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Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
Trauma
Knee
Tendons
Patellar Tendon Injury
Patellar Tendon Injury
Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR; Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR; Andrew Sonin, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Patellar ligament = patellar tendon
            • Patellar tendon injuries: patellar tendinopathy, patellar tendinosis, patellar tendon tear, jumper's knee, Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD), Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease (SLJ)

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Radiographic Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        • Reporting Tips

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Levin ES et al: Increased signal in the proximal patellar tendon: normal or pathologic? Skeletal Radiol. 48(11):1747-51, 2019
                                          2. Yousef MA: Traumatic injury of the knee extensor mechanism in skeletally immature patients: outcome and classification. Knee. 26(6):1250-61, 2019
                                          3. Gilmore JH et al: Reconstruction techniques and clinical results of patellar tendon ruptures: evidence today. Knee. 22(3):148-55, 2015
                                          4. Yablon CM et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of the extensor mechanism. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 22(4):601-20, 2014
                                          5. Swamy GN et al: Is ultrasound diagnosis reliable in acute extensor tendon injuries of the knee? Acta Orthop Belg. 78(6):764-70, 2012
                                          6. Vaidyanathan S et al: Floating knee injury associated with patellar tendon rupture: a case report and review of literature. Case Rep Orthop. 2012:9, 2012
                                          7. Brooks P: Extensor mechanism ruptures. Orthopedics. 32(9), 2009
                                          8. Dupuis CS et al: Injuries and conditions of the extensor mechanism of the pediatric knee. Radiographics. 29(3):877-86, 2009
                                          9. Peace KA et al: Imaging the infrapatellar tendon in the elite athlete. Clin Radiol. 61(7):570-8, 2006
                                          10. McGrory JE: Disruption of the extensor mechanism of the knee. J Emerg Med. 24(2):163-8, 2003
                                          11. McKoy BE et al: Acute tibial tubercle avulsion fractures. Orthop Clin North Am. 34(3):397-403, 2003
                                          12. Pagnano MW: Patellar tendon and quadriceps tendon tears after total knee arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 16(4):242-7, 2003
                                          13. Panni AS et al: Overuse injuries of the extensor mechanism in athletes. Clin Sports Med. 21(3):483-98, ix, 2002
                                          14. Casey MT Jr et al: Neglected ruptures of the patellar tendon. A case series of four patients. Am J Sports Med. 29(4):457-60, 2001
                                          15. Kasten P et al: Rupture of the patellar tendon: a review of 68 cases and a retrospective study of 29 ruptures comparing two methods of augmentation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 121(10):578-82, 2001
                                          16. Sonin AH et al: MR imaging appearance of the extensor mechanism of the knee: functional anatomy and injury patterns. Radiographics. 15(2):367-82, 1995
                                          17. Sonin AH: Magnetic resonance imaging of the extensor mechanism. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2(3):401-11, 1994
                                          18. Yu JS et al: MR imaging of injuries of the extensor mechanism of the knee. Radiographics. 14(3):541-51, 1994
                                          19. Schweitzer ME et al: The patellar tendon: thickening, internal signal buckling, and other MR variants. Skeletal Radiol. 22(6):411-6, 1993
                                          20. Bodne D et al: Magnetic resonance images of chronic patellar tendinitis. Skeletal Radiol. 17(1):24-8, 1988
                                          21. Kricun R et al: Patellar tendon rupture with underlying systemic disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 135(4):803-7, 1980
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Patellar ligament = patellar tendon
                                                    • Patellar tendon injuries: patellar tendinopathy, patellar tendinosis, patellar tendon tear, jumper's knee, Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD), Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease (SLJ)

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • Radiographic Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Consider

                                                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                • Reporting Tips

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Levin ES et al: Increased signal in the proximal patellar tendon: normal or pathologic? Skeletal Radiol. 48(11):1747-51, 2019
                                                                                  2. Yousef MA: Traumatic injury of the knee extensor mechanism in skeletally immature patients: outcome and classification. Knee. 26(6):1250-61, 2019
                                                                                  3. Gilmore JH et al: Reconstruction techniques and clinical results of patellar tendon ruptures: evidence today. Knee. 22(3):148-55, 2015
                                                                                  4. Yablon CM et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of the extensor mechanism. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 22(4):601-20, 2014
                                                                                  5. Swamy GN et al: Is ultrasound diagnosis reliable in acute extensor tendon injuries of the knee? Acta Orthop Belg. 78(6):764-70, 2012
                                                                                  6. Vaidyanathan S et al: Floating knee injury associated with patellar tendon rupture: a case report and review of literature. Case Rep Orthop. 2012:9, 2012
                                                                                  7. Brooks P: Extensor mechanism ruptures. Orthopedics. 32(9), 2009
                                                                                  8. Dupuis CS et al: Injuries and conditions of the extensor mechanism of the pediatric knee. Radiographics. 29(3):877-86, 2009
                                                                                  9. Peace KA et al: Imaging the infrapatellar tendon in the elite athlete. Clin Radiol. 61(7):570-8, 2006
                                                                                  10. McGrory JE: Disruption of the extensor mechanism of the knee. J Emerg Med. 24(2):163-8, 2003
                                                                                  11. McKoy BE et al: Acute tibial tubercle avulsion fractures. Orthop Clin North Am. 34(3):397-403, 2003
                                                                                  12. Pagnano MW: Patellar tendon and quadriceps tendon tears after total knee arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 16(4):242-7, 2003
                                                                                  13. Panni AS et al: Overuse injuries of the extensor mechanism in athletes. Clin Sports Med. 21(3):483-98, ix, 2002
                                                                                  14. Casey MT Jr et al: Neglected ruptures of the patellar tendon. A case series of four patients. Am J Sports Med. 29(4):457-60, 2001
                                                                                  15. Kasten P et al: Rupture of the patellar tendon: a review of 68 cases and a retrospective study of 29 ruptures comparing two methods of augmentation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 121(10):578-82, 2001
                                                                                  16. Sonin AH et al: MR imaging appearance of the extensor mechanism of the knee: functional anatomy and injury patterns. Radiographics. 15(2):367-82, 1995
                                                                                  17. Sonin AH: Magnetic resonance imaging of the extensor mechanism. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2(3):401-11, 1994
                                                                                  18. Yu JS et al: MR imaging of injuries of the extensor mechanism of the knee. Radiographics. 14(3):541-51, 1994
                                                                                  19. Schweitzer ME et al: The patellar tendon: thickening, internal signal buckling, and other MR variants. Skeletal Radiol. 22(6):411-6, 1993
                                                                                  20. Bodne D et al: Magnetic resonance images of chronic patellar tendinitis. Skeletal Radiol. 17(1):24-8, 1988
                                                                                  21. Kricun R et al: Patellar tendon rupture with underlying systemic disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 135(4):803-7, 1980