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Osteoarthritis of Shoulder and Elbow
Eva M. Escobedo, MDB. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Abbreviations

          • Osteoarthritis (OA)
        • Synonyms

          • Degenerative joint disease (DJD), osteoarthrosis
        • Definitions

          • Degenerative arthritis characterized by progressive loss of cartilage
            • Resultant hypertrophic change in bone
          • Often specified as primary vs. secondary OA
            • Primary OA: DJD resulting from chronic microtrauma and aging
              • Shoulder and elbow not as predisposed to primary OA as hip, knee, interphalangeal joints, and 1st carpometacarpal joint
            • Secondary OA: DJD resulting from specific traumatic event, occupational/athletic stress factors and injuries, underlying morphology, infection/inflammation, or metabolic abnormality

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Radiographic Findings

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                        • Microscopic Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                    Selected References

                                    1. Ibounig T et al: Glenohumeral osteoarthritis: an overview of etiology and diagnostics. Scand J Surg. 110(3):441-51, 2021
                                    2. Kwak JM et al: Surgical management for primary osteoarthritis of the elbow. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 29(1):2309499020988174, 2021
                                    3. Lo L et al: Glenoid bony morphology of osteoarthritis prior to shoulder arthroplasty: what the surgeon wants to know and why. Skeletal Radiol. 50(5):88194, 2021
                                    4. Martinez-Catalan N et al: Primary elbow osteoarthritis: evaluation and management. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 19:67-74, 2021
                                    5. Matsen III, FA et al: Subluxation in the arthritic shoulder. JBJS Reviews. 9(9):e21.00102, 2021. https://journals.lww.com/jbjsreviews/Fulltext/2021/09000/Subluxation_in_the_Arthritic_Shoulder.14.aspx
                                    6. Desmoineaux P et al: Arthroscopic treatment of elbow osteoarthritis. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 105(8S):S235-40, 2019
                                    7. Kwak JM et al: Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the computed tomography-based radiographic classification of primary elbow osteoarthritis: comparison with plain radiograph-based classification and clinical assessment. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 27(7):1057-63, 2019
                                    8. Lenoir H et al: Can preoperative imaging predict the outcomes after arthroscopic release for elbow arthritis? Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 105(8S):S229-34, 2019
                                    9. Spahn G et al: Risk factors for cartilage damage and osteoarthritis of the elbow joint: case-control study and systematic literature review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 137(4):557-66, 2017
                                    10. Casagrande D et al: Identification of shoulder osteoarthritis biomarkers: comparison between shoulders with and without osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(3):382-90, 2015
                                    11. Skelley NW et al: Arthroscopic debridement and capsular release for the treatment of shoulder osteoarthritis. Arthroscopy. 31(3):494-500, 2015
                                    12. Steen BM et al: Outcome and value of reverse shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis: a matched cohort. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(9):1433-41, 2015
                                    13. Kawanishi Y et al: The association between cubital tunnel morphology and ulnar neuropathy in patients with elbow osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 23(7):938-45, 2014
                                    14. Millett PJ et al: An association between the inferior humeral head osteophyte and teres minor fatty infiltration: evidence for axillary nerve entrapment in glenohumeral osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 22(2):215-21, 2013
                                    15. Fevang BT et al: Risk factors for revision after shoulder arthroplasty: 1,825 shoulder arthroplasties from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. Acta Orthop. 80(1):83-91, 2009
                                    16. Kircher J et al: Osteochondral autologous transplantation for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects of the shoulder: results at nine years. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 91(4):499-503, 2009
                                    17. Gallo RA et al: Surgical options for the arthritic elbow. J Hand Surg [Am]. 33(5):746-59, 2008
                                    18. Merolla G et al: Endoscopic approach to cubital tunnel syndrome. J Neurosurg Sci. 52(3):93-8, 2008
                                    19. Miranda H et al: Physical work and chronic shoulder disorder. Results of a prospective population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis. 67(2):218-23, 2008
                                    20. Reineck JR et al: Early glenohumeral arthritis in the competing athlete. Clin Sports Med. 27(4):803-19, 2008
                                    21. Ruckstuhl H et al: Post-traumatic glenohumeral cartilage lesions: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 9:107, 2008
                                    Related Anatomy
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                                    Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                    References
                                    Tables

                                    Tables

                                    KEY FACTS

                                    • Terminology

                                      • Imaging

                                        • Pathology

                                          TERMINOLOGY

                                          • Abbreviations

                                            • Osteoarthritis (OA)
                                          • Synonyms

                                            • Degenerative joint disease (DJD), osteoarthrosis
                                          • Definitions

