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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Paraseptal emphysema (PSE)
Synonyms
- Distal acinar emphysema
Definitions
- Destruction located in lung periphery adjacent to pleura or along interlobular septa
- Permanently enlarged distal airspaces with destruction
- Bulla: Dilated airspace measuring > 1 cm
- Bullae: Circumscribed, thin-walled, coalescent destroyed acini
- Vanishing lung syndrome: Severe PSE and large bullae (> 1/3 of hemithorax) compression of adjacent lung
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Martini K et al: Advances in imaging for lung emphysema. Ann Transl Med. 8(21):1467, 2020
- Hochhegger B et al: Pulmonary acinus: understanding the computed tomography findings from an acinar perspective. Lung. 197(3):259-65, 2019
- Copeland CR et al: Paratracheal paraseptal emphysema and expiratory central airway collapse in smokers. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 15(4):479-84, 2018
- Lynch DA et al: CT-based visual classification of emphysema: association with mortality in the COPDGene study. Radiology. 288(3):859-66, 2018
- Mouronte-Roibás C et al: Influence of the type of emphysema in the relationship between COPD and lung cancer. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 13:3563-70, 2018
- Corrections. Lancet Respir Med. 4(11):e55, 2016
- van Agteren JE et al: Lung volume reduction surgery for diffuse emphysema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 10:CD001001, 2016
- Araki T et al: Paraseptal emphysema: prevalence and distribution on CT and association with interstitial lung abnormalities. Eur J Radiol. 84(7):1413-8, 2015
- Lynch DA et al: CT-definable subtypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a statement of the Fleischner Society. Radiology. 277(1):192-205, 2015
- Smith BM et al: Pulmonary emphysema subtypes on computed tomography: the MESA COPD study. Am J Med. 127(1):94.e7-23, 2014
- Litmanovich D et al: CT of pulmonary emphysema--current status, challenges, and future directions. Eur Radiol. 19(3):537-51, 2009
- Satoh K et al: CT assessment of subtypes of pulmonary emphysema in smokers. Chest. 120(3):725-9, 2001
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Paraseptal emphysema (PSE)
Synonyms
- Distal acinar emphysema
Definitions
- Destruction located in lung periphery adjacent to pleura or along interlobular septa
- Permanently enlarged distal airspaces with destruction
- Bulla: Dilated airspace measuring > 1 cm
- Bullae: Circumscribed, thin-walled, coalescent destroyed acini
- Vanishing lung syndrome: Severe PSE and large bullae (> 1/3 of hemithorax) compression of adjacent lung
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Martini K et al: Advances in imaging for lung emphysema. Ann Transl Med. 8(21):1467, 2020
- Hochhegger B et al: Pulmonary acinus: understanding the computed tomography findings from an acinar perspective. Lung. 197(3):259-65, 2019
- Copeland CR et al: Paratracheal paraseptal emphysema and expiratory central airway collapse in smokers. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 15(4):479-84, 2018
- Lynch DA et al: CT-based visual classification of emphysema: association with mortality in the COPDGene study. Radiology. 288(3):859-66, 2018
- Mouronte-Roibás C et al: Influence of the type of emphysema in the relationship between COPD and lung cancer. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 13:3563-70, 2018
- Corrections. Lancet Respir Med. 4(11):e55, 2016
- van Agteren JE et al: Lung volume reduction surgery for diffuse emphysema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 10:CD001001, 2016
- Araki T et al: Paraseptal emphysema: prevalence and distribution on CT and association with interstitial lung abnormalities. Eur J Radiol. 84(7):1413-8, 2015
- Lynch DA et al: CT-definable subtypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a statement of the Fleischner Society. Radiology. 277(1):192-205, 2015
- Smith BM et al: Pulmonary emphysema subtypes on computed tomography: the MESA COPD study. Am J Med. 127(1):94.e7-23, 2014
- Litmanovich D et al: CT of pulmonary emphysema--current status, challenges, and future directions. Eur Radiol. 19(3):537-51, 2009
- Satoh K et al: CT assessment of subtypes of pulmonary emphysema in smokers. Chest. 120(3):725-9, 2001
