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Ovarian Teratoma
Priyanka Jha, MBBS
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Synonyms

                • Dermoid cyst
              • Definitions

                • Ovarian teratoma includes
                  • Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) = dermoid cyst
                  • Immature teratoma (IT)
                  • Monodermal teratoma in which 1 cell line predominates
                    • Neuroectodermal tumors (most common monodermal teratoma)
                    • Struma ovarii
                    • Carcinoid tumor

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                    • Radiographic Findings

                      • CT Findings

                        • MR Findings

                          • Imaging Recommendations

                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                              PATHOLOGY

                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                • Microscopic Features

                                  • Genetics

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                          • Treatment

                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                            • Consider

                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                Selected References

                                                1. Saida T et al: Ovarian and non-ovarian teratomas: a wide spectrum of features. Jpn J Radiol. 39(2):143-58, 2021
                                                2. Saleh M et al: Ovarian teratomas: clinical features, imaging findings and management. Abdom Radiol (NY). ePub, 2021
                                                3. Strachowski LM et al: O-RADS ultrasound: a user's guide, from the AJR Special Series on Radiology Reporting and Data Systems. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(5):1150-65, 2021
                                                4. Taylor EC et al: Multimodality imaging approach to ovarian neoplasms with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 41(1):289-315, 2021
                                                5. Abdullahi Idle S et al: Ultrasound features of immature ovarian teratomas: case series and review of literature. Ultrasound. 28(2):82-90, 2020
                                                6. Anderson D et al: Oophorectomy in NMDA receptor encephalitis and negative pelvic imaging. Pract Neurol. ePub, 2020
                                                7. Hanafy AK et al: Imaging in pediatric ovarian tumors. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(2):520-36, 2020
                                                8. Hernandez-Nieto C et al: Conservative treatment versus surgical excision of ovarian dermoid cysts: impact on ovarian stimulation and IVF cycle success. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 148(3):392-8, 2020
                                                9. Adnexal Torsion in Adolescents: ACOG Committee Opinion No, 783. Obstet Gynecol. 134(2):e56-63, 2019
                                                10. Agostinho L et al: Benign ovarian lesions with restricted diffusion. Radiol Bras. 52(2):106-11, 2019
                                                11. Srisajjakul S et al: Imaging features of unusual lesions and complications associated with ovarian mature cystic teratoma. Clin Imaging. 57:115-23, 2019
                                                12. Şahin H et al: Utility of the "floating ball sign" in diagnosis of ovarian cystic teratoma. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 16(2):118-23, 2019
                                                13. Andreotti RF et al: Ovarian-adnexal reporting lexicon for ultrasound: a white paper of the ACR Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(10):1415-29, 2018
                                                14. Young RH: Ovarian tumors and tumor-like lesions in the first three decades. Semin Diagn Pathol. 31(5):382-426, 2014
                                                15. Baser E et al: Adnexal masses encountered during cesarean delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 123(2):124-6, 2013
                                                16. Hursitoglu BS et al: A clinico-pathological evaluation of 194 patients with ovarian teratoma: 7-year experience in a single center. Ginekol Pol. 84(2):108-11, 2013
                                                17. Yun NR et al: Squamous cell carcinoma arising in an ovarian mature cystic teratoma complicating pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 56(2):121-5, 2013
                                                18. Fossey SJ et al: Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis secondary to dermoid cyst rupture: a case report. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 93(5):e39-40, 2011
                                                19. Shah RU et al: Imaging of pediatric pelvic neoplasms. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(4):729-48, vi, 2011
                                                20. Saba L et al: Mature and immature ovarian teratomas: CT, US and MR imaging characteristics. Eur J Radiol. 72(3):454-63, 2009
                                                21. Maiti S et al: Ruptured ovarian cystic teratoma in pregnancy with diffuse peritoneal reaction mimicking advanced ovarian malignancy: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2:203, 2008
                                                22. Outwater EK et al: Ovarian teratomas: tumor types and imaging characteristics. Radiographics. 21(2):475-90, 2001
                                                23. Outwater EK et al: Imaging of the ovary and adnexa: clinical issues and applications of MR imaging. Radiology. 194(1):1-18, 1995
                                                Related Anatomy
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                                                Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                                References
                                                Tables

                                                Tables

                                                KEY FACTS

                                                • Terminology

                                                  • Imaging

                                                    • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                      • Pathology

