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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Secondary (metastatic) neoplasms to ovary
- Krukenberg tumor
- Subtype of metastatic tumors that contain > 10% mucin-filled signet cells in cellular stroma
- Usually from gastrointestinal tract, with 76% arising from stomach
- Krukenberg tumor is sometimes used inappropriately by some to include all metastatic ovarian carcinomas
- High-stage mucinous tumors involving ovary frequently represent metastases from extraovarian primary sites and are often misdiagnosed as primary ovarian mucinous tumors
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Jeung YJ et al: Krukenberg tumors of gastric origin versus colorectal origin. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 58(1):32-9, 2015
- Nakamura Y et al: A Krukenberg Tumor from an Occult Intramucosal Gastric Carcinoma Identified during an Autopsy. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2014:797429, 2014
- Alvarado-Cabrero I et al: Metastatic ovarian tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 150 cases. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 35(5):241-8, 2013
- La Fianza A et al: Intralesional hemorrhage in Krukenberg tumor: a case report and review of the literature. J Ultrasound. 16(2):89-91, 2013
- Guerriero S et al: Preoperative diagnosis of metastatic ovarian cancer is related to origin of primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 39(5):581-6, 2012
- Ho L et al: Bilateral ovarian metastases from gastric carcinoma on FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 37(5):524-7, 2012
- Willmott F et al: Radiological manifestations of metastasis to the ovary. J Clin Pathol. 65(7):585-90, 2012
- Kitajima K et al: FDG PET/CT features of ovarian metastasis. Clin Radiol. 66(3):264-8, 2011
- Maeda-Taniguchi M et al: Metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is characterized by advanced patient age, small tumor size, and elevated serum CA125. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 72(3):196-202, 2011
- Soslow RA: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma: slippery business. Cancer. 117(3):451-3, 2011
- Zaino RJ et al: Advanced stage mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is both rare and highly lethal: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer. 117(3):554-62, 2011
- Abe Y et al: A case of metastatic malignant melanoma of the ovary with a multilocular cystic appearance on MR imaging. Jpn J Radiol. 27(10):458-61, 2009
- de Waal YR et al: Secondary ovarian malignancies: frequency, origin, and characteristics. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 19(7):1160-5, 2009
- Koyama T et al: Secondary ovarian tumors: spectrum of CT and MR features with pathologic correlation. Abdom Imaging. 32(6):784-95, 2007
- Testa AC et al: Imaging in gynecological disease (1): ultrasound features of metastases in the ovaries differ depending on the origin of the primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29(5):505-11, 2007
- Chang WC et al: CT and MRI of adnexal masses in patients with primary nonovarian malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 186(4):1039-45, 2006
- Khunamornpong S et al: Primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary: Evaluation of the diagnostic approach using tumor size and laterality. Gynecol Oncol. 101(1):152-7, 2006
- Kiyokawa T et al: Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 120 cases with emphasis on their variable pathologic manifestations. Am J Surg Pathol. 30(3):277-99, 2006
- Alcazar JL et al: Transvaginal gray scale and color Doppler sonography in primary ovarian cancer and metastatic tumors to the ovary. J Ultrasound Med. 22(3):243-7, 2003
- Jung SE et al: CT and MR imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 22(6):1305-25, 2002
- Brown DL et al: Primary versus secondary ovarian malignancy: imaging findings of adnexal masses in the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group Study. Radiology. 219(1):213-8, 2001
- Hann LE et al: Adnexal masses in women with breast cancer: US findings with clinical and histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 216(1):242-7, 2000
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Secondary (metastatic) neoplasms to ovary
- Krukenberg tumor
- Subtype of metastatic tumors that contain > 10% mucin-filled signet cells in cellular stroma
- Usually from gastrointestinal tract, with 76% arising from stomach
- Krukenberg tumor is sometimes used inappropriately by some to include all metastatic ovarian carcinomas
- High-stage mucinous tumors involving ovary frequently represent metastases from extraovarian primary sites and are often misdiagnosed as primary ovarian mucinous tumors
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Jeung YJ et al: Krukenberg tumors of gastric origin versus colorectal origin. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 58(1):32-9, 2015
- Nakamura Y et al: A Krukenberg Tumor from an Occult Intramucosal Gastric Carcinoma Identified during an Autopsy. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2014:797429, 2014
- Alvarado-Cabrero I et al: Metastatic ovarian tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 150 cases. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 35(5):241-8, 2013
- La Fianza A et al: Intralesional hemorrhage in Krukenberg tumor: a case report and review of the literature. J Ultrasound. 16(2):89-91, 2013
- Guerriero S et al: Preoperative diagnosis of metastatic ovarian cancer is related to origin of primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 39(5):581-6, 2012
- Ho L et al: Bilateral ovarian metastases from gastric carcinoma on FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 37(5):524-7, 2012
- Willmott F et al: Radiological manifestations of metastasis to the ovary. J Clin Pathol. 65(7):585-90, 2012
- Kitajima K et al: FDG PET/CT features of ovarian metastasis. Clin Radiol. 66(3):264-8, 2011
- Maeda-Taniguchi M et al: Metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is characterized by advanced patient age, small tumor size, and elevated serum CA125. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 72(3):196-202, 2011
- Soslow RA: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma: slippery business. Cancer. 117(3):451-3, 2011
- Zaino RJ et al: Advanced stage mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is both rare and highly lethal: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer. 117(3):554-62, 2011
- Abe Y et al: A case of metastatic malignant melanoma of the ovary with a multilocular cystic appearance on MR imaging. Jpn J Radiol. 27(10):458-61, 2009
- de Waal YR et al: Secondary ovarian malignancies: frequency, origin, and characteristics. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 19(7):1160-5, 2009
- Koyama T et al: Secondary ovarian tumors: spectrum of CT and MR features with pathologic correlation. Abdom Imaging. 32(6):784-95, 2007
- Testa AC et al: Imaging in gynecological disease (1): ultrasound features of metastases in the ovaries differ depending on the origin of the primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29(5):505-11, 2007
- Chang WC et al: CT and MRI of adnexal masses in patients with primary nonovarian malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 186(4):1039-45, 2006
- Khunamornpong S et al: Primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary: Evaluation of the diagnostic approach using tumor size and laterality. Gynecol Oncol. 101(1):152-7, 2006
- Kiyokawa T et al: Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 120 cases with emphasis on their variable pathologic manifestations. Am J Surg Pathol. 30(3):277-99, 2006
- Alcazar JL et al: Transvaginal gray scale and color Doppler sonography in primary ovarian cancer and metastatic tumors to the ovary. J Ultrasound Med. 22(3):243-7, 2003
- Jung SE et al: CT and MR imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 22(6):1305-25, 2002
- Brown DL et al: Primary versus secondary ovarian malignancy: imaging findings of adnexal masses in the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group Study. Radiology. 219(1):213-8, 2001
- Hann LE et al: Adnexal masses in women with breast cancer: US findings with clinical and histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 216(1):242-7, 2000
