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Spine
Differential Diagnosis
Craniovertebral Junction
Generic Imaging Patterns
Odontoid Deformity
Odontoid Deformity
Jeffrey S. Ross, MD; Julia R. Crim, MD
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DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

    ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

    • Key Differential Diagnosis Issues

      • Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses

        • Helpful Clues for Less Common Diagnoses

          Selected References

          1. Carvalho AD et al: Odontoid fractures: a critical review of current management and future directions. Clin Spine Surg. 32(8):313-23, 2019
          2. Iyer S et al: Management of odontoid fractures in the elderly: a review of the literature and an evidence-based treatment algorithm. Neurosurgery. 82(4):419-30, 2018
          3. Hadley MN et al: Introduction to the guidelines for the management of acute cervical spine and spinal cord injuries. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:5-16, 2013
          4. Ryken TC et al: Management of isolated fractures of the axis in adults. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:132-50, 2013
          5. Munera F et al: Imaging evaluation of adult spinal injuries: emphasis on multidetector CT in cervical spine trauma. Radiology. 263(3):645-60, 2012
          6. Bono CM et al: Measurement techniques for upper cervical spine injuries: consensus statement of the Spine Trauma Study Group. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 32(5):593-600, 2007
          Related Anatomy
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          References
          Tables

          Tables

          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

            ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

            • Key Differential Diagnosis Issues

              • Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses

                • Helpful Clues for Less Common Diagnoses

                  Selected References

                  1. Carvalho AD et al: Odontoid fractures: a critical review of current management and future directions. Clin Spine Surg. 32(8):313-23, 2019
                  2. Iyer S et al: Management of odontoid fractures in the elderly: a review of the literature and an evidence-based treatment algorithm. Neurosurgery. 82(4):419-30, 2018
                  3. Hadley MN et al: Introduction to the guidelines for the management of acute cervical spine and spinal cord injuries. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:5-16, 2013
                  4. Ryken TC et al: Management of isolated fractures of the axis in adults. Neurosurgery. 72 Suppl 2:132-50, 2013
                  5. Munera F et al: Imaging evaluation of adult spinal injuries: emphasis on multidetector CT in cervical spine trauma. Radiology. 263(3):645-60, 2012
                  6. Bono CM et al: Measurement techniques for upper cervical spine injuries: consensus statement of the Spine Trauma Study Group. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 32(5):593-600, 2007