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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Petrous apex (PA) cephalocele (PAC)
Synonyms
- PA arachnoid cyst, cavum trigeminale cephalocele
Definitions
- Congenital or acquired dehiscence of PA roof & localized herniation of floor of Meckel cave (MC)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Alkhaibary A et al: Bilateral petrous apex cephaloceles: is surgical intervention indicated? Int J Surg Case Rep. 72:373-6, 2020
- Warade AG et al: Petrous apex cephalocele presenting with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in an adult. J Clin Neurosci. 25:155-7, 2016
- Boppel T et al: Excavating Meckel's cave: cavum-trigeminale-cephaloceles (CTCs). J Neuroradiol. 42(3):156-61, 2015
- Jamjoom DZ et al: The association between petrous apex cephalocele and empty sella. Surg Radiol Anat. 37(10):1179-82, 2015
- Çavusoglu M et al: Petrous apex cephalocoele: contribution of coexisting intracranial pathologies to the aetiopathogenesis. Br J Radiol. 88(1048):20140721, 2015
- Hatipoğlu HG et al: Petrous apex cephalocele and empty sella/arachnoid cyst coexistence: a clue for cerebrospinal fluid pressure imbalance? Diagn Interv Radiol. 16(1):7-9, 2010
- Stark TA et al: Dilation of the subarachnoid spaces surrounding the cranial nerves with petrous apex cephaloceles in Usher syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(2):434-6, 2009
- Alorainy IA: Petrous apex cephalocele and empty sella: is there any relation? Eur J Radiol. 62(3):378-84, 2007
- Leonetti JP et al: Incidental petrous apex findings on magnetic resonance imaging. Ear Nose Throat J. 80(4):200-2, 205-6, 2001
- Moore KR et al: Petrous apex cephaloceles. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 22(10):1867-71, 2001
- Vergoni G et al: Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea in anteromedial temporal occult encephalocele. Br J Neurosurg. 15(2):156-8, 2001
- Cheung SW et al: Petrous apex arachnoid cyst: radiographic confusion with primary cholesteatoma. Am J Otol. 16(5):690-4, 1995
- Beaumont GD et al: Encephalocoele involving the petrous bone. Neuroradiology. 32(6):533-4, 1990
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Petrous apex (PA) cephalocele (PAC)
Synonyms
- PA arachnoid cyst, cavum trigeminale cephalocele
Definitions
- Congenital or acquired dehiscence of PA roof & localized herniation of floor of Meckel cave (MC)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Alkhaibary A et al: Bilateral petrous apex cephaloceles: is surgical intervention indicated? Int J Surg Case Rep. 72:373-6, 2020
- Warade AG et al: Petrous apex cephalocele presenting with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in an adult. J Clin Neurosci. 25:155-7, 2016
- Boppel T et al: Excavating Meckel's cave: cavum-trigeminale-cephaloceles (CTCs). J Neuroradiol. 42(3):156-61, 2015
- Jamjoom DZ et al: The association between petrous apex cephalocele and empty sella. Surg Radiol Anat. 37(10):1179-82, 2015
- Çavusoglu M et al: Petrous apex cephalocoele: contribution of coexisting intracranial pathologies to the aetiopathogenesis. Br J Radiol. 88(1048):20140721, 2015
- Hatipoğlu HG et al: Petrous apex cephalocele and empty sella/arachnoid cyst coexistence: a clue for cerebrospinal fluid pressure imbalance? Diagn Interv Radiol. 16(1):7-9, 2010
- Stark TA et al: Dilation of the subarachnoid spaces surrounding the cranial nerves with petrous apex cephaloceles in Usher syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(2):434-6, 2009
- Alorainy IA: Petrous apex cephalocele and empty sella: is there any relation? Eur J Radiol. 62(3):378-84, 2007
- Leonetti JP et al: Incidental petrous apex findings on magnetic resonance imaging. Ear Nose Throat J. 80(4):200-2, 205-6, 2001
- Moore KR et al: Petrous apex cephaloceles. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 22(10):1867-71, 2001
- Vergoni G et al: Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea in anteromedial temporal occult encephalocele. Br J Neurosurg. 15(2):156-8, 2001
- Cheung SW et al: Petrous apex arachnoid cyst: radiographic confusion with primary cholesteatoma. Am J Otol. 16(5):690-4, 1995
- Beaumont GD et al: Encephalocoele involving the petrous bone. Neuroradiology. 32(6):533-4, 1990
