Process of myelin sheath development around axons throughout CNS
Begins in 5th fetal month & continues throughout life
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Bhatia V et al: MRI in normal myelination: a pictorial review. Curr Pediatr Rev. ePub, 2021
Barkovich MJ et al: MR imaging of normal brain development. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 29(3):325-37, 2019
Uda S et al: Normal development of human brain white matter from infancy to early adulthood: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Dev Neurosci. 37(2):182-94, 2015
Branson HM: Normal myelination: a practical pictorial review. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 23(2):183-95, 2013
Singhi S et al: Diffusion tensor imaging of the maturing paediatric cervical spinal cord: from the neonate to the young adult. J Neuroradiol. 39(3):142-8, 2012
Welker KM et al: Assessment of normal myelination with magnetic resonance imaging. Semin Neurol. 32(1):15-28, 2012
Zanin E et al: White matter maturation of normal human fetal brain. An in vivo diffusion tensor tractography study. Brain Behav. 1(2):95-108, 2011
Girard N et al: Assessment of normal fetal brain maturation in utero by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med. 56(4):768-75, 2006
Jellison BJ et al: Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter: a pictorial review of physics, fiber tract anatomy, and tumor imaging patterns. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25(3):356-69, 2004
McGraw P et al: Evaluation of normal age-related changes in anisotropy during infancy and childhood as shown by diffusion tensor imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 179(6):1515-22, 2002
Mukherjee P et al: Diffusion-tensor MR imaging of gray and white matter development during normal human brain maturation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 23(9):1445-56, 2002
Barkovich AJ: Concepts of myelin and myelination in neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(6):1099-109, 2000
Murakami JW et al: Normal myelination of the pediatric brain imaged with fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 20(8):1406-11, 1999
Nakagawa H et al: Normal myelination of anatomic nerve fiber bundles: MR analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(6):1129-36, 1998
Van der Knaap MS et al: Myelin & white matter. In Barkhof F. et al: Magnetic resonance of myelin, myelination, & myelin disorders. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1995
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Myelin maturation, white matter (WM) development
Definitions
Process of myelin sheath development around axons throughout CNS
Begins in 5th fetal month & continues throughout life
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Bhatia V et al: MRI in normal myelination: a pictorial review. Curr Pediatr Rev. ePub, 2021
Barkovich MJ et al: MR imaging of normal brain development. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 29(3):325-37, 2019
Uda S et al: Normal development of human brain white matter from infancy to early adulthood: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Dev Neurosci. 37(2):182-94, 2015
Branson HM: Normal myelination: a practical pictorial review. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 23(2):183-95, 2013
Singhi S et al: Diffusion tensor imaging of the maturing paediatric cervical spinal cord: from the neonate to the young adult. J Neuroradiol. 39(3):142-8, 2012
Welker KM et al: Assessment of normal myelination with magnetic resonance imaging. Semin Neurol. 32(1):15-28, 2012
Zanin E et al: White matter maturation of normal human fetal brain. An in vivo diffusion tensor tractography study. Brain Behav. 1(2):95-108, 2011
Girard N et al: Assessment of normal fetal brain maturation in utero by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med. 56(4):768-75, 2006
Jellison BJ et al: Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter: a pictorial review of physics, fiber tract anatomy, and tumor imaging patterns. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 25(3):356-69, 2004
McGraw P et al: Evaluation of normal age-related changes in anisotropy during infancy and childhood as shown by diffusion tensor imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 179(6):1515-22, 2002
Mukherjee P et al: Diffusion-tensor MR imaging of gray and white matter development during normal human brain maturation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 23(9):1445-56, 2002
Barkovich AJ: Concepts of myelin and myelination in neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(6):1099-109, 2000
Murakami JW et al: Normal myelination of the pediatric brain imaged with fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 20(8):1406-11, 1999
Nakagawa H et al: Normal myelination of anatomic nerve fiber bundles: MR analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(6):1129-36, 1998
Van der Knaap MS et al: Myelin & white matter. In Barkhof F. et al: Magnetic resonance of myelin, myelination, & myelin disorders. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 1995
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