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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)
Synonyms
- Devic disease, Devic syndrome, Devic neuromyelitis optica (NMO), optic-spinal multiple sclerosis (MS)
Definitions
- AQP4 antibody-seropositive NMOSD is autoimmune astrocytopathic disease of optic nerves and spinal cord with variable brain parenchymal involvement
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Dubey D et al: Clinical, radiologic, and prognostic features of myelitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody. JAMA Neurol. 76(3):301-9, 2019
- Borisow N et al: Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis. Front Neurol. 9:888, 2018
- Weinshenker BG et al: Neuromyelitis spectrum disorders. Mayo Clin Proc. 92(4):663-79, 2017
- Kleiter I et al: Neuromyelitis optica: evaluation of 871 attacks and 1,153 treatment courses. Ann Neurol. 79(2):206-16, 2016
- Kim HJ et al: MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update. Neurology. 84(11):1165-73, 2015
- Wingerchuk DM et al: International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 85(2):177-89, 2015
- Kitley J et al: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with and without aquaporin 4 antibodies. JAMA Neurol. 70(11):1375-81, 2013
- Sato DK et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody-positive cases beyond current diagnostic criteria for NMO spectrum disorders. Neurology. 80(24):2210-6, 2013
- Morrow MJ et al: Neuromyelitis optica. J Neuroophthalmol. 32(2):154-66, 2012
- Chan KH et al: Brain involvement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Arch Neurol. 68(11):1432-9, 2011
- de Seze J et al: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evaluation in patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 81(4):409-11, 2010
- Lu Z et al: Characteristic linear lesions and longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions in Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Sci. 293(1-2):92-6, 2010
- Sellner J et al: The clinical spectrum and immunobiology of parainfectious neuromyelitis optica (Devic) syndromes. J Autoimmun. 34(4):371-9, 2010
- Bichuetti DB et al: Neuromyelitis optica in Brazil: a study on clinical and prognostic factors. Mult Scler. 15(5):613-9, 2009
- Heerlein K et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody positive longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following varicella zoster infection. J Neurol Sci. 276(1-2):184-6, 2009
- Jacob A: Neuromyelitis optica - an update: 2007-2009. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 12(4):231-7, 2009
- Zhang B et al: Correlation between serum thyroxine and complements in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 29(2):256-60, 2008
- Krupp LB et al: Consensus definitions proposed for pediatric multiple sclerosis and related disorders. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S7-12, 2007
- Matiello M et al: Neuromyelitis optica. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):255-60, 2007
- Pittock SJ et al: The pathology of MS: new insights and potential clinical applications. Neurologist. 13(2):45-56, 2007
- Pohl D et al: Treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis and variants. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S54-65, 2007
- Takahashi T et al: Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre. Brain. 130(Pt 5):1235-43, 2007
- Tanaka K et al: Anti-aquaporin 4 antibody in selected Japanese multiple sclerosis patients with long spinal cord lesions. Mult Scler. 2007
- Wingerchuk DM: Neuromyelitis optica: new findings on pathogenesis. Int Rev Neurobiol. 79:665-88, 2007
- Wingerchuk DM et al: Comparative immunopathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):343-50, 2007
- Wingerchuk DM et al: The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 6(9):805-15, 2007
- Deshpande R et al: The natural history of multiple sclerosis. Adv Neurol. 98:1-15, 2006
- Mandler RN: Neuromyelitis optica - Devic's syndrome, update. Autoimmun Rev. 5(8):537-43, 2006
- Pittock SJ et al: Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol. 63(3):390-6, 2006
- Weinstock-Guttman B et al: Study of mitoxantrone for the treatment of recurrent neuromyelitis optica (Devic disease). Arch Neurol. 63(7):957-63, 2006
- Wingerchuk DM et al: Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 66(10):1485-9, 2006
- Lennon VA et al: IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel. J Exp Med. 202(4):473-7, 2005
- Pearce JM: Neuromyelitis optica. Spinal Cord. 43(11):631-4, 2005
- Poppe AY et al: Neuromyelitis optica with hypothalamic involvement. Mult Scler. 11(5):617-21, 2005
- Ghezzi A et al: Clinical characteristics, course and prognosis of relapsing Devic's neuromyelitis Optica. J Neurol. 251(1):47-52, 2004
