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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Secondary (metastatic) neoplasms to ovary
Krukenberg tumor
Subtype of metastatic tumors that contain > 10% mucin-filled signet cells in cellular stroma
Usually from gastrointestinal tract, with 76% arising from stomach
Krukenberg tumor is sometimes used inappropriately by some to include all metastatic ovarian carcinomas
High-stage mucinous tumors involving ovary frequently represent metastases from extraovarian primary sites and are often misdiagnosed as primary ovarian mucinous tumors
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Jeung YJ et al: Krukenberg tumors of gastric origin versus colorectal origin. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 58(1):32-9, 2015
Nakamura Y et al: A Krukenberg Tumor from an Occult Intramucosal Gastric Carcinoma Identified during an Autopsy. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2014:797429, 2014
Alvarado-Cabrero I et al: Metastatic ovarian tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 150 cases. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 35(5):241-8, 2013
La Fianza A et al: Intralesional hemorrhage in Krukenberg tumor: a case report and review of the literature. J Ultrasound. 16(2):89-91, 2013
Guerriero S et al: Preoperative diagnosis of metastatic ovarian cancer is related to origin of primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 39(5):581-6, 2012
Ho L et al: Bilateral ovarian metastases from gastric carcinoma on FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 37(5):524-7, 2012
Willmott F et al: Radiological manifestations of metastasis to the ovary. J Clin Pathol. 65(7):585-90, 2012
Kitajima K et al: FDG PET/CT features of ovarian metastasis. Clin Radiol. 66(3):264-8, 2011
Maeda-Taniguchi M et al: Metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is characterized by advanced patient age, small tumor size, and elevated serum CA125. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 72(3):196-202, 2011
Zaino RJ et al: Advanced stage mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is both rare and highly lethal: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer. 117(3):554-62, 2011
Abe Y et al: A case of metastatic malignant melanoma of the ovary with a multilocular cystic appearance on MR imaging. Jpn J Radiol. 27(10):458-61, 2009
de Waal YR et al: Secondary ovarian malignancies: frequency, origin, and characteristics. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 19(7):1160-5, 2009
Koyama T et al: Secondary ovarian tumors: spectrum of CT and MR features with pathologic correlation. Abdom Imaging. 32(6):784-95, 2007
Testa AC et al: Imaging in gynecological disease (1): ultrasound features of metastases in the ovaries differ depending on the origin of the primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29(5):505-11, 2007
Chang WC et al: CT and MRI of adnexal masses in patients with primary nonovarian malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 186(4):1039-45, 2006
Khunamornpong S et al: Primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary: Evaluation of the diagnostic approach using tumor size and laterality. Gynecol Oncol. 101(1):152-7, 2006
Kiyokawa T et al: Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 120 cases with emphasis on their variable pathologic manifestations. Am J Surg Pathol. 30(3):277-99, 2006
Alcazar JL et al: Transvaginal gray scale and color Doppler sonography in primary ovarian cancer and metastatic tumors to the ovary. J Ultrasound Med. 22(3):243-7, 2003
Jung SE et al: CT and MR imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 22(6):1305-25, 2002
Brown DL et al: Primary versus secondary ovarian malignancy: imaging findings of adnexal masses in the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group Study. Radiology. 219(1):213-8, 2001
Hann LE et al: Adnexal masses in women with breast cancer: US findings with clinical and histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 216(1):242-7, 2000
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Secondary (metastatic) neoplasms to ovary
Krukenberg tumor
Subtype of metastatic tumors that contain > 10% mucin-filled signet cells in cellular stroma
Usually from gastrointestinal tract, with 76% arising from stomach
Krukenberg tumor is sometimes used inappropriately by some to include all metastatic ovarian carcinomas
High-stage mucinous tumors involving ovary frequently represent metastases from extraovarian primary sites and are often misdiagnosed as primary ovarian mucinous tumors
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Jeung YJ et al: Krukenberg tumors of gastric origin versus colorectal origin. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 58(1):32-9, 2015
Nakamura Y et al: A Krukenberg Tumor from an Occult Intramucosal Gastric Carcinoma Identified during an Autopsy. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2014:797429, 2014
Alvarado-Cabrero I et al: Metastatic ovarian tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 150 cases. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 35(5):241-8, 2013
La Fianza A et al: Intralesional hemorrhage in Krukenberg tumor: a case report and review of the literature. J Ultrasound. 16(2):89-91, 2013
Guerriero S et al: Preoperative diagnosis of metastatic ovarian cancer is related to origin of primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 39(5):581-6, 2012
Ho L et al: Bilateral ovarian metastases from gastric carcinoma on FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 37(5):524-7, 2012
Willmott F et al: Radiological manifestations of metastasis to the ovary. J Clin Pathol. 65(7):585-90, 2012
Kitajima K et al: FDG PET/CT features of ovarian metastasis. Clin Radiol. 66(3):264-8, 2011
Maeda-Taniguchi M et al: Metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is characterized by advanced patient age, small tumor size, and elevated serum CA125. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 72(3):196-202, 2011
Zaino RJ et al: Advanced stage mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is both rare and highly lethal: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer. 117(3):554-62, 2011
Abe Y et al: A case of metastatic malignant melanoma of the ovary with a multilocular cystic appearance on MR imaging. Jpn J Radiol. 27(10):458-61, 2009
de Waal YR et al: Secondary ovarian malignancies: frequency, origin, and characteristics. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 19(7):1160-5, 2009
Koyama T et al: Secondary ovarian tumors: spectrum of CT and MR features with pathologic correlation. Abdom Imaging. 32(6):784-95, 2007
Testa AC et al: Imaging in gynecological disease (1): ultrasound features of metastases in the ovaries differ depending on the origin of the primary tumor. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29(5):505-11, 2007
Chang WC et al: CT and MRI of adnexal masses in patients with primary nonovarian malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 186(4):1039-45, 2006
Khunamornpong S et al: Primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary: Evaluation of the diagnostic approach using tumor size and laterality. Gynecol Oncol. 101(1):152-7, 2006
Kiyokawa T et al: Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 120 cases with emphasis on their variable pathologic manifestations. Am J Surg Pathol. 30(3):277-99, 2006
Alcazar JL et al: Transvaginal gray scale and color Doppler sonography in primary ovarian cancer and metastatic tumors to the ovary. J Ultrasound Med. 22(3):243-7, 2003
Jung SE et al: CT and MR imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 22(6):1305-25, 2002
Brown DL et al: Primary versus secondary ovarian malignancy: imaging findings of adnexal masses in the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group Study. Radiology. 219(1):213-8, 2001
Hann LE et al: Adnexal masses in women with breast cancer: US findings with clinical and histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 216(1):242-7, 2000
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