                                                        • Clinical Issues

                                                          • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                                            • Synonyms

                                                              • Dermoid cyst
                                                            • Definitions

                                                              • Ovarian teratoma includes
                                                                • Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) = dermoid cyst
                                                                • Immature teratoma (IT)
                                                                • Monodermal teratoma in which 1 cell line predominates
                                                                  • Neuroectodermal tumors (most common monodermal teratoma)
                                                                  • Struma ovarii
                                                                  • Carcinoid tumor

                                                            IMAGING

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                  • Radiographic Findings

                                                                    • CT Findings

                                                                      • MR Findings

                                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                            PATHOLOGY

                                                                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                              • Microscopic Features

                                                                                • Genetics

                                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                          • Consider

                                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                              Selected References

                                                                                              1. Saida T et al: Ovarian and non-ovarian teratomas: a wide spectrum of features. Jpn J Radiol. 39(2):143-58, 2021
                                                                                              2. Saleh M et al: Ovarian teratomas: clinical features, imaging findings and management. Abdom Radiol (NY). ePub, 2021
                                                                                              3. Strachowski LM et al: O-RADS ultrasound: a user's guide, from the AJR Special Series on Radiology Reporting and Data Systems. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(5):1150-65, 2021
                                                                                              4. Taylor EC et al: Multimodality imaging approach to ovarian neoplasms with pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 41(1):289-315, 2021
                                                                                              5. Abdullahi Idle S et al: Ultrasound features of immature ovarian teratomas: case series and review of literature. Ultrasound. 28(2):82-90, 2020
                                                                                              6. Anderson D et al: Oophorectomy in NMDA receptor encephalitis and negative pelvic imaging. Pract Neurol. ePub, 2020
                                                                                              7. Hanafy AK et al: Imaging in pediatric ovarian tumors. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(2):520-36, 2020
                                                                                              8. Hernandez-Nieto C et al: Conservative treatment versus surgical excision of ovarian dermoid cysts: impact on ovarian stimulation and IVF cycle success. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 148(3):392-8, 2020
                                                                                              9. Adnexal Torsion in Adolescents: ACOG Committee Opinion No, 783. Obstet Gynecol. 134(2):e56-63, 2019
                                                                                              10. Agostinho L et al: Benign ovarian lesions with restricted diffusion. Radiol Bras. 52(2):106-11, 2019
                                                                                              11. Srisajjakul S et al: Imaging features of unusual lesions and complications associated with ovarian mature cystic teratoma. Clin Imaging. 57:115-23, 2019
                                                                                              12. Şahin H et al: Utility of the "floating ball sign" in diagnosis of ovarian cystic teratoma. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 16(2):118-23, 2019
                                                                                              13. Andreotti RF et al: Ovarian-adnexal reporting lexicon for ultrasound: a white paper of the ACR Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(10):1415-29, 2018
                                                                                              14. Young RH: Ovarian tumors and tumor-like lesions in the first three decades. Semin Diagn Pathol. 31(5):382-426, 2014
                                                                                              15. Baser E et al: Adnexal masses encountered during cesarean delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 123(2):124-6, 2013
                                                                                              16. Hursitoglu BS et al: A clinico-pathological evaluation of 194 patients with ovarian teratoma: 7-year experience in a single center. Ginekol Pol. 84(2):108-11, 2013
                                                                                              17. Yun NR et al: Squamous cell carcinoma arising in an ovarian mature cystic teratoma complicating pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 56(2):121-5, 2013
                                                                                              18. Fossey SJ et al: Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis secondary to dermoid cyst rupture: a case report. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 93(5):e39-40, 2011
                                                                                              19. Shah RU et al: Imaging of pediatric pelvic neoplasms. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(4):729-48, vi, 2011
                                                                                              20. Saba L et al: Mature and immature ovarian teratomas: CT, US and MR imaging characteristics. Eur J Radiol. 72(3):454-63, 2009
                                                                                              21. Maiti S et al: Ruptured ovarian cystic teratoma in pregnancy with diffuse peritoneal reaction mimicking advanced ovarian malignancy: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2:203, 2008
                                                                                              22. Outwater EK et al: Ovarian teratomas: tumor types and imaging characteristics. Radiographics. 21(2):475-90, 2001
                                                                                              23. Outwater EK et al: Imaging of the ovary and adnexa: clinical issues and applications of MR imaging. Radiology. 194(1):1-18, 1995