
Tanaka K et al: Anti-aquaporin 4 antibody in selected Japanese multiple sclerosis patients with long spinal cord lesions. Mult Scler. 2007
Wingerchuk DM: Neuromyelitis optica: new findings on pathogenesis. Int Rev Neurobiol. 79:665-88, 2007
Wingerchuk DM et al: Comparative immunopathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):343-50, 2007
Wingerchuk DM et al: The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 6(9):805-15, 2007
Deshpande R et al: The natural history of multiple sclerosis. Adv Neurol. 98:1-15, 2006
AQP4 antibody-seropositive NMOSD is autoimmune astrocytopathic disease of optic nerves and spinal cord with variable brain parenchymal involvement
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Dubey D et al: Clinical, radiologic, and prognostic features of myelitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody. JAMA Neurol. 76(3):301-9, 2019
Borisow N et al: Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis. Front Neurol. 9:888, 2018
Weinshenker BG et al: Neuromyelitis spectrum disorders. Mayo Clin Proc. 92(4):663-79, 2017
Kleiter I et al: Neuromyelitis optica: evaluation of 871 attacks and 1,153 treatment courses. Ann Neurol. 79(2):206-16, 2016
Kim HJ et al: MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update. Neurology. 84(11):1165-73, 2015
Wingerchuk DM et al: International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 85(2):177-89, 2015
Kitley J et al: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with and without aquaporin 4 antibodies. JAMA Neurol. 70(11):1375-81, 2013
Sato DK et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody-positive cases beyond current diagnostic criteria for NMO spectrum disorders. Neurology. 80(24):2210-6, 2013
Morrow MJ et al: Neuromyelitis optica. J Neuroophthalmol. 32(2):154-66, 2012
Chan KH et al: Brain involvement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Arch Neurol. 68(11):1432-9, 2011
de Seze J et al: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evaluation in patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 81(4):409-11, 2010
Lu Z et al: Characteristic linear lesions and longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions in Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Sci. 293(1-2):92-6, 2010
Sellner J et al: The clinical spectrum and immunobiology of parainfectious neuromyelitis optica (Devic) syndromes. J Autoimmun. 34(4):371-9, 2010
Bichuetti DB et al: Neuromyelitis optica in Brazil: a study on clinical and prognostic factors. Mult Scler. 15(5):613-9, 2009
Heerlein K et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody positive longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following varicella zoster infection. J Neurol Sci. 276(1-2):184-6, 2009
Jacob A: Neuromyelitis optica - an update: 2007-2009. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 12(4):231-7, 2009
Zhang B et al: Correlation between serum thyroxine and complements in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 29(2):256-60, 2008
Krupp LB et al: Consensus definitions proposed for pediatric multiple sclerosis and related disorders. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S7-12, 2007
Matiello M et al: Neuromyelitis optica. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):255-60, 2007
Pittock SJ et al: The pathology of MS: new insights and potential clinical applications. Neurologist. 13(2):45-56, 2007
Pohl D et al: Treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis and variants. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S54-65, 2007
Takahashi T et al: Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre. Brain. 130(Pt 5):1235-43, 2007
Tanaka K et al: Anti-aquaporin 4 antibody in selected Japanese multiple sclerosis patients with long spinal cord lesions. Mult Scler. 2007
Wingerchuk DM: Neuromyelitis optica: new findings on pathogenesis. Int Rev Neurobiol. 79:665-88, 2007
Wingerchuk DM et al: Comparative immunopathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):343-50, 2007
Wingerchuk DM et al: The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 6(9):805-15, 2007
Deshpande R et al: The natural history of multiple sclerosis. Adv Neurol. 98:1-15, 2006