Walczyk J et al: Diagnostic imaging of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms with a focus on ultrasound. J Ultrason. 19(78):228-35, 2019
Sanli Y et al: Neuroendocrine tumor diagnosis and management: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 211(2):267-77, 2018
Braden B et al: B-mode and contrast-enhancement characteristics of small nonincidental neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors. Endosc Ultrasound. 6(1):49-54, 2017
Hofman MS et al: Somatostatin receptor imaging with 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT: clinical utility, normal patterns, pearls, and pitfalls in interpretation. Radiographics. 35(2):500-16, 2015
Kartalis N et al: Recent developments in imaging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Ann Gastroenterol. 28(2):193-202, 2015
Kim KW et al: Update on the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with emphasis on the role of imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201(4):811-24, 2013
Sahani DV et al: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: role of imaging in diagnosis and management. Radiology. 266(1):38-61, 2013
Milan SA et al: Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. Curr Opin Oncol. 24(1):46-55, 2012
Klimstra DS et al: The pathologic classification of neuroendocrine tumors: a review of nomenclature, grading, and staging systems. Pancreas. 39(6):707-12, 2010
Lewis RB et al: Pancreatic endocrine tumors: radiologic-clinicopathologic correlation. Radiographics. 30(6):1445-64, 2010
Herwick S et al: MRI of islet cell tumors of the pancreas. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(5):W472-80, 2006
Horton KM et al: Multi-detector row CT of pancreatic islet cell tumors. Radiographics. 26(2):453-64, 2006
Proye CA et al: Current concepts in functioning endocrine tumors of the pancreas. World J Surg. 28(12):1231-8, 2004
Marcos HB et al: Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas in von Hippel-Lindau disease: spectrum of appearances at CT and MR imaging with histopathologic comparison. Radiology. 225(3):751-8, 2002
Theni RF et al: Detection of small, functional islet cell tumors in the pancreas: selection of imaging sequences for optimal sensitivity. Radiology. 214(2):483-90, 2000
Vazquez Sequeiros E et al: The role of endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosis, staging, and management of pancreatic disease states. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2(2):125-32, 2000
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Neuroendocrine tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
Walczyk J et al: Diagnostic imaging of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms with a focus on ultrasound. J Ultrason. 19(78):228-35, 2019
Sanli Y et al: Neuroendocrine tumor diagnosis and management: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 211(2):267-77, 2018
Braden B et al: B-mode and contrast-enhancement characteristics of small nonincidental neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors. Endosc Ultrasound. 6(1):49-54, 2017
Hofman MS et al: Somatostatin receptor imaging with 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT: clinical utility, normal patterns, pearls, and pitfalls in interpretation. Radiographics. 35(2):500-16, 2015
Kartalis N et al: Recent developments in imaging of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Ann Gastroenterol. 28(2):193-202, 2015
Kim KW et al: Update on the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with emphasis on the role of imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201(4):811-24, 2013
Sahani DV et al: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: role of imaging in diagnosis and management. Radiology. 266(1):38-61, 2013
Milan SA et al: Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. Curr Opin Oncol. 24(1):46-55, 2012
Klimstra DS et al: The pathologic classification of neuroendocrine tumors: a review of nomenclature, grading, and staging systems. Pancreas. 39(6):707-12, 2010
Lewis RB et al: Pancreatic endocrine tumors: radiologic-clinicopathologic correlation. Radiographics. 30(6):1445-64, 2010
Herwick S et al: MRI of islet cell tumors of the pancreas. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(5):W472-80, 2006
Horton KM et al: Multi-detector row CT of pancreatic islet cell tumors. Radiographics. 26(2):453-64, 2006
Proye CA et al: Current concepts in functioning endocrine tumors of the pancreas. World J Surg. 28(12):1231-8, 2004
Marcos HB et al: Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas in von Hippel-Lindau disease: spectrum of appearances at CT and MR imaging with histopathologic comparison. Radiology. 225(3):751-8, 2002
Theni RF et al: Detection of small, functional islet cell tumors in the pancreas: selection of imaging sequences for optimal sensitivity. Radiology. 214(2):483-90, 2000
Vazquez Sequeiros E et al: The role of endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosis, staging, and management of pancreatic disease states. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2(2):125-32, 2000
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