Bookmarks
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Ossiculum terminale persistens
Definitions
- Persistence of unfused odontoid tip ossification center into adulthood
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Hedequist DJ et al: Os odontoideum in children. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 28(3):e100-7, 2020
- Hedequist DJ et al: Os odontoideum in children. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. ePub, 2019
- O'Brien WT Sr et al: The dens: normal development, developmental variants and anomalies, and traumatic injuries. J Clin Imaging Sci. 5:38, 2015
- Perdikakis E et al: The odontoid process: various configuration types in MR examinations. Eur Spine J. 23(5):1077-83, 2014
- Pang D et al: Embryology and bony malformations of the craniovertebral junction. Childs Nerv Syst. 27(4):523-64, 2011
- Viswanathan A et al: "Orthotopic" ossiculum terminale persistens and atlantoaxial instability in a child less than 12 years of age: a case report and review of the literature. Cases J. 2:8530, 2009
- Smoker WR et al: Imaging the craniocervical junction. Childs Nerv Syst. 24(10):1123-45, 2008
- Klimo P Jr et al: Congenital anomalies of the cervical spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 18(3):463-78, 2007
- Constantoyannis C et al: Atlantoaxial instability and myelopathy due to an ossiculum terminale persistens. Med Sci Monit. 10(10):CS63-7, 2004
- Liang CL et al: Atlantoaxial stability in ossiculum terminale. Case report. J Neurosurg. 95(1 Suppl):119-21, 2001
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Ossiculum terminale persistens
Definitions
- Persistence of unfused odontoid tip ossification center into adulthood
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Hedequist DJ et al: Os odontoideum in children. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 28(3):e100-7, 2020
- Hedequist DJ et al: Os odontoideum in children. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. ePub, 2019
- O'Brien WT Sr et al: The dens: normal development, developmental variants and anomalies, and traumatic injuries. J Clin Imaging Sci. 5:38, 2015
- Perdikakis E et al: The odontoid process: various configuration types in MR examinations. Eur Spine J. 23(5):1077-83, 2014
- Pang D et al: Embryology and bony malformations of the craniovertebral junction. Childs Nerv Syst. 27(4):523-64, 2011
- Viswanathan A et al: "Orthotopic" ossiculum terminale persistens and atlantoaxial instability in a child less than 12 years of age: a case report and review of the literature. Cases J. 2:8530, 2009
- Smoker WR et al: Imaging the craniocervical junction. Childs Nerv Syst. 24(10):1123-45, 2008
- Klimo P Jr et al: Congenital anomalies of the cervical spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 18(3):463-78, 2007
- Constantoyannis C et al: Atlantoaxial instability and myelopathy due to an ossiculum terminale persistens. Med Sci Monit. 10(10):CS63-7, 2004
- Liang CL et al: Atlantoaxial stability in ossiculum terminale. Case report. J Neurosurg. 95(1 Suppl):119-21, 2001
