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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer
Definitions
- Malignancy arising from ductal epithelium of exocrine pancreas
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Radiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Gaskill CE et al: History of preoperative therapy for pancreatic cancer and the MD Anderson experience. J Surg Oncol. 123(6):1414-22, 2021
- Gong XH et al: Atypical and uncommon CT and MR imaging presentations of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY). ePub, 2021
- Kato H et al: Essential updates 2019/2020: multimodal treatment of localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma: current topics and updates in survival outcomes and prognostic factors. Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 5(2):132-51, 2021
- Khristenko E et al: Preoperative CT-based detection of extrapancreatic perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep. 11(1):1800, 2021
- Nehlsen AD et al: Controversies in radiotherapy for pancreas cancer. J Surg Oncol. 123(6):1460-6, 2021
- Park SJ et al: Preoperative assessment of the resectability of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma on CT according to the NCCN Guidelines focusing on SMA/SMV branch invasion. Eur Radiol. ePub, 2021
- Arnone A et al: Clinical Impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic workup of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review. Diagnostics (Basel). 10(12), 2020
- Haj-Mirzaian A et al: Pitfalls in the MDCT of pancreatic cancer: strategies for minimizing errors. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(2):457-78, 2020
- Harrington KA et al: MRI of the pancreas. J Magn Reson Imaging. 53(2):347-59, 2020
- Kulkarni NM et al: White paper on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from society of abdominal radiology's disease-focused panel for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Part II, update on imaging techniques and screening of pancreatic cancer in high-risk individuals. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(3):729-42, 2020
- Kulkarni NM et al: White paper on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from society of abdominal radiology's disease-focused panel for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Part I, AJCC staging system, NCCN guidelines, and borderline resectable disease. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(3):716-28, 2020
- Lee JW et al: Impact of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and PET/MRI on initial staging and changes in management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Diagnostics (Basel). 10(11), 2020
- Rhee H et al: The role of imaging in current treatment strategies for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Korean J Radiol. 22(1):23-40, 2020
- Wang ZJ et al: Therapeutic response assessment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: society of abdominal radiology review paper on the role of morphological and functional imaging techniques. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(12):4273-89, 2020
- Younan G: Pancreas solid tumors. Surg Clin North Am. 100(3):565-80, 2020
- Dallongeville A et al: Initial diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer including main differentials. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 40(6):436-68, 2019
- Duan H et al: The role of PET/CT in the imaging of pancreatic neoplasms. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 40(6):500-8, 2019
- Balachandran A et al: Imaging of pancreatic neoplasms. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 23(4):751-88, 2014
- Becker AE et al: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: risk factors, screening, and early detection. World J Gastroenterol. 20(32):11182-98, 2014
- Loc WS et al: Novel strategies for managing pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20(40):14717-25, 2014
- O'Neill E et al: MR imaging of the pancreas. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(4):757-77, 2014
- Raman SP et al: Abnormalities of the Distal common bile duct and ampulla: diagnostic approach and differential diagnosis using multiplanar reformations and 3D imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(1):17-28, 2014
- Rossi ML et al: Therapeutic options for the management of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20(32):11142-59, 2014
- Wang XY et al: Utility of PET/CT in diagnosis, staging, assessment of resectability and metabolic response of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20(42):15580-9, 2014
- Al-Hawary MM et al: Mimics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Imaging. 13(3):342-9, 2013
- Raman SP et al: Endoscopic ultrasound and pancreatic applications: what the radiologist needs to know. Abdom Imaging. 38(6):1360-72, 2013
- Coakley FV et al: Pancreatic imaging mimics: part 1, imaging mimics of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199(2):301-8, 2012
- Jeffrey RB: Pancreatic cancer: radiologic imaging. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 41(1):159-77, 2012
- Raman SP et al: Multimodality imaging of pancreatic cancer-computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Cancer J. 18(6):511-22, 2012
- Low G et al: Multimodality imaging of neoplastic and nonneoplastic solid lesions of the pancreas. Radiographics. 31(4):993-1015, 2011
- Wang Y et al: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of solid and cystic lesions of the pancreas. Radiographics. 2011 May-Jun;31(3):E47-64. Review. Erratum in: Radiographics. 31(5):1496, 2011
- Deshmukh SD et al: Pathways of extrapancreatic perineural invasion by pancreatic adenocarcinoma: evaluation with 3D volume-rendered MDCT imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(3):668-74, 2010
- Morana G et al: Staging cancer of the pancreas. Cancer Imaging. 10 Spec no A:S137-41, 2010
- Kauhanen SP et al: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, multidetector row computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in primary diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg. 250(6):957-63, 2009
- Varadhachary GR et al: Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: definitions, management, and role of preoperative therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 13(8):1035-46, 2006
