Noninflammatory arthropathy with progressive asymmetric cartilage loss and hypertrophic change in bone
For ease of discussion, nonarthritic axial osseous hypertrophic change is included in this section
Spondylosis deformans: osteophyte production at anterior and lateral vertebral body, adjacent to endplate, arising from bone cortex
"Spondylosis deformans" term not favored by some due to complex sounding name for "osteophytes"
Baastrup disease: bony proliferation between closely apposed spinous processes with secondary inflammation
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Anaya JEC et al: Differential diagnosis of facet joint disorders. Radiographics. 41(2):543-58, 2021
Kwee RM et al: Imaging of facet joint diseases. Clin Imaging. 80:167-79, 2021
Tao Y et al: Radiographic cervical spine degenerative findings: a study on a large population from age 18 to 97 years. Eur Spine J. 30(2):431-43, 2021
Jarraya M et al: A longitudinal study of disc height narrowing and facet joint osteoarthritis at the thoracic and lumbar spine, evaluated by computed tomography: the Framingham study. Spine J. 18(11):2065-73, 2018
Kushchayev SV et al: ABCs of the degenerative spine. Insights Imaging. 9(2):253-74, 2018
Raastad J et al: The association between lumbar spine radiographic features and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 44(5):571-85, 2015
Maataoui A et al: Association between facet joint osteoarthritis and the Oswestry Disability Index. World J Radiol. 6(11):881-5, 2014
Vande Berg BC et al: Update on MR imaging of spondyloarthritis. part two: spine MR imaging. JBR-BTR. 97(4):228-32, 2014
Kwong Y et al: MDCT findings in Baastrup disease: disease or normal feature of the aging spine? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 196(5):1156-9, 2011
Battié MC et al: The Twin Spine Study: contributions to a changing view of disc degeneration. Spine J. 9(1):47-59, 2009
Carrino JA et al: Lumbar spine: reliability of MR imaging findings. Radiology. 250(1):161-70, 2009
Julien TP et al: Subchondral cysts of the atlantoaxial joint: a risk factor for odontoid fractures in the elderly. Spine J. 9(10):e1-4, 2009
Okada E et al: Aging of the cervical spine in healthy volunteers: a 10-year longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(7):706-12, 2009
Zhao J et al: MRI in degenerative arthritides: structural and clinical aspects. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1154:115-35, 2009
Dimar JR 2nd et al: Identification and surgical treatment of primary thoracic spinal stenosis. Am J Orthop. 37(11):564-8, 2008
Niemeläinen R et al: The prevalence and characteristics of thoracic magnetic resonance imaging findings in men. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 33(23):2552-9, 2008
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Osteoarthritis (OA)
Synonyms
Degenerative joint disease
Facet osteoarthropathy
Uncovertebral OA
Osteophytosis, spondylosis deformans
Definitions
Noninflammatory arthropathy with progressive asymmetric cartilage loss and hypertrophic change in bone
For ease of discussion, nonarthritic axial osseous hypertrophic change is included in this section
Spondylosis deformans: osteophyte production at anterior and lateral vertebral body, adjacent to endplate, arising from bone cortex
"Spondylosis deformans" term not favored by some due to complex sounding name for "osteophytes"
Baastrup disease: bony proliferation between closely apposed spinous processes with secondary inflammation
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Anaya JEC et al: Differential diagnosis of facet joint disorders. Radiographics. 41(2):543-58, 2021
Kwee RM et al: Imaging of facet joint diseases. Clin Imaging. 80:167-79, 2021
Tao Y et al: Radiographic cervical spine degenerative findings: a study on a large population from age 18 to 97 years. Eur Spine J. 30(2):431-43, 2021
Jarraya M et al: A longitudinal study of disc height narrowing and facet joint osteoarthritis at the thoracic and lumbar spine, evaluated by computed tomography: the Framingham study. Spine J. 18(11):2065-73, 2018
Kushchayev SV et al: ABCs of the degenerative spine. Insights Imaging. 9(2):253-74, 2018
Raastad J et al: The association between lumbar spine radiographic features and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 44(5):571-85, 2015
Maataoui A et al: Association between facet joint osteoarthritis and the Oswestry Disability Index. World J Radiol. 6(11):881-5, 2014
Vande Berg BC et al: Update on MR imaging of spondyloarthritis. part two: spine MR imaging. JBR-BTR. 97(4):228-32, 2014
Kwong Y et al: MDCT findings in Baastrup disease: disease or normal feature of the aging spine? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 196(5):1156-9, 2011
Battié MC et al: The Twin Spine Study: contributions to a changing view of disc degeneration. Spine J. 9(1):47-59, 2009
Carrino JA et al: Lumbar spine: reliability of MR imaging findings. Radiology. 250(1):161-70, 2009
Julien TP et al: Subchondral cysts of the atlantoaxial joint: a risk factor for odontoid fractures in the elderly. Spine J. 9(10):e1-4, 2009
Okada E et al: Aging of the cervical spine in healthy volunteers: a 10-year longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(7):706-12, 2009
Zhao J et al: MRI in degenerative arthritides: structural and clinical aspects. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1154:115-35, 2009
Dimar JR 2nd et al: Identification and surgical treatment of primary thoracic spinal stenosis. Am J Orthop. 37(11):564-8, 2008
Niemeläinen R et al: The prevalence and characteristics of thoracic magnetic resonance imaging findings in men. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 33(23):2552-9, 2008
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