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Spine
Diagnosis
Peripheral Nerve and Plexus
Plexus and Peripheral Nerve Lesions
Peripheral Neurolymphomatosis
Peripheral Neurolymphomatosis
Kevin R. Moore, MD; Jeffrey S. Ross, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Synonyms

                • Peripheral neurolymphomatosis (NL), perineural lymphomatosis

              • Definitions

                • Perineural plexus or peripheral nerve lymphomatous infiltration

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                              • Microscopic Features

                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                • Presentation

                                  • Demographics

                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                      • Treatment

                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                        • Consider

                                          • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                            Selected References

                                            1. Iacobellis F et al: Secondary neurolymphomatosis of the radial nerve: a diagnostic challenge. Am J Case Rep. 20:1652-8, 2019
                                            2. Foo TL et al: Peripheral nerve lymphomatosis. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol. 22(1):104-7, 2017
                                            3. Akagi A et al: Neurolymphomatosis exhibiting repeated exacerbation and remission in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. J Neurol Sci. 345(1-2):267-8, 2014
                                            4. Grande AD et al: Primary multifocal lymphoma of peripheral nervous system: case report and review of the literature. Muscle Nerve. 50(6):1016-22, 2014
                                            5. Kamiya-Matsuoka C et al: Neurolymphomatosis: a case series of clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes. J Neurol Sci. 343(1-2):144-8, 2014
                                            6. Lagarde S et al: Primary neurolymphomatosis diagnosis and treatment: a retrospective study. J Neurol Sci. 342(1-2):178-81, 2014
                                            7. Padma S et al: Primary peripheral neurolymphomatosis mimicking synovial sarcoma: FDG PETCT to the rescue. J Cancer Res Ther. 10(3):726-9, 2014
                                            8. Tsai HH et al: Neurolymphomatosis as the primary presentation of non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 86(8):929-30, 2014
                                            9. Zhou WL et al: Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of neurolymphomatosis. Nucl Med Commun. 35(11):1107-11, 2014
                                            10. Choi YJ et al: Neurolymphomatosis of brachial plexus in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2013:492329, 2013
                                            11. Tanaka H et al: Secondary neurolymphomatosis detected by whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: a case report. J Clin Exp Hematop. 53(3):221-6, 2013
                                            12. Chamberlain MC et al: Neurolymphomatosis: a rare metastatic complication of diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma. J Neurooncol. 95(2):285-8, 2009
                                            13. Khong P et al: Isolated neurolymphomatosis of the cauda equina and filum terminale: case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 33(21):E807-11, 2008
                                            14. Levin N et al: Primary T-cell CNS lymphoma presenting with leptomeningeal spread and neurolymphomatosis. J Neurooncol. 90(1):77-83, 2008
                                            15. Lin M et al: Neurolymphomatosis--diagnosis and assessment of treatment response by FDG PET-CT. Hematol Oncol. 26(1):43-5, 2008
                                            16. Shibata-Hamaguchi A et al: B-cell neurolymphomatosis confined to the peripheral nervous system. J Neurol Sci. 260(1-2):249-52, 2007
                                            17. Kelly JJ et al: Lymphoma and peripheral neuropathy: a clinical review. Muscle Nerve. 31(3):301-13, 2005
                                            18. Dakwar E et al: Sciatic neurolymphomatosis. Neurology. 63(9):1751, 2004
                                            19. Pagès M et al: Sensory neuropathy as revealing symptom of neurolymphomatosis: report of a case with a 15-year duration. Eur Neurol. 52(1):57-8, 2004
                                            20. Baehring JM et al: Neurolymphomatosis. Neuro Oncol. 5(2):104-15, 2003
                                            21. Moore KR et al: Neurolymphomatosis of the lumbar plexus: high-resolution MR neurography findings. Neurology. 57(4):740-2, 2001
                                            22. Moore KR et al: The value of MR neurography for evaluating extraspinal neuropathic leg pain: a pictorial essay. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 22(4):786-94, 2001
                                            23. Swarnkar A et al: MR imaging of brachial plexopathy in neurolymphomatosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 169(4):1189-90, 1997
                                            24. Diaz-Arrastia R et al: Neurolymphomatosis: a clinicopathologic syndrome re-emerges. Neurology. 42(6):1136-41, 1992
                                            25. Krendel DA et al: Lymphomatous polyneuropathy. Biopsy of clinically involved nerve and successful treatment. Arch Neurol. 48(3):330-2, 1991
                                            26. Jellinger K et al: Involvement of the central nervous system in malignant lymphomas. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol. 370(4):345-62, 1976
                                            Related Anatomy
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                                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                            References
                                            Tables

                                            Tables

                                            KEY FACTS

                                            • Terminology

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                                        • Synonyms

