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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Pial arteriovenous fistula (pAVF)
Definitions
- Pial vascular malformation with direct arteriovenous (AV) shunting
- 1 or more pial (cortical) arteries connects to single venous channel
- No intervening capillary bed or nidus
- Rare (1-2% of all intracranial AV malformations)
- Pial vascular malformation with direct arteriovenous (AV) shunting
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
- Kalra N et al: Surgical disconnection of a residual paediatric pial arterio-venous fistula following partial embolisation : A case study. World Neurosurg. ePub, 2020
- Lv X et al: Pediatric intracranial arteriovenous shunts: advances in diagnosis and treatment. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 138: 227-30, 2020
- Wang S et al: Trigeminal neuralgia associated with cerebellar pial arteriovenous fistula: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(3):e18873, 2020
- Lin TC et al: De novo formation of pial arteriovenous fistulas: systematic review of acquired lesions and their clinical differences compared with primary lesions. World Neurosurg. 128:e276-82, 2019
- Goel A et al: Pial arteriovenous fistula: a brief review and report of 14 surgically treated cases. World Neurosurg. 110:e873-81, 2018
- Griffin AS et al: Onyx embolization of a pial AV fistula with a giant venous varix using a flow-directed Scepter balloon catheter: Technical note. Interv Neuroradiol. 24(6):702-5, 2018
- Yu J et al: Intracranial non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistula: a review of the literature. Interv Neuroradiol. 22(5):557-68, 2016
- Jouibari MF et al: Pial arteriovenous fistula with giant varices: report of two cases with good surgical outcome. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg. 16(2):98-103, 2014
- Jabbour P et al: Endovascular treatment of cerebral dural and pial arteriovenous fistulas. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 23(4):625-36, 2013
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Pial arteriovenous fistula (pAVF)
Definitions
- Pial vascular malformation with direct arteriovenous (AV) shunting
- 1 or more pial (cortical) arteries connects to single venous channel
- No intervening capillary bed or nidus
- Rare (1-2% of all intracranial AV malformations)
- Pial vascular malformation with direct arteriovenous (AV) shunting
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
- Kalra N et al: Surgical disconnection of a residual paediatric pial arterio-venous fistula following partial embolisation : A case study. World Neurosurg. ePub, 2020
- Lv X et al: Pediatric intracranial arteriovenous shunts: advances in diagnosis and treatment. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 138: 227-30, 2020
- Wang S et al: Trigeminal neuralgia associated with cerebellar pial arteriovenous fistula: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(3):e18873, 2020
- Lin TC et al: De novo formation of pial arteriovenous fistulas: systematic review of acquired lesions and their clinical differences compared with primary lesions. World Neurosurg. 128:e276-82, 2019
- Goel A et al: Pial arteriovenous fistula: a brief review and report of 14 surgically treated cases. World Neurosurg. 110:e873-81, 2018
- Griffin AS et al: Onyx embolization of a pial AV fistula with a giant venous varix using a flow-directed Scepter balloon catheter: Technical note. Interv Neuroradiol. 24(6):702-5, 2018
- Yu J et al: Intracranial non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistula: a review of the literature. Interv Neuroradiol. 22(5):557-68, 2016
- Jouibari MF et al: Pial arteriovenous fistula with giant varices: report of two cases with good surgical outcome. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg. 16(2):98-103, 2014
- Jabbour P et al: Endovascular treatment of cerebral dural and pial arteriovenous fistulas. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 23(4):625-36, 2013
