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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Plantar fasciitis: Jogger's heel, tennis heel, policeman's heel, heel spur syndrome, calcaneal spur syndrome, plantar fasciopathy
- Plantar fibromatosis: Ledderhose disease, plantar fibroma
Definitions
- Plantar fascia = multilayered fibrous aponeurosis, 1-2 mm thick, with medial, central, and lateral bands
- Supports long and short plantar ligaments in maintaining longitudinal arches of foot
- Innervated by medial calcaneal nerve and 1st branch lateral plantar nerve
- Entrapment of 1st branch lateral plantar nerve (Baxter neuropathy) can simulate plantar fasciitis
- Innervated by medial calcaneal nerve and 1st branch lateral plantar nerve
- Medial band is least significant
- Inserts into 1st metatarsophalangeal joint
- Central band is largest; originates from medial tuberosity of calcaneum
- Divides in forefoot into 5 bands that insert onto plantar plates of metatarsophalangeal joints
- Lateral band inserts into base of 5th metatarsal bone
- Supports long and short plantar ligaments in maintaining longitudinal arches of foot
- Plantar fasciitis: Degeneration ± fibroblastic proliferation of plantar fascia insertion to medial tuberosity of calcaneus
- As there is no clear inflammatory component, plantar fasciopathy may be more favorable term
- Plantar fibromatosis: Nodular fibroblastic proliferation of plantar fascia separate from calcaneus
- Plantar fascia = multilayered fibrous aponeurosis, 1-2 mm thick, with medial, central, and lateral bands
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Draghi F et al: Imaging of plantar fascia disorders: findings on plain radiography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Insights Imaging. 8(1):69-78, 2017
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Plantar fasciitis: Jogger's heel, tennis heel, policeman's heel, heel spur syndrome, calcaneal spur syndrome, plantar fasciopathy
- Plantar fibromatosis: Ledderhose disease, plantar fibroma
Definitions
- Plantar fascia = multilayered fibrous aponeurosis, 1-2 mm thick, with medial, central, and lateral bands
- Supports long and short plantar ligaments in maintaining longitudinal arches of foot
- Innervated by medial calcaneal nerve and 1st branch lateral plantar nerve
- Entrapment of 1st branch lateral plantar nerve (Baxter neuropathy) can simulate plantar fasciitis
- Innervated by medial calcaneal nerve and 1st branch lateral plantar nerve
- Medial band is least significant
- Inserts into 1st metatarsophalangeal joint
- Central band is largest; originates from medial tuberosity of calcaneum
- Divides in forefoot into 5 bands that insert onto plantar plates of metatarsophalangeal joints
- Lateral band inserts into base of 5th metatarsal bone
- Supports long and short plantar ligaments in maintaining longitudinal arches of foot
- Plantar fasciitis: Degeneration ± fibroblastic proliferation of plantar fascia insertion to medial tuberosity of calcaneus
- As there is no clear inflammatory component, plantar fasciopathy may be more favorable term
- Plantar fibromatosis: Nodular fibroblastic proliferation of plantar fascia separate from calcaneus
- Plantar fascia = multilayered fibrous aponeurosis, 1-2 mm thick, with medial, central, and lateral bands
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Draghi F et al: Imaging of plantar fascia disorders: findings on plain radiography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Insights Imaging. 8(1):69-78, 2017
