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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Portal hypertension: Pressure gradient of 12 mm Hg between main portal vein and inferior vena cava &/or hepatic veins
- Increased portal pressures cause portal blood flow to divert into portosystemic collaterals, eventually resulting in increased arterial resistance and reversal of flow in portal veins
IMAGING
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Diagnostic Pitfalls
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Etiology
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Turco L et al: Portal hypertension: pathogenesis and diagnosis. Clin Liver Dis. 23(4):573-87, 2019
- Benson CB et al: Ultrasound of the hepatoportal circulation. In AbuRahma AF et al: Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis, 4th ed: A Practical Guide to Therapy. Springer, 2017
- Iranpour P et al: Altered Doppler flow patterns in cirrhosis patients: an overview. Ultrasonography. 35(1):3-12, 2016
- Lee WK et al: Imaging assessment of congenital and acquired abnormalities of the portal venous system. Radiographics. 31(4):905-26, 2011
- McNaughton DA et al: Doppler US of the liver made simple. Radiographics. 31(1):161-88, 2011
- de Franchis R et al: Revising consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 53(4):762-8, 2010
- Robinson KA et al: Doppler sonography of portal hypertension. Ultrasound Q. 25(1):3-13, 2009
- Wachsberg RH et al: Hepatofugal flow in the portal venous system: pathophysiology, imaging findings, and diagnostic pitfalls. Radiographics. 22(1):123-40, 2002
- Haag K et al: Correlation of duplex sonography findings and portal pressure in 375 patients with portal hypertension. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(3):631-5, 1999
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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Portal hypertension: Pressure gradient of 12 mm Hg between main portal vein and inferior vena cava &/or hepatic veins
- Increased portal pressures cause portal blood flow to divert into portosystemic collaterals, eventually resulting in increased arterial resistance and reversal of flow in portal veins
IMAGING
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Diagnostic Pitfalls
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Etiology
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Turco L et al: Portal hypertension: pathogenesis and diagnosis. Clin Liver Dis. 23(4):573-87, 2019
- Benson CB et al: Ultrasound of the hepatoportal circulation. In AbuRahma AF et al: Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis, 4th ed: A Practical Guide to Therapy. Springer, 2017
- Iranpour P et al: Altered Doppler flow patterns in cirrhosis patients: an overview. Ultrasonography. 35(1):3-12, 2016
- Lee WK et al: Imaging assessment of congenital and acquired abnormalities of the portal venous system. Radiographics. 31(4):905-26, 2011
- McNaughton DA et al: Doppler US of the liver made simple. Radiographics. 31(1):161-88, 2011
- de Franchis R et al: Revising consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 53(4):762-8, 2010
- Robinson KA et al: Doppler sonography of portal hypertension. Ultrasound Q. 25(1):3-13, 2009
- Wachsberg RH et al: Hepatofugal flow in the portal venous system: pathophysiology, imaging findings, and diagnostic pitfalls. Radiographics. 22(1):123-40, 2002
- Haag K et al: Correlation of duplex sonography findings and portal pressure in 375 patients with portal hypertension. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(3):631-5, 1999
