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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
- Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma
Definitions
- 3 forms of parotid involvement with NHL
- Nodal NHL
- Primary nodal NHL
- Systemic NHL involving parotid nodes
- Primary parenchymal lymphoma
- Most often MALT-type NHL
- Nodal NHL
- 3 forms of parotid involvement with NHL
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Baer AN et al: Ultrasound-guided biopsy of suspected salivary gland lymphoma in Sjögren's syndrome. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 73(6):849-85, 2021
- Alnoor FNU et al: Prevalence of lymphoid neoplasia in a retrospective analysis of Warthin tumor: A single institution experience. Head Neck Pathol. 14(4):944-50, 2020
- Pietragalla M et al: The role of diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast enhancement perfusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of salivary glands neoplasms. Radiol Med.125(9):851-63, 2020
- Sebastian A et al: Prevalence and clinical presentation of lymphoproliferative disorder in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatol Int. 40(3):399-404, 2020
- Travaglino A et al: Sjögren syndrome in primary salivary gland lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Pathol. 153(6):719-24, 2020
- Carotti M et al: Diagnostic value of major salivary gland ultrasonography in primary Sjögren's syndrome: the role of grey-scale and colour/power Doppler sonography. Gland Surg. 8(Suppl 3):S159-67, 2019
- Elmokadem AH et al: Diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for differentiation between parotid neoplasms. Can Assoc Radiol J. 70(3):264-72, 2019
- Jinkala SR et al: IgG4-related lymphadenopathy masquerading as Hodgkin lymphoma: lessons from a pathologist's desk. BMJ Case Rep. 12(9), 2019
- Jousse-Joulin S et al: Video clip assessment of a salivary gland ultrasound scoring system in Sjögren's syndrome using consensual definitions: an OMERACT ultrasound working group reliability exercise. Ann Rheum Dis. 78(7):967-73, 2019
- Retamozo S et al: Prognostic markers of lymphoma development in primary Sjögren syndrome. Lupus. 28(8):923-36, 2019
- Fujita A: Imaging of Sjögren Syndrome and Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease of the Salivary Glands. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(2):183-97, 2018
- Swerdlow SH et al: The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 127(20):2375-90, 2016
- Makis W et al: Clinical significance of parotid gland incidentalomas on (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Clin Imaging. 39(4):667-71, 2015
- Cheson BD et al: Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification. J Clin Oncol. 32(27):3059-68, 2014
- Liang Y et al: Primary Sjogren's syndrome and malignancy risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 73(6):1151-6, 2014
- Cohen C et al: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computer tomography as an objective tool for assessing disease activity in Sjögren's syndrome. Autoimmun Rev. 12(11):1109-14, 2013
- Feinstein AJ et al: Parotid gland lymphoma: prognostic analysis of 2140 patients. Laryngoscope. 123(5):1199-203, 2013
- Zhu L et al: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the parotid gland: CT and MR imaging findings. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 42(9):20130046, 2013
- Kato H et al: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the salivary glands: MR imaging findings including diffusion-weighted imaging. Eur J Radiol. 81(4):e612-7, 2012
- Crampsey DP et al: Parotid lymphoma in west Scotland: two-year 'snapshot' of diagnosis, management and core issues. J Laryngol Otol. 123(11):1237-41, 2009
- Miyagi T et al: Extranodal adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma of the head and neck: a clinicopathological study of nine cases and a review of the literature. Leuk Lymphoma. 50(2):187-95, 2009
- Aiken AH et al: Imaging Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the head and neck. Radiol Clin North Am. 46(2):363-78, ix-x, 2008
- Just PA et al: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 22(9):695-700, 2008
- Ando M et al: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma presented as diffuse swelling of the parotid gland. Am J Otolaryngol. 26(4):285-8, 2005
