Childhood benign tumors: With neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), syndromic 30-40%
Childhood benign tumors: Without NF1 (sporadic)
Adult tumors: Typically malignant
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Boonzaier NR et al: Quantitative MRI demonstrates abnormalities of the third ventricle subventricular zone in neurofibromatosis type-1 and sporadic paediatric optic pathway glioma. Neuroimage Clin. 28:102447, 2020
Pisapia JM et al: Predicting pediatric optic pathway glioma progression using advanced magnetic resonance image analysis and machine learning. Neurooncol Adv. 2(1):vdaa090, 2020
de Blank PMK et al: Optic pathway gliomas in neurofibromatosis type 1: an update: surveillance, treatment indications, and biomarkers of vision. J Neuroophthalmol. 37 Suppl 1:S23-32, 2017
Friedrich RE et al: Optic pathway glioma and cerebral focal abnormal signal intensity in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1: characteristics, treatment choices and follow-up in 134 affected individuals and a brief review of the literature. Anticancer Res. 36(8):4095-121, 2016
Aquilina K et al: Optic pathway glioma in children: does visual deficit correlate with radiology in focal exophytic lesions? Childs Nerv Syst. 31(11):2041-9, 2015
Shofty B et al: The effect of chemotherapy on optic pathway gliomas and their sub-components: a volumetric MR analysis study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 62(8):1353-9, 2015
Rodriguez FJ et al: BRAF duplications and MAPK pathway activation are frequent in gliomas of the optic nerve proper. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 71(9):789-94, 2012
Nicolin G et al: Natural history and outcome of optic pathway gliomas in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 53(7):1231-7, 2009
Schupper A et al: Optic-pathway glioma: natural history demonstrated by a new empirical score. Pediatr Neurol. 40(6):432-6, 2009
Jost SC et al: Diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging as markers of clinical behavior in children with optic pathway glioma. Pediatr Radiol. 38(12):1293-9, 2008
Pereira LS et al: Perineural arachnoidal gliomatosis: case report. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 71(4):595-8, 2008
Taylor T et al: Radiological classification of optic pathway gliomas: experience of a modified functional classification system. Br J Radiol. 81(970):761-6, 2008
Walrath JD et al: Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of optic nerve glioma progression into and beyond the optic chiasm. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 24(6):473-5, 2008
Zeid JL et al: Orbital optic nerve gliomas in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. J AAPOS. 10(6):534-9, 2006
Chateil JF et al: MRI and clinical differences between optic pathway tumours in children with and without neurofibromatosis. Br J Radiol. 74(877):24-31, 2001
Parsa CF et al: Spontaneous regression of optic gliomas: thirteen cases documented by serial neuroimaging. Arch Ophthalmol. 119(4):516-29, 2001
Friedman JM et al: An association between optic glioma and other tumours of the central nervous system in neurofibromatosis type 1. Neuropediatrics. 28(2):131-2, 1997
Listernick R et al: Optic pathway tumors in children: the effect of neurofibromatosis type 1 on clinical manifestations and natural history. J Pediatr. 127(5):718-22, 1995
Millar WS et al: MR of malignant optic glioma of adulthood. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 16(8):1673-6, 1995
Parazzini C et al: Spontaneous involution of optic pathway lesions in neurofibromatosis type 1: serial contrast MR evaluation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 16(8):1711-8, 1995
Childhood benign tumors: With neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), syndromic 30-40%
Childhood benign tumors: Without NF1 (sporadic)
Adult tumors: Typically malignant
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Boonzaier NR et al: Quantitative MRI demonstrates abnormalities of the third ventricle subventricular zone in neurofibromatosis type-1 and sporadic paediatric optic pathway glioma. Neuroimage Clin. 28:102447, 2020
Pisapia JM et al: Predicting pediatric optic pathway glioma progression using advanced magnetic resonance image analysis and machine learning. Neurooncol Adv. 2(1):vdaa090, 2020
de Blank PMK et al: Optic pathway gliomas in neurofibromatosis type 1: an update: surveillance, treatment indications, and biomarkers of vision. J Neuroophthalmol. 37 Suppl 1:S23-32, 2017
Friedrich RE et al: Optic pathway glioma and cerebral focal abnormal signal intensity in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1: characteristics, treatment choices and follow-up in 134 affected individuals and a brief review of the literature. Anticancer Res. 36(8):4095-121, 2016
Aquilina K et al: Optic pathway glioma in children: does visual deficit correlate with radiology in focal exophytic lesions? Childs Nerv Syst. 31(11):2041-9, 2015
Shofty B et al: The effect of chemotherapy on optic pathway gliomas and their sub-components: a volumetric MR analysis study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 62(8):1353-9, 2015
Rodriguez FJ et al: BRAF duplications and MAPK pathway activation are frequent in gliomas of the optic nerve proper. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 71(9):789-94, 2012
Nicolin G et al: Natural history and outcome of optic pathway gliomas in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 53(7):1231-7, 2009
Schupper A et al: Optic-pathway glioma: natural history demonstrated by a new empirical score. Pediatr Neurol. 40(6):432-6, 2009
Jost SC et al: Diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging as markers of clinical behavior in children with optic pathway glioma. Pediatr Radiol. 38(12):1293-9, 2008
Pereira LS et al: Perineural arachnoidal gliomatosis: case report. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 71(4):595-8, 2008
Taylor T et al: Radiological classification of optic pathway gliomas: experience of a modified functional classification system. Br J Radiol. 81(970):761-6, 2008
Walrath JD et al: Magnetic resonance imaging evidence of optic nerve glioma progression into and beyond the optic chiasm. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 24(6):473-5, 2008
Zeid JL et al: Orbital optic nerve gliomas in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. J AAPOS. 10(6):534-9, 2006
Chateil JF et al: MRI and clinical differences between optic pathway tumours in children with and without neurofibromatosis. Br J Radiol. 74(877):24-31, 2001
Parsa CF et al: Spontaneous regression of optic gliomas: thirteen cases documented by serial neuroimaging. Arch Ophthalmol. 119(4):516-29, 2001
Friedman JM et al: An association between optic glioma and other tumours of the central nervous system in neurofibromatosis type 1. Neuropediatrics. 28(2):131-2, 1997
Listernick R et al: Optic pathway tumors in children: the effect of neurofibromatosis type 1 on clinical manifestations and natural history. J Pediatr. 127(5):718-22, 1995
Millar WS et al: MR of malignant optic glioma of adulthood. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 16(8):1673-6, 1995
Parazzini C et al: Spontaneous involution of optic pathway lesions in neurofibromatosis type 1: serial contrast MR evaluation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 16(8):1711-8, 1995
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