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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA)
- Myxoid variant of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA)
Definitions
- Tumor with monomorphic piloid cells dispersed in mucopolysaccharide-rich matrix
- More aggressive tumor than PA with high risk of local recurrence, dissemination
- Tumor with monomorphic piloid cells dispersed in mucopolysaccharide-rich matrix
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- He J et al: Posterior fossa pilomyxoid astrocytoma with spontaneous hemorrhage in pediatric patients. Childs Nerv Syst. 34(1):149-53, 2018
- Louis DN et al: The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 131(6):803-20, 2016
- Wang Z et al: Spontaneous intratumoural and intraventricular haemorrhage associated with a pilomyxoid astrocytoma in the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region. J Clin Neurosci. 33:217-20, 2016
- Alkonyi B et al: Differential imaging characteristics and dissemination potential of pilomyxoid astrocytomas versus pilocytic astrocytomas. Neuroradiology. 57(6):625-38, 2015
- Amarasinghe SG et al: A rare case of multicystic disseminated astrocytoma with pilomyxoid characteristics in a 4-year-old child. Childs Nerv Syst. 31(4):625-9, 2015
- Nabavizadeh SA et al: High accuracy of arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging in differentiation of pilomyxoid from pilocytic astrocytoma. Neuroradiology. 57(5):527-33, 2015
- El Beltagy MA et al: Surgical and clinical aspects of cerebellar pilomyxoid-spectrum astrocytomas in children. Childs Nerv Syst. 30(6):1045-53, 2014
- Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) shows significant differences in gene expression vs. pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) and variable tendency toward maturation to PA. Brain Pathol. 25(4):429-40, 2015
- Amirjamshidi A et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 11(5):613, 2013
- Bhargava D et al: Occurrence and distribution of pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Br J Neurosurg. 27(4):413-8, 2013
- Lee IH et al: Imaging characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytomas in comparison with pilocytic astrocytomas. Eur J Radiol. 79(2):311-6, 2011
- Johnson MW et al: Spectrum of pilomyxoid astrocytomas: intermediate pilomyxoid tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 34(12):1783-91, 2010
- Amatya VJ et al: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of three pilomyxoid astrocytomas: comparative study with 11 pilocytic astrocytomas. Pathol Int. 59(2):80-5, 2009
- Buccoliero AM et al: Occipital pilomyxoid astrocytoma in a 14-year-old girl--case report. Clin Neuropathol. 27(6):373-7, 2008
- Komotar RJ et al: Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Neurol Res. 30(9):945-51, 2008
- Linscott LL et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma: expanding the imaging spectrum. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(10):1861-6, 2008
- Brat DJ et al: Newly codified glial neoplasms of the 2007 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System: angiocentric glioma, pilomyxoid astrocytoma and pituicytoma. Brain Pathol. 17(3):319-24, 2007
- Ceppa EP et al: The pilomyxoid astrocytoma and its relationship to pilocytic astrocytoma: report of a case and a critical review of the entity. J Neurooncol. 81(2):191-6, 2007
- Morales H et al: Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of pilomyxoid astrocytomas: case reports and comparison with pilocytic astrocytomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 31(5):682-7, 2007
- Komotar RJ et al: Astrocytoma with pilomyxoid features presenting in an adult. Neuropathology. 26(1):89-93, 2006
- Melendez B et al: BCR gene disruption in a pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Neuropathology. 26(5):442-6, 2006
- Cirak B et al: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in pediatric pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Childs Nerv Syst. 21(5):404-9, 2005
- Komotar RJ et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the spinal cord: report of three cases. Neurosurgery. 56(1):191, 2005
- Chikai K et al: Clinico-pathological features of pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the optic pathway. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 108(2):109-14, 2004
- Darwish B et al: Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma 'pilomyxoid variant' with spinal metastases. J Clin Neurosci. 11(6):640-2, 2004
- Komotar RJ et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma: a review. MedGenMed. 6(4):42, 2004
- Arslanoglu A et al: MR imaging characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24(9):1906-8, 2003
- Burger PC et al: Pathology of diencephalic astrocytomas. Pediatr Neurosurg. 32(4):214-9, 2000
- Tihan T et al: Pediatric astrocytomas with monomorphous pilomyxoid features and a less favorable outcome. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 58(10):1061-8, 1999
