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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Exomphalos
Definitions
- Midline abdominal wall defect (AWD) with visceral extrusion into umbilical cord base
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Revels JW et al: An algorithmic approach to complex fetal abdominal wall defects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 214(1):218-31, 2020
- Chock VY et al: Prenatally diagnosed omphalocele: characteristics associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. J Perinatol. 39(8):1111-7, 2019
- Peters NCJ et al: The validity of the viscero-abdominal disproportion ratio for type of surgical closure in all fetuses with an omphalocele. Prenat Diagn. 39(12):1070-9, 2019
- Victoria T et al: Fetal anterior abdominal wall defects: prenatal imaging by magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 48(4):499-512, 2018
- Abdelhafeez AH et al: The risk of volvulus in abdominal wall defects. J Pediatr Surg. 50(4):570-2, 2015
- Gamba P et al: Abdominal wall defects: prenatal diagnosis, newborn management, and long-term outcomes. Semin Pediatr Surg. 23(5):283-90, 2014
- Lakshminarayanan B et al: Abdominal wall defects. Early Hum Dev. 90(12):917-20, 2014
- Kelly KB et al: Pediatric abdominal wall defects. Surg Clin North Am. 93(5):1255-67, 2013
- Frolov P et al: Clinical risk factors for gastroschisis and omphalocele in humans: a review of the literature. Pediatr Surg Int. 26(12):1135-48, 2010
- Mac Bird T et al: Demographic and environmental risk factors for gastroschisis and omphalocele in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. J Pediatr Surg. 44(8):1546-51, 2009
- Vachharajani AJ et al: Outcomes of exomphalos: an institutional experience. Pediatr Surg Int. 25(2):139-44, 2009
- Islam S: Clinical care outcomes in abdominal wall defects. Curr Opin Pediatr. 20(3):305-10, 2008
- Kamata S et al: Prenatal detection of pulmonary hypoplasia in giant omphalocele. Pediatr Surg Int. 24(1):107-11, 2008
- Kumar HR et al: Impact of omphalocele size on associated conditions. J Pediatr Surg. 43(12):2216-9, 2008
- Mann S et al: Prenatal and postnatal management of omphalocele. Prenat Diagn. 28(7):626-32, 2008
- Blazer S et al: Fetal omphalocele detected early in pregnancy: associated anomalies and outcomes. Radiology. 232(1):191-5, 2004
- Hwang PJ et al: Omphalocele and gastroschisis: an 18-year review study. Genet Med. 6(4):232-6, 2004
- Wilson RD et al: Congenital abdominal wall defects: an update. Fetal Diagn Ther. 19(5):385-98, 2004
- Halbertsma FJ et al: Cardiac diverticulum and omphalocele: Cantrell's pentalogy or syndrome. Cardiol Young. 12(1):71-4, 2002
- Macayran JF et al: PAGOD syndrome: eighth case and comparison to animal models of congenital vitamin A deficiency. Am J Med Genet. 108(3):229-34, 2002
- Ericson A et al: Congenital malformations in infants born after IVF: a population-based study. Hum Reprod. 16(3):504-9, 2001
- Headley BM et al: Left-lung-collapse bronchial deformation in giant omphalocele. J Pediatr Surg. 36(6):846-50, 2001
- Puthenpurayil K et al: Pelvic ectopia of the liver in an adult associated with omphalocele repair as a neonate. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 177(5):1113-5, 2001
- Koivusalo A et al: Cryptorchidism in boys with congenital abdominal wall defects. Pediatr Surg Int. 13(2-3):143-5, 1998
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Exomphalos
Definitions
- Midline abdominal wall defect (AWD) with visceral extrusion into umbilical cord base
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Revels JW et al: An algorithmic approach to complex fetal abdominal wall defects. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 214(1):218-31, 2020
- Chock VY et al: Prenatally diagnosed omphalocele: characteristics associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. J Perinatol. 39(8):1111-7, 2019
- Peters NCJ et al: The validity of the viscero-abdominal disproportion ratio for type of surgical closure in all fetuses with an omphalocele. Prenat Diagn. 39(12):1070-9, 2019
- Victoria T et al: Fetal anterior abdominal wall defects: prenatal imaging by magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 48(4):499-512, 2018
- Abdelhafeez AH et al: The risk of volvulus in abdominal wall defects. J Pediatr Surg. 50(4):570-2, 2015
- Gamba P et al: Abdominal wall defects: prenatal diagnosis, newborn management, and long-term outcomes. Semin Pediatr Surg. 23(5):283-90, 2014
- Lakshminarayanan B et al: Abdominal wall defects. Early Hum Dev. 90(12):917-20, 2014
- Kelly KB et al: Pediatric abdominal wall defects. Surg Clin North Am. 93(5):1255-67, 2013
- Frolov P et al: Clinical risk factors for gastroschisis and omphalocele in humans: a review of the literature. Pediatr Surg Int. 26(12):1135-48, 2010
- Mac Bird T et al: Demographic and environmental risk factors for gastroschisis and omphalocele in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. J Pediatr Surg. 44(8):1546-51, 2009
- Vachharajani AJ et al: Outcomes of exomphalos: an institutional experience. Pediatr Surg Int. 25(2):139-44, 2009
- Islam S: Clinical care outcomes in abdominal wall defects. Curr Opin Pediatr. 20(3):305-10, 2008
- Kamata S et al: Prenatal detection of pulmonary hypoplasia in giant omphalocele. Pediatr Surg Int. 24(1):107-11, 2008
- Kumar HR et al: Impact of omphalocele size on associated conditions. J Pediatr Surg. 43(12):2216-9, 2008
- Mann S et al: Prenatal and postnatal management of omphalocele. Prenat Diagn. 28(7):626-32, 2008
- Blazer S et al: Fetal omphalocele detected early in pregnancy: associated anomalies and outcomes. Radiology. 232(1):191-5, 2004
- Hwang PJ et al: Omphalocele and gastroschisis: an 18-year review study. Genet Med. 6(4):232-6, 2004
- Wilson RD et al: Congenital abdominal wall defects: an update. Fetal Diagn Ther. 19(5):385-98, 2004
- Halbertsma FJ et al: Cardiac diverticulum and omphalocele: Cantrell's pentalogy or syndrome. Cardiol Young. 12(1):71-4, 2002
- Macayran JF et al: PAGOD syndrome: eighth case and comparison to animal models of congenital vitamin A deficiency. Am J Med Genet. 108(3):229-34, 2002
- Ericson A et al: Congenital malformations in infants born after IVF: a population-based study. Hum Reprod. 16(3):504-9, 2001
- Headley BM et al: Left-lung-collapse bronchial deformation in giant omphalocele. J Pediatr Surg. 36(6):846-50, 2001
- Puthenpurayil K et al: Pelvic ectopia of the liver in an adult associated with omphalocele repair as a neonate. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 177(5):1113-5, 2001
- Koivusalo A et al: Cryptorchidism in boys with congenital abdominal wall defects. Pediatr Surg Int. 13(2-3):143-5, 1998