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)
Synonyms
- Devic disease, Devic syndrome, Devic neuromyelitis optica (NMO), optic-spinal multiple sclerosis (MS)
Definitions
- AQP4 antibody-seropositive NMOSD is autoimmune astrocytopathic disease of optic nerves and spinal cord with variable brain parenchymal involvement
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Dubey D et al: Clinical, radiologic, and prognostic features of myelitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody. JAMA Neurol. 76(3):301-9, 2019
- Borisow N et al: Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis. Front Neurol. 9:888, 2018
- Weinshenker BG et al: Neuromyelitis spectrum disorders. Mayo Clin Proc. 92(4):663-79, 2017
- Kleiter I et al: Neuromyelitis optica: evaluation of 871 attacks and 1,153 treatment courses. Ann Neurol. 79(2):206-16, 2016
- Kim HJ et al: MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update. Neurology. 84(11):1165-73, 2015
- Wingerchuk DM et al: International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology. 85(2):177-89, 2015
- Kitley J et al: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with and without aquaporin 4 antibodies. JAMA Neurol. 70(11):1375-81, 2013
- Sato DK et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody-positive cases beyond current diagnostic criteria for NMO spectrum disorders. Neurology. 80(24):2210-6, 2013
- Morrow MJ et al: Neuromyelitis optica. J Neuroophthalmol. 32(2):154-66, 2012
- Chan KH et al: Brain involvement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Arch Neurol. 68(11):1432-9, 2011
- de Seze J et al: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy evaluation in patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 81(4):409-11, 2010
- Lu Z et al: Characteristic linear lesions and longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions in Chinese patients with neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Sci. 293(1-2):92-6, 2010
- Sellner J et al: The clinical spectrum and immunobiology of parainfectious neuromyelitis optica (Devic) syndromes. J Autoimmun. 34(4):371-9, 2010
- Bichuetti DB et al: Neuromyelitis optica in Brazil: a study on clinical and prognostic factors. Mult Scler. 15(5):613-9, 2009
- Heerlein K et al: Aquaporin-4 antibody positive longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following varicella zoster infection. J Neurol Sci. 276(1-2):184-6, 2009
- Jacob A: Neuromyelitis optica - an update: 2007-2009. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 12(4):231-7, 2009
- Zhang B et al: Correlation between serum thyroxine and complements in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 29(2):256-60, 2008
- Krupp LB et al: Consensus definitions proposed for pediatric multiple sclerosis and related disorders. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S7-12, 2007
- Matiello M et al: Neuromyelitis optica. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):255-60, 2007
- Pittock SJ et al: The pathology of MS: new insights and potential clinical applications. Neurologist. 13(2):45-56, 2007
- Pohl D et al: Treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis and variants. Neurology. 68(16 Suppl 2):S54-65, 2007
- Takahashi T et al: Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre. Brain. 130(Pt 5):1235-43, 2007
- Tanaka K et al: Anti-aquaporin 4 antibody in selected Japanese multiple sclerosis patients with long spinal cord lesions. Mult Scler. 2007
- Wingerchuk DM: Neuromyelitis optica: new findings on pathogenesis. Int Rev Neurobiol. 79:665-88, 2007
- Wingerchuk DM et al: Comparative immunopathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol. 20(3):343-50, 2007
- Wingerchuk DM et al: The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 6(9):805-15, 2007
- Deshpande R et al: The natural history of multiple sclerosis. Adv Neurol. 98:1-15, 2006
- Mandler RN: Neuromyelitis optica - Devic's syndrome, update. Autoimmun Rev. 5(8):537-43, 2006
- Pittock SJ et al: Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. Arch Neurol. 63(3):390-6, 2006
- Weinstock-Guttman B et al: Study of mitoxantrone for the treatment of recurrent neuromyelitis optica (Devic disease). Arch Neurol. 63(7):957-63, 2006
- Wingerchuk DM et al: Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 66(10):1485-9, 2006
- Lennon VA et al: IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel. J Exp Med. 202(4):473-7, 2005
- Pearce JM: Neuromyelitis optica. Spinal Cord. 43(11):631-4, 2005
- Poppe AY et al: Neuromyelitis optica with hypothalamic involvement. Mult Scler. 11(5):617-21, 2005
- Ghezzi A et al: Clinical characteristics, course and prognosis of relapsing Devic's neuromyelitis Optica. J Neurol. 251(1):47-52, 2004