                                                          • Peripheral neurolymphomatosis (NL), perineural lymphomatosis

                                                        • Definitions

                                                          • Perineural plexus or peripheral nerve lymphomatous infiltration

                                                        IMAGING

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                                            • CT Findings

                                                              • MR Findings

                                                                • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                    PATHOLOGY

                                                                    • General Features

                                                                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                        • Microscopic Features

                                                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                          • Presentation

                                                                            • Demographics

                                                                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                • Treatment

                                                                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                  • Consider

                                                                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                      Selected References

                                                                                      1. Iacobellis F et al: Secondary neurolymphomatosis of the radial nerve: a diagnostic challenge. Am J Case Rep. 20:1652-8, 2019
                                                                                      2. Foo TL et al: Peripheral nerve lymphomatosis. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol. 22(1):104-7, 2017
                                                                                      3. Akagi A et al: Neurolymphomatosis exhibiting repeated exacerbation and remission in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. J Neurol Sci. 345(1-2):267-8, 2014
                                                                                      4. Grande AD et al: Primary multifocal lymphoma of peripheral nervous system: case report and review of the literature. Muscle Nerve. 50(6):1016-22, 2014
                                                                                      5. Kamiya-Matsuoka C et al: Neurolymphomatosis: a case series of clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes. J Neurol Sci. 343(1-2):144-8, 2014
                                                                                      6. Lagarde S et al: Primary neurolymphomatosis diagnosis and treatment: a retrospective study. J Neurol Sci. 342(1-2):178-81, 2014
                                                                                      7. Padma S et al: Primary peripheral neurolymphomatosis mimicking synovial sarcoma: FDG PETCT to the rescue. J Cancer Res Ther. 10(3):726-9, 2014
                                                                                      8. Tsai HH et al: Neurolymphomatosis as the primary presentation of non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 86(8):929-30, 2014
                                                                                      9. Zhou WL et al: Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of neurolymphomatosis. Nucl Med Commun. 35(11):1107-11, 2014
                                                                                      10. Choi YJ et al: Neurolymphomatosis of brachial plexus in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Case Rep Oncol Med. 2013:492329, 2013
                                                                                      11. Tanaka H et al: Secondary neurolymphomatosis detected by whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: a case report. J Clin Exp Hematop. 53(3):221-6, 2013
                                                                                      12. Chamberlain MC et al: Neurolymphomatosis: a rare metastatic complication of diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma. J Neurooncol. 95(2):285-8, 2009
                                                                                      13. Khong P et al: Isolated neurolymphomatosis of the cauda equina and filum terminale: case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 33(21):E807-11, 2008
                                                                                      14. Levin N et al: Primary T-cell CNS lymphoma presenting with leptomeningeal spread and neurolymphomatosis. J Neurooncol. 90(1):77-83, 2008
                                                                                      15. Lin M et al: Neurolymphomatosis--diagnosis and assessment of treatment response by FDG PET-CT. Hematol Oncol. 26(1):43-5, 2008
                                                                                      16. Shibata-Hamaguchi A et al: B-cell neurolymphomatosis confined to the peripheral nervous system. J Neurol Sci. 260(1-2):249-52, 2007
                                                                                      17. Kelly JJ et al: Lymphoma and peripheral neuropathy: a clinical review. Muscle Nerve. 31(3):301-13, 2005
                                                                                      18. Dakwar E et al: Sciatic neurolymphomatosis. Neurology. 63(9):1751, 2004
                                                                                      19. Pagès M et al: Sensory neuropathy as revealing symptom of neurolymphomatosis: report of a case with a 15-year duration. Eur Neurol. 52(1):57-8, 2004
                                                                                      20. Baehring JM et al: Neurolymphomatosis. Neuro Oncol. 5(2):104-15, 2003
                                                                                      21. Moore KR et al: Neurolymphomatosis of the lumbar plexus: high-resolution MR neurography findings. Neurology. 57(4):740-2, 2001
                                                                                      22. Moore KR et al: The value of MR neurography for evaluating extraspinal neuropathic leg pain: a pictorial essay. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 22(4):786-94, 2001
                                                                                      23. Swarnkar A et al: MR imaging of brachial plexopathy in neurolymphomatosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 169(4):1189-90, 1997
                                                                                      24. Diaz-Arrastia R et al: Neurolymphomatosis: a clinicopathologic syndrome re-emerges. Neurology. 42(6):1136-41, 1992
                                                                                      25. Krendel DA et al: Lymphomatous polyneuropathy. Biopsy of clinically involved nerve and successful treatment. Arch Neurol. 48(3):330-2, 1991
                                                                                      26. Jellinger K et al: Involvement of the central nervous system in malignant lymphomas. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol. 370(4):345-62, 1976