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA)
- Myxoid variant of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA)
Definitions
- Tumor with monomorphic piloid cells dispersed in mucopolysaccharide-rich matrix
- More aggressive tumor than PA with high risk of local recurrence, dissemination
- Tumor with monomorphic piloid cells dispersed in mucopolysaccharide-rich matrix
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- He J et al: Posterior fossa pilomyxoid astrocytoma with spontaneous hemorrhage in pediatric patients. Childs Nerv Syst. 34(1):149-53, 2018
- Louis DN et al: The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 131(6):803-20, 2016
- Wang Z et al: Spontaneous intratumoural and intraventricular haemorrhage associated with a pilomyxoid astrocytoma in the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region. J Clin Neurosci. 33:217-20, 2016
- Alkonyi B et al: Differential imaging characteristics and dissemination potential of pilomyxoid astrocytomas versus pilocytic astrocytomas. Neuroradiology. 57(6):625-38, 2015
- Amarasinghe SG et al: A rare case of multicystic disseminated astrocytoma with pilomyxoid characteristics in a 4-year-old child. Childs Nerv Syst. 31(4):625-9, 2015
- Nabavizadeh SA et al: High accuracy of arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging in differentiation of pilomyxoid from pilocytic astrocytoma. Neuroradiology. 57(5):527-33, 2015
- El Beltagy MA et al: Surgical and clinical aspects of cerebellar pilomyxoid-spectrum astrocytomas in children. Childs Nerv Syst. 30(6):1045-53, 2014
- Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) shows significant differences in gene expression vs. pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) and variable tendency toward maturation to PA. Brain Pathol. 25(4):429-40, 2015
- Amirjamshidi A et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 11(5):613, 2013
- Bhargava D et al: Occurrence and distribution of pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Br J Neurosurg. 27(4):413-8, 2013
- Lee IH et al: Imaging characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytomas in comparison with pilocytic astrocytomas. Eur J Radiol. 79(2):311-6, 2011
- Johnson MW et al: Spectrum of pilomyxoid astrocytomas: intermediate pilomyxoid tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 34(12):1783-91, 2010
- Amatya VJ et al: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of three pilomyxoid astrocytomas: comparative study with 11 pilocytic astrocytomas. Pathol Int. 59(2):80-5, 2009
- Buccoliero AM et al: Occipital pilomyxoid astrocytoma in a 14-year-old girl--case report. Clin Neuropathol. 27(6):373-7, 2008
- Komotar RJ et al: Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Neurol Res. 30(9):945-51, 2008
- Linscott LL et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma: expanding the imaging spectrum. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(10):1861-6, 2008
- Brat DJ et al: Newly codified glial neoplasms of the 2007 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System: angiocentric glioma, pilomyxoid astrocytoma and pituicytoma. Brain Pathol. 17(3):319-24, 2007
- Ceppa EP et al: The pilomyxoid astrocytoma and its relationship to pilocytic astrocytoma: report of a case and a critical review of the entity. J Neurooncol. 81(2):191-6, 2007
- Morales H et al: Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of pilomyxoid astrocytomas: case reports and comparison with pilocytic astrocytomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 31(5):682-7, 2007
- Komotar RJ et al: Astrocytoma with pilomyxoid features presenting in an adult. Neuropathology. 26(1):89-93, 2006
- Melendez B et al: BCR gene disruption in a pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Neuropathology. 26(5):442-6, 2006
- Cirak B et al: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in pediatric pilomyxoid astrocytoma. Childs Nerv Syst. 21(5):404-9, 2005
- Komotar RJ et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the spinal cord: report of three cases. Neurosurgery. 56(1):191, 2005
- Chikai K et al: Clinico-pathological features of pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the optic pathway. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 108(2):109-14, 2004
- Darwish B et al: Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma 'pilomyxoid variant' with spinal metastases. J Clin Neurosci. 11(6):640-2, 2004
- Komotar RJ et al: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma: a review. MedGenMed. 6(4):42, 2004
- Arslanoglu A et al: MR imaging characteristics of pilomyxoid astrocytomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24(9):1906-8, 2003
- Burger PC et al: Pathology of diencephalic astrocytomas. Pediatr Neurosurg. 32(4):214-9, 2000
- Tihan T et al: Pediatric astrocytomas with monomorphous pilomyxoid features and a less favorable outcome. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 58(10):1061-8, 1999
