Malignant epithelial salivary gland neoplasm composed of variable mixture of both epidermoid and mucus-secreting cells arising from ductal epithelium
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Shafique K et al: Pathologic grading of mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary gland and its effect on clinicopathologic follow-up: an institutional experience. Hum Pathol. 98:89-97, 2020
Garrett SL et al: Sensitivity of fine-needle aspiration and imaging modalities in the diagnosis of low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 128(8):755-9, 2019
Razek AAKA: Multi-parametric MR imaging using pseudo-continuous arterial-spin labeling and diffusion-weighted MR imaging in differentiating subtypes of parotid tumors. Magn Reson Imaging. 63:55-59, 2019
Wu WL et al: Multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging features of salivary duct carcinoma: differentiation from other salivary gland malignancies. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 128(5):543-551, 2019
Abdel Razek AAK et al: State-of-the-art imaging of salivary gland tumors. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(2):303-17, 2018
Gamoh S et al: Non-contrast computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features of mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the salivary glands. Oral Radiol. 34(1):24-30, 2018
Rajasekaran K et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: a National Cancer Database study. Am J Otolaryngol. 39(3):321-6, 2018
Abdel Razek AA et al: Characterization of Parotid Tumors With Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 41(1):131-136, 2017
Mamlouk MD et al: Paediatric parotid neoplasms: a 10 year retrospective imaging and pathology review of these rare tumours. Clin Radiol. 70(3):270-7, 2015
Gong X et al: Ultrasonographic appearances of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 114(3):382-7, 2012
Kashiwagi N et al: MRI findings of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: correlation with pathological features. Br J Radiol. 85(1014):709-13, 2012
Singh Nanda KD et al: Fine-needle aspiration cytology: a reliable tool in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. J Oral Pathol Med. 41(1):106-12, 2012
Christe A et al: MR imaging of parotid tumors: typical lesion characteristics in MR imaging improve discrimination between benign and malignant disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 32(7):1202-7, 2011
Ashraf A et al: Diagnostic reliability of FNAC for salivary gland swellings: a comparative study. Diagn Cytopathol. 38(7):499-504, 2010
Boukheris H et al: Incidence of carcinoma of the major salivary glands according to the WHO classification, 1992 to 2006: a population-based study in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 18(11):2899-906, 2009
Habermann CR et al: Diffusion-weighted echo-planar MR imaging of primary parotid gland tumors: is a prediction of different histologic subtypes possible? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(3):591-6, 2009
Rapidis AD et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands. Review of the literature and clinicopathological analysis of 18 patients. Oral Oncol. 43(2):130-6, 2007
Pires FR et al: Prognostic factors in head and neck mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 130(2):174-80, 2004
Brachtel EF et al: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a cystic pleomorphic adenoma with extensive adnexa-like differentiation: differential diagnostic pitfall with mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 28(2):100-3, 2003
Catania A et al: Parotid gland tumours. Our experience and a review of the literature. Chir Ital. 55(6):857-64, 2003
Nagao T et al: Dedifferentiation in low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland. Hum Pathol. 34(10):1068-72, 2003
Sakamoto M et al: Usefulness of heavily T(2) weighted magnetic resonance images for the differential diagnosis of parotid tumours. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 32(5):295-9, 2003
Wahlberg P et al: Carcinoma of the parotid and submandibular glands--a study of survival in 2465 patients. Oral Oncol. 38(7):706-13, 2002
Brandwein MS et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of 80 patients with special reference to histological grading. Am J Surg Pathol. 25(7):835-45, 2001
Pinkston JA et al: Incidence rates of salivary gland tumors: results from a population-based study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 120(6):834-40, 1999
Goode RK et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the major salivary glands: clinical and histopathologic analysis of 234 cases with evaluation of grading criteria. Cancer. 82(7):1217-24, 1998
Schlakman BN et al: MR of intraparotid masses. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 14(5):1173-80, 1993
Freling NJ et al: Malignant parotid tumors: clinical use of MR imaging and histologic correlation. Radiology. 185(3):691-6, 1992
Som PM et al: High-grade malignancies of the parotid gland: identification with MR imaging. Radiology. 173(3):823-6, 1989
Amin, Mahul B.. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Eighth Edition (p. 118). American College of Surgeons.