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Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer
Definitions
- Malignancy arising from ductal epithelium of exocrine pancreas
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Radiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Gaskill CE et al: History of preoperative therapy for pancreatic cancer and the MD Anderson experience. J Surg Oncol. 123(6):1414-22, 2021
- Gong XH et al: Atypical and uncommon CT and MR imaging presentations of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY). ePub, 2021
- Kato H et al: Essential updates 2019/2020: multimodal treatment of localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma: current topics and updates in survival outcomes and prognostic factors. Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 5(2):132-51, 2021
- Khristenko E et al: Preoperative CT-based detection of extrapancreatic perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep. 11(1):1800, 2021
- Nehlsen AD et al: Controversies in radiotherapy for pancreas cancer. J Surg Oncol. 123(6):1460-6, 2021
- Park SJ et al: Preoperative assessment of the resectability of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma on CT according to the NCCN Guidelines focusing on SMA/SMV branch invasion. Eur Radiol. ePub, 2021
- Arnone A et al: Clinical Impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic workup of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review. Diagnostics (Basel). 10(12), 2020
- Haj-Mirzaian A et al: Pitfalls in the MDCT of pancreatic cancer: strategies for minimizing errors. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(2):457-78, 2020
- Harrington KA et al: MRI of the pancreas. J Magn Reson Imaging. 53(2):347-59, 2020
- Kulkarni NM et al: White paper on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from society of abdominal radiology's disease-focused panel for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Part II, update on imaging techniques and screening of pancreatic cancer in high-risk individuals. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(3):729-42, 2020
- Kulkarni NM et al: White paper on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from society of abdominal radiology's disease-focused panel for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Part I, AJCC staging system, NCCN guidelines, and borderline resectable disease. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(3):716-28, 2020
- Lee JW et al: Impact of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and PET/MRI on initial staging and changes in management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Diagnostics (Basel). 10(11), 2020
- Rhee H et al: The role of imaging in current treatment strategies for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Korean J Radiol. 22(1):23-40, 2020
- Wang ZJ et al: Therapeutic response assessment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: society of abdominal radiology review paper on the role of morphological and functional imaging techniques. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(12):4273-89, 2020
- Younan G: Pancreas solid tumors. Surg Clin North Am. 100(3):565-80, 2020
- Dallongeville A et al: Initial diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer including main differentials. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 40(6):436-68, 2019
- Duan H et al: The role of PET/CT in the imaging of pancreatic neoplasms. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 40(6):500-8, 2019
- Balachandran A et al: Imaging of pancreatic neoplasms. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 23(4):751-88, 2014
- Becker AE et al: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: risk factors, screening, and early detection. World J Gastroenterol. 20(32):11182-98, 2014
- Loc WS et al: Novel strategies for managing pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20(40):14717-25, 2014
- O'Neill E et al: MR imaging of the pancreas. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(4):757-77, 2014
- Raman SP et al: Abnormalities of the Distal common bile duct and ampulla: diagnostic approach and differential diagnosis using multiplanar reformations and 3D imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(1):17-28, 2014
- Rossi ML et al: Therapeutic options for the management of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20(32):11142-59, 2014
- Wang XY et al: Utility of PET/CT in diagnosis, staging, assessment of resectability and metabolic response of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20(42):15580-9, 2014
- Al-Hawary MM et al: Mimics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Imaging. 13(3):342-9, 2013
- Raman SP et al: Endoscopic ultrasound and pancreatic applications: what the radiologist needs to know. Abdom Imaging. 38(6):1360-72, 2013
- Coakley FV et al: Pancreatic imaging mimics: part 1, imaging mimics of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199(2):301-8, 2012
- Jeffrey RB: Pancreatic cancer: radiologic imaging. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 41(1):159-77, 2012
- Raman SP et al: Multimodality imaging of pancreatic cancer-computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Cancer J. 18(6):511-22, 2012
- Low G et al: Multimodality imaging of neoplastic and nonneoplastic solid lesions of the pancreas. Radiographics. 31(4):993-1015, 2011
- Wang Y et al: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of solid and cystic lesions of the pancreas. Radiographics. 2011 May-Jun;31(3):E47-64. Review. Erratum in: Radiographics. 31(5):1496, 2011
- Deshmukh SD et al: Pathways of extrapancreatic perineural invasion by pancreatic adenocarcinoma: evaluation with 3D volume-rendered MDCT imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(3):668-74, 2010
- Morana G et al: Staging cancer of the pancreas. Cancer Imaging. 10 Spec no A:S137-41, 2010
- Kauhanen SP et al: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, multidetector row computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in primary diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg. 250(6):957-63, 2009
- Varadhachary GR et al: Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: definitions, management, and role of preoperative therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 13(8):1035-46, 2006
