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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Infantile hemangioma (IH)
Synonyms
- Hemangioma of infancy
- Capillary hemangioma (older term)
Definitions
- Benign vascular neoplasm of proliferating endothelial cells
- Not vascular malformation
Associated Syndromes
- PHACES association
- Posterior fossa and supratentorial brain malformations (Dandy-Walker malformation/variant, migrational anomaly)
- Hemangioma of face and neck
- Arterial stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, hypoplasia, agenesis, aberrant origin
- Cardiovascular defects (aortic coarctation/aneurysm/dysplasia, aberrant subclavian artery ± vascular ring, ventricular septal defect)
- Eye abnormalities (persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, coloboma, morning glory disc anomaly, optic nerve hypoplasia, peripapillary staphyloma, microphthalmia, cataract, sclerocornea)
- Supraumbilical raphe and sternal clefts/defects
- Recent reports of associated endocrine abnormalities (hypopituitarism, ectopic thyroid)
- Kasselbach-Merrit syndrome
- Hemangioma associated with thrombocytopenia
- Platelet consumption from large hemangiomas
- PHACES association
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Kim KH et al: Comparison of efficacy and safety between propranolol and steroid for infantile hemangioma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatol. 153(6):529-36, 2017
- Rotter A et al: Ultrasonography as an objective tool for assessment of infantile hemangioma treatment with propranolol. Int J Dermatol. 56(2):190-4, 2017
- Weber FC et al: Role of imaging in the diagnosis of parotid infantile hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 102:61-6, 2017
- Bauman NM et al: Propranolol vs prednisolone for symptomatic proliferating infantile hemangiomas: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140(4):323-30, 2014
- Shi H et al: Ultrasound in assessing the efficacy of propranolol therapy for infantile hemangiomas. Ultrasound Med Biol. 40(11):2622-9, 2014
- Dubois J et al: Vascular anomalies: what a radiologist needs to know. Pediatr Radiol. 40(6):895-905, 2010
- Holmes WJ et al: Propranolol as first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):420-1, 2010
- Maturo S et al: Initial experience using propranolol as the sole treatment for infantile airway hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 74(3):323-5, 2010
- Mistry N et al: Use of propranolol to treat multicentric airway haemangioma. J Laryngol Otol. 124(12):1329-32, 2010
- Sinno H et al: Management of infantile parotid gland hemangiomas: a 40-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):265-73, 2010
- Storch CH et al: Propranolol for infantile haemangiomas: insights into the molecular mechanisms of action. Br J Dermatol. 163(2):269-74, 2010
- Metry D et al: Consensus statement on diagnostic criteria for PHACE syndrome. Pediatrics. 124(5):1447-56, 2009
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Infantile hemangioma (IH)
Synonyms
- Hemangioma of infancy
- Capillary hemangioma (older term)
Definitions
- Benign vascular neoplasm of proliferating endothelial cells
- Not vascular malformation
Associated Syndromes
- PHACES association
- Posterior fossa and supratentorial brain malformations (Dandy-Walker malformation/variant, migrational anomaly)
- Hemangioma of face and neck
- Arterial stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, hypoplasia, agenesis, aberrant origin
- Cardiovascular defects (aortic coarctation/aneurysm/dysplasia, aberrant subclavian artery ± vascular ring, ventricular septal defect)
- Eye abnormalities (persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, coloboma, morning glory disc anomaly, optic nerve hypoplasia, peripapillary staphyloma, microphthalmia, cataract, sclerocornea)
- Supraumbilical raphe and sternal clefts/defects
- Recent reports of associated endocrine abnormalities (hypopituitarism, ectopic thyroid)
- Kasselbach-Merrit syndrome
- Hemangioma associated with thrombocytopenia
- Platelet consumption from large hemangiomas
- PHACES association
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Kim KH et al: Comparison of efficacy and safety between propranolol and steroid for infantile hemangioma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatol. 153(6):529-36, 2017
- Rotter A et al: Ultrasonography as an objective tool for assessment of infantile hemangioma treatment with propranolol. Int J Dermatol. 56(2):190-4, 2017
- Weber FC et al: Role of imaging in the diagnosis of parotid infantile hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 102:61-6, 2017
- Bauman NM et al: Propranolol vs prednisolone for symptomatic proliferating infantile hemangiomas: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140(4):323-30, 2014
- Shi H et al: Ultrasound in assessing the efficacy of propranolol therapy for infantile hemangiomas. Ultrasound Med Biol. 40(11):2622-9, 2014
- Dubois J et al: Vascular anomalies: what a radiologist needs to know. Pediatr Radiol. 40(6):895-905, 2010
- Holmes WJ et al: Propranolol as first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):420-1, 2010
- Maturo S et al: Initial experience using propranolol as the sole treatment for infantile airway hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 74(3):323-5, 2010
- Mistry N et al: Use of propranolol to treat multicentric airway haemangioma. J Laryngol Otol. 124(12):1329-32, 2010
- Sinno H et al: Management of infantile parotid gland hemangiomas: a 40-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):265-73, 2010
- Storch CH et al: Propranolol for infantile haemangiomas: insights into the molecular mechanisms of action. Br J Dermatol. 163(2):269-74, 2010
- Metry D et al: Consensus statement on diagnostic criteria for PHACE syndrome. Pediatrics. 124(5):1447-56, 2009
