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Parotid Infantile Hemangioma
Carmen C. Cho, MBBS, FRCR; H. Y. Yuen, MBChB, FRCR; Anil T. Ahuja, MD, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • Infantile hemangioma (IH)
          • Synonyms

            • Hemangioma of infancy
            • Capillary hemangioma (older term)
          • Definitions

            • Benign vascular neoplasm of proliferating endothelial cells
            • Not vascular malformation
          • Associated Syndromes

            • PHACES association
              • Posterior fossa and supratentorial brain malformations (Dandy-Walker malformation/variant, migrational anomaly)
              • Hemangioma of face and neck
              • Arterial stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, hypoplasia, agenesis, aberrant origin
              • Cardiovascular defects (aortic coarctation/aneurysm/dysplasia, aberrant subclavian artery ± vascular ring, ventricular septal defect)
              • Eye abnormalities (persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, coloboma, morning glory disc anomaly, optic nerve hypoplasia, peripapillary staphyloma, microphthalmia, cataract, sclerocornea)
              • Supraumbilical raphe and sternal clefts/defects
              • Recent reports of associated endocrine abnormalities (hypopituitarism, ectopic thyroid)
            • Kasselbach-Merrit syndrome
              • Hemangioma associated with thrombocytopenia
              • Platelet consumption from large hemangiomas

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Microscopic Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Consider

                                    Selected References

                                    1. Kim KH et al: Comparison of efficacy and safety between propranolol and steroid for infantile hemangioma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatol. 153(6):529-36, 2017
                                    2. Rotter A et al: Ultrasonography as an objective tool for assessment of infantile hemangioma treatment with propranolol. Int J Dermatol. 56(2):190-4, 2017
                                    3. Weber FC et al: Role of imaging in the diagnosis of parotid infantile hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 102:61-6, 2017
                                    4. Bauman NM et al: Propranolol vs prednisolone for symptomatic proliferating infantile hemangiomas: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140(4):323-30, 2014
                                    5. Shi H et al: Ultrasound in assessing the efficacy of propranolol therapy for infantile hemangiomas. Ultrasound Med Biol. 40(11):2622-9, 2014
                                    6. Dubois J et al: Vascular anomalies: what a radiologist needs to know. Pediatr Radiol. 40(6):895-905, 2010
                                    7. Holmes WJ et al: Propranolol as first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):420-1, 2010
                                    8. Maturo S et al: Initial experience using propranolol as the sole treatment for infantile airway hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 74(3):323-5, 2010
                                    9. Mistry N et al: Use of propranolol to treat multicentric airway haemangioma. J Laryngol Otol. 124(12):1329-32, 2010
                                    10. Sinno H et al: Management of infantile parotid gland hemangiomas: a 40-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):265-73, 2010
                                    11. Storch CH et al: Propranolol for infantile haemangiomas: insights into the molecular mechanisms of action. Br J Dermatol. 163(2):269-74, 2010
                                    12. Metry D et al: Consensus statement on diagnostic criteria for PHACE syndrome. Pediatrics. 124(5):1447-56, 2009
                                    Related Anatomy
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                                    Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                    References
                                    Tables

                                    Tables

                                    KEY FACTS

                                    • Terminology

                                      • Imaging

                                        • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                          • Clinical Issues

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Abbreviations

                                              • Infantile hemangioma (IH)
                                            • Synonyms

                                              • Hemangioma of infancy
                                              • Capillary hemangioma (older term)
                                            • Definitions

                                              • Benign vascular neoplasm of proliferating endothelial cells
                                              • Not vascular malformation
                                            • Associated Syndromes

                                              • PHACES association
                                                • Posterior fossa and supratentorial brain malformations (Dandy-Walker malformation/variant, migrational anomaly)
                                                • Hemangioma of face and neck
                                                • Arterial stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, hypoplasia, agenesis, aberrant origin
                                                • Cardiovascular defects (aortic coarctation/aneurysm/dysplasia, aberrant subclavian artery ± vascular ring, ventricular septal defect)
                                                • Eye abnormalities (persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, coloboma, morning glory disc anomaly, optic nerve hypoplasia, peripapillary staphyloma, microphthalmia, cataract, sclerocornea)
                                                • Supraumbilical raphe and sternal clefts/defects
                                                • Recent reports of associated endocrine abnormalities (hypopituitarism, ectopic thyroid)
                                              • Kasselbach-Merrit syndrome
                                                • Hemangioma associated with thrombocytopenia
                                                • Platelet consumption from large hemangiomas

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                • CT Findings

                                                  • MR Findings

                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Microscopic Features

                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                            • Presentation

                                                              • Demographics

                                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                  • Treatment

                                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                    • Consider

                                                                      Selected References

                                                                      1. Kim KH et al: Comparison of efficacy and safety between propranolol and steroid for infantile hemangioma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Dermatol. 153(6):529-36, 2017
                                                                      2. Rotter A et al: Ultrasonography as an objective tool for assessment of infantile hemangioma treatment with propranolol. Int J Dermatol. 56(2):190-4, 2017
                                                                      3. Weber FC et al: Role of imaging in the diagnosis of parotid infantile hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 102:61-6, 2017
                                                                      4. Bauman NM et al: Propranolol vs prednisolone for symptomatic proliferating infantile hemangiomas: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140(4):323-30, 2014
                                                                      5. Shi H et al: Ultrasound in assessing the efficacy of propranolol therapy for infantile hemangiomas. Ultrasound Med Biol. 40(11):2622-9, 2014
                                                                      6. Dubois J et al: Vascular anomalies: what a radiologist needs to know. Pediatr Radiol. 40(6):895-905, 2010
                                                                      7. Holmes WJ et al: Propranolol as first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):420-1, 2010
                                                                      8. Maturo S et al: Initial experience using propranolol as the sole treatment for infantile airway hemangiomas. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 74(3):323-5, 2010
                                                                      9. Mistry N et al: Use of propranolol to treat multicentric airway haemangioma. J Laryngol Otol. 124(12):1329-32, 2010
                                                                      10. Sinno H et al: Management of infantile parotid gland hemangiomas: a 40-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125(1):265-73, 2010
                                                                      11. Storch CH et al: Propranolol for infantile haemangiomas: insights into the molecular mechanisms of action. Br J Dermatol. 163(2):269-74, 2010
                                                                      12. Metry D et al: Consensus statement on diagnostic criteria for PHACE syndrome. Pediatrics. 124(5):1447-56, 2009