                                            • Degenerative arthritis characterized by progressive loss of cartilage
                                              • Resultant hypertrophic change in bone
                                            • Often specified as primary vs. secondary OA
                                              • Primary OA: DJD resulting from chronic microtrauma and aging
                                                • Shoulder and elbow not as predisposed to primary OA as hip, knee, interphalangeal joints, and 1st carpometacarpal joint
                                              • Secondary OA: DJD resulting from specific traumatic event, occupational/athletic stress factors and injuries, underlying morphology, infection/inflammation, or metabolic abnormality

                                          IMAGING

                                          • General Features

                                            • Radiographic Findings

                                              • CT Findings

                                                • MR Findings

                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                          • Microscopic Features

                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                            • Presentation

                                                              • Demographics

                                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                  • Treatment

                                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                      Selected References

                                                                      1. Ibounig T et al: Glenohumeral osteoarthritis: an overview of etiology and diagnostics. Scand J Surg. 110(3):441-51, 2021
                                                                      2. Kwak JM et al: Surgical management for primary osteoarthritis of the elbow. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 29(1):2309499020988174, 2021
                                                                      3. Lo L et al: Glenoid bony morphology of osteoarthritis prior to shoulder arthroplasty: what the surgeon wants to know and why. Skeletal Radiol. 50(5):88194, 2021
                                                                      4. Martinez-Catalan N et al: Primary elbow osteoarthritis: evaluation and management. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 19:67-74, 2021
                                                                      5. Matsen III, FA et al: Subluxation in the arthritic shoulder. JBJS Reviews. 9(9):e21.00102, 2021. https://journals.lww.com/jbjsreviews/Fulltext/2021/09000/Subluxation_in_the_Arthritic_Shoulder.14.aspx
                                                                      6. Desmoineaux P et al: Arthroscopic treatment of elbow osteoarthritis. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 105(8S):S235-40, 2019
                                                                      7. Kwak JM et al: Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the computed tomography-based radiographic classification of primary elbow osteoarthritis: comparison with plain radiograph-based classification and clinical assessment. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 27(7):1057-63, 2019
                                                                      8. Lenoir H et al: Can preoperative imaging predict the outcomes after arthroscopic release for elbow arthritis? Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 105(8S):S229-34, 2019
                                                                      9. Spahn G et al: Risk factors for cartilage damage and osteoarthritis of the elbow joint: case-control study and systematic literature review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 137(4):557-66, 2017
                                                                      10. Casagrande D et al: Identification of shoulder osteoarthritis biomarkers: comparison between shoulders with and without osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(3):382-90, 2015
                                                                      11. Skelley NW et al: Arthroscopic debridement and capsular release for the treatment of shoulder osteoarthritis. Arthroscopy. 31(3):494-500, 2015
                                                                      12. Steen BM et al: Outcome and value of reverse shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis: a matched cohort. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(9):1433-41, 2015
                                                                      13. Kawanishi Y et al: The association between cubital tunnel morphology and ulnar neuropathy in patients with elbow osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 23(7):938-45, 2014
                                                                      14. Millett PJ et al: An association between the inferior humeral head osteophyte and teres minor fatty infiltration: evidence for axillary nerve entrapment in glenohumeral osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 22(2):215-21, 2013
                                                                      15. Fevang BT et al: Risk factors for revision after shoulder arthroplasty: 1,825 shoulder arthroplasties from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register. Acta Orthop. 80(1):83-91, 2009
                                                                      16. Kircher J et al: Osteochondral autologous transplantation for the treatment of full-thickness cartilage defects of the shoulder: results at nine years. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 91(4):499-503, 2009
                                                                      17. Gallo RA et al: Surgical options for the arthritic elbow. J Hand Surg [Am]. 33(5):746-59, 2008
                                                                      18. Merolla G et al: Endoscopic approach to cubital tunnel syndrome. J Neurosurg Sci. 52(3):93-8, 2008
                                                                      19. Miranda H et al: Physical work and chronic shoulder disorder. Results of a prospective population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis. 67(2):218-23, 2008
                                                                      20. Reineck JR et al: Early glenohumeral arthritis in the competing athlete. Clin Sports Med. 27(4):803-19, 2008
                                                                      21. Ruckstuhl H et al: Post-traumatic glenohumeral cartilage lesions: a systematic review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 9:107, 2008