Metastatic node(s) from DTC [papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) or follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC)]
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Liu X et al: The impact of radioactive iodine treatment on survival among papillary thyroid cancer patients according to the 7th and 8th editions of the AJCC/TNM staging system: a SEER-based study. Updates Surg. 72(3):871-84, 2020
Zhao H et al: Risk factors for skip metastasis and lateral lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. Surgery. 166(1):55-60, 2019
Lan X et al: A meta-analysis of central lymph node metastasis for predicting lateral involvement in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 153(5):731-8, 2015
Wei T et al: Predictive factors of contralateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 41(6):746-50, 2015
Wu MH et al: Prognostic significance of extranodal extension of regional lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer. Head Neck. 37(9):1336-43, 2015
Yeh MW et al: American Thyroid Association statement on preoperative imaging for thyroid cancer surgery. Thyroid. 25(1):3-14, 2015
Coquia SF et al: The role of sonography in thyroid cancer. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(6):1283-94, 2014
Mizrachi A et al: Value of ultrasound in detecting central compartment lymph node metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 271(5):1215-8, 2014
Su HK et al: Striving toward standardization of reporting of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules and lymph nodes: a multidisciplinary consensus statement. Thyroid. 24(9):1341-9, 2014
Vannucchi G et al: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection in papillary thyroid cancer metastatic lymph-nodes. Endocrine. 47(2):648-51, 2014
Wang LY et al: Central lymph node characteristics predictive of outcome in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 24(12):1790-5, 2014
Xiang D et al: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) facilitated US in detecting lateral neck lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer patients: diagnosis value and enhancement patterns of malignant lymph nodes. Eur Radiol. 24(10):2513-9, 2014
Giacomini CP et al: Ultrasonographic evaluation of malignant and normal cervical lymph nodes. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 34(3):236-47, 2013
Li QK et al: Thyroglobulin measurements in fine-needle aspiration cytology of lymph nodes for the detection of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cytopathol. 121(8):440-8, 2013
Shin LK et al: Sonographic evaluation of cervical lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer. Ultrasound Q. 29(1):25-32, 2013
Lim YC et al: Occult lymph node metastases in neck level V in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 147(2):241-5, 2010
Kaplan SL et al: The role of MR imaging in detecting nodal disease in thyroidectomy patients with rising thyroglobulin levels. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(3):608-12, 2009
Lim YC et al: Central lymph node metastases in unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Br J Surg. 96(3):253-7, 2009
Rotstein L: The role of lymphadenectomy in the management of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. J Surg Oncol. 99(4):186-8, 2009
Schmidt D et al: Impact of 131I SPECT/spiral CT on nodal staging of differentiated thyroid carcinoma at the first radioablation. J Nucl Med. 50(1):18-23, 2009
Roh JL et al: Central cervical nodal metastasis from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: pattern and factors predictive of nodal metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol. 15(9):2482-6, 2008
Roh JL et al: Lateral cervical lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma: pattern of nodal metastases and optimal strategy for neck dissection. Ann Surg Oncol. 15(4):1177-82, 2008
Soler ZM et al: Utility of computed tomography in the detection of subclinical nodal disease in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 134(9):973-8, 2008
Sugitani I et al: Prospective outcomes of selective lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma based on preoperative ultrasonography. World J Surg. 32(11):2494-502, 2008
Yanir Y et al: Regional metastases in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma: pattern of spread. Laryngoscope. 118(3):433-6, 2008
Leboulleux S et al: Ultrasound criteria of malignancy for cervical lymph nodes in patients followed up for differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 92(9):3590-4, 2007
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References
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
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Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC)
Definitions
Metastatic node(s) from DTC [papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) or follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC)]
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Liu X et al: The impact of radioactive iodine treatment on survival among papillary thyroid cancer patients according to the 7th and 8th editions of the AJCC/TNM staging system: a SEER-based study. Updates Surg. 72(3):871-84, 2020
Zhao H et al: Risk factors for skip metastasis and lateral lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. Surgery. 166(1):55-60, 2019
Lan X et al: A meta-analysis of central lymph node metastasis for predicting lateral involvement in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 153(5):731-8, 2015
Wei T et al: Predictive factors of contralateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 41(6):746-50, 2015
Wu MH et al: Prognostic significance of extranodal extension of regional lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer. Head Neck. 37(9):1336-43, 2015
Yeh MW et al: American Thyroid Association statement on preoperative imaging for thyroid cancer surgery. Thyroid. 25(1):3-14, 2015
Coquia SF et al: The role of sonography in thyroid cancer. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(6):1283-94, 2014
Mizrachi A et al: Value of ultrasound in detecting central compartment lymph node metastases in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 271(5):1215-8, 2014
Su HK et al: Striving toward standardization of reporting of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules and lymph nodes: a multidisciplinary consensus statement. Thyroid. 24(9):1341-9, 2014
Vannucchi G et al: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection in papillary thyroid cancer metastatic lymph-nodes. Endocrine. 47(2):648-51, 2014
Wang LY et al: Central lymph node characteristics predictive of outcome in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 24(12):1790-5, 2014
Xiang D et al: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) facilitated US in detecting lateral neck lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer patients: diagnosis value and enhancement patterns of malignant lymph nodes. Eur Radiol. 24(10):2513-9, 2014
Giacomini CP et al: Ultrasonographic evaluation of malignant and normal cervical lymph nodes. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 34(3):236-47, 2013
Li QK et al: Thyroglobulin measurements in fine-needle aspiration cytology of lymph nodes for the detection of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cytopathol. 121(8):440-8, 2013
Shin LK et al: Sonographic evaluation of cervical lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer. Ultrasound Q. 29(1):25-32, 2013
Lim YC et al: Occult lymph node metastases in neck level V in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 147(2):241-5, 2010
Kaplan SL et al: The role of MR imaging in detecting nodal disease in thyroidectomy patients with rising thyroglobulin levels. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(3):608-12, 2009
Lim YC et al: Central lymph node metastases in unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Br J Surg. 96(3):253-7, 2009
Rotstein L: The role of lymphadenectomy in the management of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. J Surg Oncol. 99(4):186-8, 2009
Schmidt D et al: Impact of 131I SPECT/spiral CT on nodal staging of differentiated thyroid carcinoma at the first radioablation. J Nucl Med. 50(1):18-23, 2009
Roh JL et al: Central cervical nodal metastasis from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: pattern and factors predictive of nodal metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol. 15(9):2482-6, 2008
Roh JL et al: Lateral cervical lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma: pattern of nodal metastases and optimal strategy for neck dissection. Ann Surg Oncol. 15(4):1177-82, 2008
Soler ZM et al: Utility of computed tomography in the detection of subclinical nodal disease in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 134(9):973-8, 2008
Sugitani I et al: Prospective outcomes of selective lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma based on preoperative ultrasonography. World J Surg. 32(11):2494-502, 2008
Yanir Y et al: Regional metastases in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma: pattern of spread. Laryngoscope. 118(3):433-6, 2008
Leboulleux S et al: Ultrasound criteria of malignancy for cervical lymph nodes in patients followed up for differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 92(9):3590-4, 2007
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