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MECa)
Definitions
Malignant epithelial salivary gland neoplasm composed of variable mixture of both epidermoid and mucus-secreting cells arising from ductal epithelium
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Shafique K et al: Pathologic grading of mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary gland and its effect on clinicopathologic follow-up: an institutional experience. Hum Pathol. 98:89-97, 2020
Garrett SL et al: Sensitivity of fine-needle aspiration and imaging modalities in the diagnosis of low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 128(8):755-9, 2019
Razek AAKA: Multi-parametric MR imaging using pseudo-continuous arterial-spin labeling and diffusion-weighted MR imaging in differentiating subtypes of parotid tumors. Magn Reson Imaging. 63:55-59, 2019
Wu WL et al: Multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging features of salivary duct carcinoma: differentiation from other salivary gland malignancies. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 128(5):543-551, 2019
Abdel Razek AAK et al: State-of-the-art imaging of salivary gland tumors. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(2):303-17, 2018
Gamoh S et al: Non-contrast computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features of mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the salivary glands. Oral Radiol. 34(1):24-30, 2018
Rajasekaran K et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: a National Cancer Database study. Am J Otolaryngol. 39(3):321-6, 2018
Abdel Razek AA et al: Characterization of Parotid Tumors With Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 41(1):131-136, 2017
Mamlouk MD et al: Paediatric parotid neoplasms: a 10 year retrospective imaging and pathology review of these rare tumours. Clin Radiol. 70(3):270-7, 2015
Gong X et al: Ultrasonographic appearances of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 114(3):382-7, 2012
Kashiwagi N et al: MRI findings of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland: correlation with pathological features. Br J Radiol. 85(1014):709-13, 2012
Singh Nanda KD et al: Fine-needle aspiration cytology: a reliable tool in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. J Oral Pathol Med. 41(1):106-12, 2012
Christe A et al: MR imaging of parotid tumors: typical lesion characteristics in MR imaging improve discrimination between benign and malignant disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 32(7):1202-7, 2011
Ashraf A et al: Diagnostic reliability of FNAC for salivary gland swellings: a comparative study. Diagn Cytopathol. 38(7):499-504, 2010
Boukheris H et al: Incidence of carcinoma of the major salivary glands according to the WHO classification, 1992 to 2006: a population-based study in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 18(11):2899-906, 2009
Habermann CR et al: Diffusion-weighted echo-planar MR imaging of primary parotid gland tumors: is a prediction of different histologic subtypes possible? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(3):591-6, 2009
Rapidis AD et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands. Review of the literature and clinicopathological analysis of 18 patients. Oral Oncol. 43(2):130-6, 2007
Pires FR et al: Prognostic factors in head and neck mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 130(2):174-80, 2004
Brachtel EF et al: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a cystic pleomorphic adenoma with extensive adnexa-like differentiation: differential diagnostic pitfall with mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol. 28(2):100-3, 2003
Catania A et al: Parotid gland tumours. Our experience and a review of the literature. Chir Ital. 55(6):857-64, 2003
Nagao T et al: Dedifferentiation in low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland. Hum Pathol. 34(10):1068-72, 2003
Sakamoto M et al: Usefulness of heavily T(2) weighted magnetic resonance images for the differential diagnosis of parotid tumours. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 32(5):295-9, 2003
Wahlberg P et al: Carcinoma of the parotid and submandibular glands--a study of survival in 2465 patients. Oral Oncol. 38(7):706-13, 2002
Brandwein MS et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of 80 patients with special reference to histological grading. Am J Surg Pathol. 25(7):835-45, 2001
Pinkston JA et al: Incidence rates of salivary gland tumors: results from a population-based study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 120(6):834-40, 1999
Goode RK et al: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the major salivary glands: clinical and histopathologic analysis of 234 cases with evaluation of grading criteria. Cancer. 82(7):1217-24, 1998
Schlakman BN et al: MR of intraparotid masses. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 14(5):1173-80, 1993
Freling NJ et al: Malignant parotid tumors: clinical use of MR imaging and histologic correlation. Radiology. 185(3):691-6, 1992
Som PM et al: High-grade malignancies of the parotid gland: identification with MR imaging. Radiology. 173(3):823-6, 1989
Amin, Mahul B.. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Eighth Edition (p. 118). American College of Surgeons.
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