- Hafner JW et al: Childhood primary parotid non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with direct intracranial extension: a case report. Ear Nose Throat J. 83(12):828-30, 843, 2004
- Olivier KR et al: Efficacy and treatment-related toxicity of radiotherapy for early-stage primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the parotid gland. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 60(5):1510-4, 2004
- Gasparotto D et al: Extrasalivary lymphoma development in Sjogren's syndrome: clonal evolution from parotid gland lymphoproliferation and role of local triggering. Arthritis Rheum. 48(11):3181-6, 2003
- Hamilton BE et al: Earring lesions of the parotid tail. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24(9):1757-64, 2003
- Murga Penas EM et al: Translocations t(11;18)(q21;q21) and t(14;18)(q32;q21) are the main chromosomal abnormalities involving MLT/MALT1 in MALT lymphomas. Leukemia. 17(11):2225-9, 2003
- Zeebregts CJ et al: Synchronous tumours of the unilateral parotid gland: rare or undetected? J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 31(1):62-6, 2003
- Eichhorn KW et al: Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma mimicking a benign parotid tumor: sonographic findings. J Clin Ultrasound. 30(1):42-4, 2002
- Hew WS et al: Primary T cell lymphoma of salivary gland: a report of a case and review of the literature. J Clin Pathol. 55(1):61-3, 2002
- Liao SL et al: Results of radiotherapy for orbital and adnexal lymphoma. Orbit. 21(2):117-23, 2002
- Stein ME et al: Diagnosis and treatment of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the parotid gland: a retrospective study - Experience at the Northern Israel Oncology Center (1977-1999). J BUON. 7(3):229-33, 2002
- Yencha MW: Primary parotid gland Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 111(4):338-42, 2002
- Abbondanzo SL: Extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma of the salivary gland. Ann Diagn Pathol. 5(4):246-54, 2001
- Epstein JB et al: Characteristics of oral and paraoral malignant lymphoma: a population-based review of 361 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 92(5):519-25, 2001
- Kojima M et al: Follicular lymphoma of the salivary gland: a clinicopathological and molecular study of six cases. Int J Surg Pathol. 9(4):287-93, 2001
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
- Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma
Definitions
- 3 forms of parotid involvement with NHL
- Nodal NHL
- Primary nodal NHL
- Systemic NHL involving parotid nodes
- Primary parenchymal lymphoma
- Most often MALT-type NHL
- Nodal NHL
- 3 forms of parotid involvement with NHL
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Baer AN et al: Ultrasound-guided biopsy of suspected salivary gland lymphoma in Sjögren's syndrome. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 73(6):849-85, 2021
- Alnoor FNU et al: Prevalence of lymphoid neoplasia in a retrospective analysis of Warthin tumor: A single institution experience. Head Neck Pathol. 14(4):944-50, 2020
- Pietragalla M et al: The role of diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast enhancement perfusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of salivary glands neoplasms. Radiol Med.125(9):851-63, 2020
- Sebastian A et al: Prevalence and clinical presentation of lymphoproliferative disorder in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatol Int. 40(3):399-404, 2020
- Travaglino A et al: Sjögren syndrome in primary salivary gland lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Pathol. 153(6):719-24, 2020
- Carotti M et al: Diagnostic value of major salivary gland ultrasonography in primary Sjögren's syndrome: the role of grey-scale and colour/power Doppler sonography. Gland Surg. 8(Suppl 3):S159-67, 2019
- Elmokadem AH et al: Diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for differentiation between parotid neoplasms. Can Assoc Radiol J. 70(3):264-72, 2019
- Jinkala SR et al: IgG4-related lymphadenopathy masquerading as Hodgkin lymphoma: lessons from a pathologist's desk. BMJ Case Rep. 12(9), 2019
- Jousse-Joulin S et al: Video clip assessment of a salivary gland ultrasound scoring system in Sjögren's syndrome using consensual definitions: an OMERACT ultrasound working group reliability exercise. Ann Rheum Dis. 78(7):967-73, 2019
- Retamozo S et al: Prognostic markers of lymphoma development in primary Sjögren syndrome. Lupus. 28(8):923-36, 2019
