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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- ↓ overall brain volume with advancing age
- Reflected in relative ↑ CSF spaces
- ↓ overall brain volume with advancing age
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Dubost F et al: Enlarged perivascular spaces in brain MRI: automated quantification in four regions. Neuroimage. 185:534-44, 2019
- Jonkman LE et al: Normal Aging Brain Collection Amsterdam (NABCA): a comprehensive collection of postmortem high-field imaging, neuropathological and morphometric datasets of non-neurological controls. Neuroimage Clin. 22:101698, 2019
- Walker L et al: Neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. Subcell Biochem. 91:75-106, 2019
- de Brouwer EJM et al: Hippocampal calcifications: risk factors and association with cognitive function. Radiology. 288(3):815-20, 2018
- Haller S et al: Cerebral microbleeds: imaging and clinical significance. Radiology. 287(1):11-28, 2018
- Xekardaki A et al: Neuropathological changes in aging brain. Adv Exp Med Biol. 821:11-7, 2015
- van Velsen EF et al: Brain cortical thickness in the general elderly population: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Neurosci Lett. 550:189-94, 2013
- Poels MM et al: Arterial stiffness and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke. 43(10):2637-42, 2012
- Ikram MA et al: The Rotterdam Scan Study: design and update up to 2012. Eur J Epidemiol. 26(10):811-24, 2011
- Poels MM et al: Incidence of cerebral microbleeds in the general population: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke. 42(3):656-61, 2011
- Ni JM et al: Regional diffusion changes of cerebral grey matter during normal aging--a fluid-inversion prepared diffusion imaging study. Eur J Radiol. 75(2):134-8, 2010
- Williams LR et al: Clinical correlates of cerebral white matter hyperintensities in cognitively normal older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 50(2):127-31, 2010
- Salat DH et al: Regional white matter volume differences in nondemented aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage. 44(4):1247-58, 2009
- Galluzzi S et al: Aging. Neurol Sci. 29 Suppl 3:296-300, 2008
- Gruber S et al: Metabolic changes in the normal ageing brain: consistent findings from short and long echo time proton spectroscopy. Eur J Radiol. 68(2):320-7, 2008
- Harder SL et al: Mineralization of the deep gray matter with age: a retrospective review with susceptibility-weighted MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(1):176-83, 2008
- Kövari E et al: Cortical microinfarcts and demyelination significantly affect cognition in brain aging. Stroke. 35(2):410-4, 2004
- Brickman AM et al: Striatal size, glucose metabolic rate, and verbal learning in normal aging. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 17(1):106-16, 2003
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- ↓ overall brain volume with advancing age
- Reflected in relative ↑ CSF spaces
- ↓ overall brain volume with advancing age
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Dubost F et al: Enlarged perivascular spaces in brain MRI: automated quantification in four regions. Neuroimage. 185:534-44, 2019
- Jonkman LE et al: Normal Aging Brain Collection Amsterdam (NABCA): a comprehensive collection of postmortem high-field imaging, neuropathological and morphometric datasets of non-neurological controls. Neuroimage Clin. 22:101698, 2019
- Walker L et al: Neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. Subcell Biochem. 91:75-106, 2019
- de Brouwer EJM et al: Hippocampal calcifications: risk factors and association with cognitive function. Radiology. 288(3):815-20, 2018
- Haller S et al: Cerebral microbleeds: imaging and clinical significance. Radiology. 287(1):11-28, 2018
- Xekardaki A et al: Neuropathological changes in aging brain. Adv Exp Med Biol. 821:11-7, 2015
- van Velsen EF et al: Brain cortical thickness in the general elderly population: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Neurosci Lett. 550:189-94, 2013
- Poels MM et al: Arterial stiffness and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke. 43(10):2637-42, 2012
- Ikram MA et al: The Rotterdam Scan Study: design and update up to 2012. Eur J Epidemiol. 26(10):811-24, 2011
- Poels MM et al: Incidence of cerebral microbleeds in the general population: the Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke. 42(3):656-61, 2011
- Ni JM et al: Regional diffusion changes of cerebral grey matter during normal aging--a fluid-inversion prepared diffusion imaging study. Eur J Radiol. 75(2):134-8, 2010
- Williams LR et al: Clinical correlates of cerebral white matter hyperintensities in cognitively normal older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 50(2):127-31, 2010
- Salat DH et al: Regional white matter volume differences in nondemented aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage. 44(4):1247-58, 2009
- Galluzzi S et al: Aging. Neurol Sci. 29 Suppl 3:296-300, 2008
- Gruber S et al: Metabolic changes in the normal ageing brain: consistent findings from short and long echo time proton spectroscopy. Eur J Radiol. 68(2):320-7, 2008
- Harder SL et al: Mineralization of the deep gray matter with age: a retrospective review with susceptibility-weighted MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(1):176-83, 2008
- Kövari E et al: Cortical microinfarcts and demyelination significantly affect cognition in brain aging. Stroke. 35(2):410-4, 2004
- Brickman AM et al: Striatal size, glucose metabolic rate, and verbal learning in normal aging. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 17(1):106-16, 2003
