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Orbital Venous Varix
Joshua E. Lantos, MD; H. Christian Davidson, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Synonyms

                • Distensible orbital venous malformation
              • Definitions

                • Low-flow venous malformation with systemic venous connection & dynamically distensible varix

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Ultrasonographic Findings

                      • Angiographic Findings

                        • Imaging Recommendations

                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                            PATHOLOGY

                            • General Features

                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                  • Microscopic Features

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                          • Treatment

                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                            • Consider

                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                Selected References

                                                1. Ma ST et al: Orbital compartment syndrome and irreversible blindness related to orbital varix thrombosis: a case report. J Emerg Med. 60(3):377-9, 2021
                                                2. Howells MS et al: Orbital varices. BMJ Case Rep. 12(12):e232887, 2019
                                                3. Madhavan AA et al: Imaging findings related to the Valsalva maneuver in head and neck radiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 40(12):1987-93, 2019
                                                4. Pappas A et al: Orbital venous varices: a rare bilateral asymptomatic presentation. Cureus. 10(9):e3302, 2018
                                                5. Vadlamudi V et al: Transvenous sclerotherapy of a large symptomatic orbital venous varix using a microcatheter balloon and bleomycin. J Neurointerv Surg. 8(8):e30, 2016
                                                6. Kiang L et al: Images in clinical medicine. Orbital varix. N Engl J Med. 372(7):e9, 2015
                                                7. Smoker WR et al: Vascular lesions of the orbit: more than meets the eye. Radiographics. 28(1):185-204, 2008
                                                8. Islam N et al: Orbital varices and orbital wall defects. Br J Ophthalmol. 88(8):1092-3, 2004
                                                9. Menon SV et al: Thrombosed orbital varix -- a correlation between imaging studies and histopathology. Orbit. 23(1):13-8, 2004
                                                10. Harris GJ: Orbital vascular malformations: a consensus statement on terminology and its clinical implications. Orbital Society. Am J Ophthalmol. 127(4):453-5, 1999
                                                11. Wright JE et al: Orbital venous anomalies. Ophthalmology. 104(6):905-13, 1997
                                                Related Anatomy
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                                                Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                                References
                                                Tables

                                                Tables

                                                KEY FACTS

                                                • Terminology

                                                  • Imaging

                                                    • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                      • Pathology

                                                        • Clinical Issues

                                                          • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                                            • Synonyms

                                                              • Distensible orbital venous malformation
                                                            • Definitions

                                                              • Low-flow venous malformation with systemic venous connection & dynamically distensible varix

                                                            IMAGING

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • CT Findings

                                                                • MR Findings

                                                                  • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                    • Angiographic Findings

                                                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                                          • General Features

                                                                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                                • Microscopic Features

                                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                          • Consider

                                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                              Selected References

                                                                                              1. Ma ST et al: Orbital compartment syndrome and irreversible blindness related to orbital varix thrombosis: a case report. J Emerg Med. 60(3):377-9, 2021
                                                                                              2. Howells MS et al: Orbital varices. BMJ Case Rep. 12(12):e232887, 2019
                                                                                              3. Madhavan AA et al: Imaging findings related to the Valsalva maneuver in head and neck radiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 40(12):1987-93, 2019
                                                                                              4. Pappas A et al: Orbital venous varices: a rare bilateral asymptomatic presentation. Cureus. 10(9):e3302, 2018
                                                                                              5. Vadlamudi V et al: Transvenous sclerotherapy of a large symptomatic orbital venous varix using a microcatheter balloon and bleomycin. J Neurointerv Surg. 8(8):e30, 2016
                                                                                              6. Kiang L et al: Images in clinical medicine. Orbital varix. N Engl J Med. 372(7):e9, 2015
                                                                                              7. Smoker WR et al: Vascular lesions of the orbit: more than meets the eye. Radiographics. 28(1):185-204, 2008
                                                                                              8. Islam N et al: Orbital varices and orbital wall defects. Br J Ophthalmol. 88(8):1092-3, 2004
                                                                                              9. Menon SV et al: Thrombosed orbital varix -- a correlation between imaging studies and histopathology. Orbit. 23(1):13-8, 2004
                                                                                              10. Harris GJ: Orbital vascular malformations: a consensus statement on terminology and its clinical implications. Orbital Society. Am J Ophthalmol. 127(4):453-5, 1999
                                                                                              11. Wright JE et al: Orbital venous anomalies. Ophthalmology. 104(6):905-13, 1997