- Fujita A: Imaging of Sjögren Syndrome and Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease of the Salivary Glands. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 28(2):183-97, 2018
- Swerdlow SH et al: The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 127(20):2375-90, 2016
- Makis W et al: Clinical significance of parotid gland incidentalomas on (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Clin Imaging. 39(4):667-71, 2015
- Cheson BD et al: Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification. J Clin Oncol. 32(27):3059-68, 2014
- Liang Y et al: Primary Sjogren's syndrome and malignancy risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 73(6):1151-6, 2014
- Cohen C et al: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computer tomography as an objective tool for assessing disease activity in Sjögren's syndrome. Autoimmun Rev. 12(11):1109-14, 2013
- Feinstein AJ et al: Parotid gland lymphoma: prognostic analysis of 2140 patients. Laryngoscope. 123(5):1199-203, 2013
- Zhu L et al: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the parotid gland: CT and MR imaging findings. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 42(9):20130046, 2013
- Kato H et al: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the salivary glands: MR imaging findings including diffusion-weighted imaging. Eur J Radiol. 81(4):e612-7, 2012
- Crampsey DP et al: Parotid lymphoma in west Scotland: two-year 'snapshot' of diagnosis, management and core issues. J Laryngol Otol. 123(11):1237-41, 2009
- Miyagi T et al: Extranodal adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma of the head and neck: a clinicopathological study of nine cases and a review of the literature. Leuk Lymphoma. 50(2):187-95, 2009
- Aiken AH et al: Imaging Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the head and neck. Radiol Clin North Am. 46(2):363-78, ix-x, 2008
- Just PA et al: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 22(9):695-700, 2008
- Ando M et al: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma presented as diffuse swelling of the parotid gland. Am J Otolaryngol. 26(4):285-8, 2005
- Hafner JW et al: Childhood primary parotid non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with direct intracranial extension: a case report. Ear Nose Throat J. 83(12):828-30, 843, 2004
- Olivier KR et al: Efficacy and treatment-related toxicity of radiotherapy for early-stage primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the parotid gland. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 60(5):1510-4, 2004
- Gasparotto D et al: Extrasalivary lymphoma development in Sjogren's syndrome: clonal evolution from parotid gland lymphoproliferation and role of local triggering. Arthritis Rheum. 48(11):3181-6, 2003
- Hamilton BE et al: Earring lesions of the parotid tail. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24(9):1757-64, 2003
- Murga Penas EM et al: Translocations t(11;18)(q21;q21) and t(14;18)(q32;q21) are the main chromosomal abnormalities involving MLT/MALT1 in MALT lymphomas. Leukemia. 17(11):2225-9, 2003
- Zeebregts CJ et al: Synchronous tumours of the unilateral parotid gland: rare or undetected? J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 31(1):62-6, 2003
- Eichhorn KW et al: Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma mimicking a benign parotid tumor: sonographic findings. J Clin Ultrasound. 30(1):42-4, 2002
- Hew WS et al: Primary T cell lymphoma of salivary gland: a report of a case and review of the literature. J Clin Pathol. 55(1):61-3, 2002
- Liao SL et al: Results of radiotherapy for orbital and adnexal lymphoma. Orbit. 21(2):117-23, 2002
- Stein ME et al: Diagnosis and treatment of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the parotid gland: a retrospective study - Experience at the Northern Israel Oncology Center (1977-1999). J BUON. 7(3):229-33, 2002
- Yencha MW: Primary parotid gland Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 111(4):338-42, 2002
- Abbondanzo SL: Extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma of the salivary gland. Ann Diagn Pathol. 5(4):246-54, 2001
- Epstein JB et al: Characteristics of oral and paraoral malignant lymphoma: a population-based review of 361 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 92(5):519-25, 2001
- Kojima M et al: Follicular lymphoma of the salivary gland: a clinicopathological and molecular study of six cases. Int J Surg Pathol. 9(4):287-93, 2001
