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Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
Non-Trauma
Bone Tumors and Tumor-Like Conditions
Bone-Forming Tumors
Osteoma
Osteoma
Behrang Amini, MD, PhD; B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Not recommended: surface osteoma, parosteal osteoma, ivory osteoma, ivory exostosis, hamartoma of bone, torus palatinus/mandibularis

          • Definitions

            • Benign surface tumor that forms mature, well-differentiated bone

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Radiographic Findings

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Baumhoer D et al. Osteoma. In Fletcher CDM et al: WHO Classification of Tumours: Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 391-3, 2020
                                      2. Agrawal D et al: External manifestations of Gardner's syndrome as the presenting clinical entity. BMJ Case Rep, 2014
                                      3. Hansford BG et al: Osteoma of long bone: an expanding spectrum of imaging findings. Skeletal Radiol. 44(5):755-61, 2014
                                      4. Castelnuovo P et al: Open surgery versus endoscopic surgery in benign neoplasm involving the frontal sinus. J Craniofac Surg. 20(1):180-3, 2009
                                      5. de Oliveira Ribas M et al: Oral and maxillofacial manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis (Gardner's syndrome): a report of two cases. J Contemp Dent Pract. 10(1):82-90, 2009
                                      6. Jack LS et al: Frontal sinus osteoma presenting with orbital emphysema. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 25(2):155-7, 2009
                                      7. Lee BD et al: A case report of Gardner syndrome with hereditary widespread osteomatous jaw lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 107(3):e68-72, 2009
                                      8. Lee DL et al: Lingual osteoma: case report and literature review. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 135(3):308-10, 2009
                                      9. Chen CY et al: Sphenoid sinus osteoma at the sella turcica associated with empty sella: CT and MR imaging findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(3):550-1, 2008
                                      10. Larrea-Oyarbide N et al: Osteomas of the craniofacial region. Review of 106 cases. J Oral Pathol Med. 37(1):38-42, 2008
                                      11. Secer HI et al: Surgical management and outcome of large orbitocranial osteomas. J Neurosurg. 109(3):472-7, 2008
                                      12. Ye J et al: Osteoma of anterior cranial fossa complicated by intracranial mucocele with emphasis on its radiological diagnosis. Neurol India. 56(1):79-80, 2008
                                      13. Yiotakis I et al: Resection of giant ethmoid osteoma with orbital and skull base extension followed by duraplasty. World J Surg Oncol. 6:110, 2008
                                      14. Alexander AA et al: Paranasal sinus osteomas and Gardner's syndrome. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 116(9):658-62, 2007
                                      15. Barbosa VC et al: Osteoma of the middle ear. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 73(5):719, 2007
                                      16. Sundaram M et al: Surface osteomas of the appendicular skeleton. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 167(6):1529-33, 1996
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                            • Pathology

                                              TERMINOLOGY

                                              • Synonyms

                                                • Not recommended: surface osteoma, parosteal osteoma, ivory osteoma, ivory exostosis, hamartoma of bone, torus palatinus/mandibularis

                                              • Definitions

                                                • Benign surface tumor that forms mature, well-differentiated bone

                                              IMAGING

                                              • General Features

                                                • Radiographic Findings

                                                  • CT Findings

                                                    • MR Findings

                                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                              • Microscopic Features

                                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                • Presentation

                                                                  • Demographics

                                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                      • Treatment

                                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                        • Consider

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Baumhoer D et al. Osteoma. In Fletcher CDM et al: WHO Classification of Tumours: Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 391-3, 2020
                                                                          2. Agrawal D et al: External manifestations of Gardner's syndrome as the presenting clinical entity. BMJ Case Rep, 2014
                                                                          3. Hansford BG et al: Osteoma of long bone: an expanding spectrum of imaging findings. Skeletal Radiol. 44(5):755-61, 2014
                                                                          4. Castelnuovo P et al: Open surgery versus endoscopic surgery in benign neoplasm involving the frontal sinus. J Craniofac Surg. 20(1):180-3, 2009
                                                                          5. de Oliveira Ribas M et al: Oral and maxillofacial manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis (Gardner's syndrome): a report of two cases. J Contemp Dent Pract. 10(1):82-90, 2009
                                                                          6. Jack LS et al: Frontal sinus osteoma presenting with orbital emphysema. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 25(2):155-7, 2009
                                                                          7. Lee BD et al: A case report of Gardner syndrome with hereditary widespread osteomatous jaw lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 107(3):e68-72, 2009
                                                                          8. Lee DL et al: Lingual osteoma: case report and literature review. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 135(3):308-10, 2009
                                                                          9. Chen CY et al: Sphenoid sinus osteoma at the sella turcica associated with empty sella: CT and MR imaging findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(3):550-1, 2008
                                                                          10. Larrea-Oyarbide N et al: Osteomas of the craniofacial region. Review of 106 cases. J Oral Pathol Med. 37(1):38-42, 2008
                                                                          11. Secer HI et al: Surgical management and outcome of large orbitocranial osteomas. J Neurosurg. 109(3):472-7, 2008
                                                                          12. Ye J et al: Osteoma of anterior cranial fossa complicated by intracranial mucocele with emphasis on its radiological diagnosis. Neurol India. 56(1):79-80, 2008
                                                                          13. Yiotakis I et al: Resection of giant ethmoid osteoma with orbital and skull base extension followed by duraplasty. World J Surg Oncol. 6:110, 2008
                                                                          14. Alexander AA et al: Paranasal sinus osteomas and Gardner's syndrome. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 116(9):658-62, 2007
                                                                          15. Barbosa VC et al: Osteoma of the middle ear. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 73(5):719, 2007
                                                                          16. Sundaram M et al: Surface osteomas of the appendicular skeleton. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 167(6):1529-33, 1996