Iatrogenic changes to hepatic morphology that may cause or simulate pathologic conditions
IMAGING
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Bhayana R et al: Abdominal imaging findings in COVID-19: preliminary observations. Radiology. 297(1):E207-15, 2020
Timaran Montenegro DE et al: CT-based hepatic residual volume and predictors of outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma unsuitable for surgical therapy undergoing transarterial chemoembolization. Acad Radiol. 27(6):807-14, 2020
Yuan C et al: Efficacy of ultrasound-, computed tomography-, and magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther. 15(4):784-92, 2019
Hafezi-Nejad N et al: Imaging of post-operative pancreas and complications after pancreatic adenocarcinoma resection. Abdom Radiol (NY). 43(2):476-88, 2018
Minami Y et al: Therapeutic response assessment of RFA for HCC: contrast-enhanced US, CT and MRI. World J Gastroenterol. 20(15):4160-6, 2014
Rajković Z et al: Differential diagnosis and clinical relevance of pneumobilia or portal vein gas on abdominal x-ray. Acta Clin Croat. 52(3):369-73, 2013
Kim JH et al: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation using internally cooled wet electrodes for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(2):471-6, 2012
Pai M et al: Radiofrequency assisted liver resection: analysis of 604 consecutive cases. Eur J Surg Oncol. 38(3):274-80, 2012
Park SY et al: Radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastases after curative resection of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Dec;197(6):W1129-34. Erratum in: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(1):2, 2012
Kim AY et al: Venous thrombosis after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(6):1474-80, 2011
Shah PA et al: Hepatic gas: widening spectrum of causes detected at CT and US in the interventional era. Radiographics. 31(5):1403-13, 2011
Arnold AC et al: Postoperative Surgicel mimicking abscesses following cholecystectomy and liver biopsy. Emerg Radiol. 15(3):183-5, 2008
Khankan AA et al: Hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radio frequency ablation: an early evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 27(3):546-51, 2008
Simon CJ et al: Pulmonary radiofrequency ablation: long-term safety and efficacy in 153 patients. Radiology. 243(1):268-75, 2007
Zhang YJ et al: Hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiofrequency ablation with or without ethanol injection: a prospective randomized trial. Radiology. 244(2):599-607, 2007
Ahrar K et al: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of renal tumors: technique, complications, and outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 16(5):679-88, 2005
Lencioni R et al: Early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: long-term results of percutaneous image-guided radiofrequency ablation. Radiology. 234(3):961-7, 2005
Lu DS et al: Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: treatment success as defined by histologic examination of the explanted liver. Radiology. 234(3):954-60, 2005
Oei T et al: Radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors: a new cause of benign portal venous gas. Radiology. 237(2):709-17, 2005
Sandrasegaran K et al: Distinguishing gelatin bioabsorbable sponge and postoperative abdominal abscess on CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(2):475-80, 2005
Wah TM et al: Image-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and incidence of post-radiofrequency ablation syndrome: prospective survey. Radiology. 237(3):1097-102, 2005
Iannitti DA et al: Portal venous gas detected by computed tomography: is surgery imperative? Dig Surg. 20(4):306-15, 2003
Rossi S et al: Percutaneous radio-frequency thermal ablation of nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after occlusion of tumor blood supply. Radiology. 217(1):119-26, 2000
Oto A et al: MR characteristics of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(6):1481-4, 1999
Melamed JW et al: Sonographic appearance of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel): pitfall in the diagnosis of postoperative abscess. J Ultrasound Med. 14(1):27-30, 1995
Young ST et al: Appearance of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel) on postoperative CT scans: similarity to postoperative abscess. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 160(2):275-7, 1993
Related Anatomy
Loading...
Related Differential Diagnoses
Loading...
References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Iatrogenic changes to hepatic morphology that may cause or simulate pathologic conditions
IMAGING
Imaging Recommendations
CT Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL ISSUES
Demographics
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Bhayana R et al: Abdominal imaging findings in COVID-19: preliminary observations. Radiology. 297(1):E207-15, 2020
Timaran Montenegro DE et al: CT-based hepatic residual volume and predictors of outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma unsuitable for surgical therapy undergoing transarterial chemoembolization. Acad Radiol. 27(6):807-14, 2020
Yuan C et al: Efficacy of ultrasound-, computed tomography-, and magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther. 15(4):784-92, 2019
Hafezi-Nejad N et al: Imaging of post-operative pancreas and complications after pancreatic adenocarcinoma resection. Abdom Radiol (NY). 43(2):476-88, 2018
Minami Y et al: Therapeutic response assessment of RFA for HCC: contrast-enhanced US, CT and MRI. World J Gastroenterol. 20(15):4160-6, 2014
Rajković Z et al: Differential diagnosis and clinical relevance of pneumobilia or portal vein gas on abdominal x-ray. Acta Clin Croat. 52(3):369-73, 2013
Kim JH et al: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation using internally cooled wet electrodes for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(2):471-6, 2012
Pai M et al: Radiofrequency assisted liver resection: analysis of 604 consecutive cases. Eur J Surg Oncol. 38(3):274-80, 2012
Park SY et al: Radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastases after curative resection of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011 Dec;197(6):W1129-34. Erratum in: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(1):2, 2012
Kim AY et al: Venous thrombosis after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(6):1474-80, 2011
Shah PA et al: Hepatic gas: widening spectrum of causes detected at CT and US in the interventional era. Radiographics. 31(5):1403-13, 2011
Arnold AC et al: Postoperative Surgicel mimicking abscesses following cholecystectomy and liver biopsy. Emerg Radiol. 15(3):183-5, 2008
Khankan AA et al: Hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radio frequency ablation: an early evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 27(3):546-51, 2008
Simon CJ et al: Pulmonary radiofrequency ablation: long-term safety and efficacy in 153 patients. Radiology. 243(1):268-75, 2007
Zhang YJ et al: Hepatocellular carcinoma treated with radiofrequency ablation with or without ethanol injection: a prospective randomized trial. Radiology. 244(2):599-607, 2007
Ahrar K et al: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of renal tumors: technique, complications, and outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 16(5):679-88, 2005
Lencioni R et al: Early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: long-term results of percutaneous image-guided radiofrequency ablation. Radiology. 234(3):961-7, 2005
Lu DS et al: Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: treatment success as defined by histologic examination of the explanted liver. Radiology. 234(3):954-60, 2005
Oei T et al: Radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors: a new cause of benign portal venous gas. Radiology. 237(2):709-17, 2005
Sandrasegaran K et al: Distinguishing gelatin bioabsorbable sponge and postoperative abdominal abscess on CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(2):475-80, 2005
Wah TM et al: Image-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and incidence of post-radiofrequency ablation syndrome: prospective survey. Radiology. 237(3):1097-102, 2005
Iannitti DA et al: Portal venous gas detected by computed tomography: is surgery imperative? Dig Surg. 20(4):306-15, 2003
Rossi S et al: Percutaneous radio-frequency thermal ablation of nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after occlusion of tumor blood supply. Radiology. 217(1):119-26, 2000
Oto A et al: MR characteristics of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(6):1481-4, 1999
Melamed JW et al: Sonographic appearance of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel): pitfall in the diagnosis of postoperative abscess. J Ultrasound Med. 14(1):27-30, 1995
Young ST et al: Appearance of oxidized cellulose (Surgicel) on postoperative CT scans: similarity to postoperative abscess. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 160(2):275-7, 1993
STATdx includes over 200,000 searchable images, including x-ray, CT, MR, and ultrasound images. To access all images, please log in or subscribe.