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Primary Melanocytic Neoplasms/Melanocytoma
Jeffrey S. Ross, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Primary melanocytoma of cord, meningeal melanocytoma
          • Definitions

            • Uncommon neoplasms derived from normal leptomeningeal melanocytes
              • Morphologic spectrum from low-grade melanocytoma to melanocytic tumor of intermediate differentiation to malignant melanoma
            • Distinct from other melanotic lesions, such as meningioma, schwannoma, melanoma

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Nonvascular Interventions

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Xie S et al: Primary spinal cord melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 12(2):669-73, 2019
                                          2. Yang C et al: Spinal meningeal melanocytomas: clinical manifestations, radiological and pathological characteristics, and surgical outcomes. J Neurooncol. 127(2):279-86, 2016
                                          3. Foit NA et al: Bifocal extra- and intradural melanocytoma of the spine: case report and literature review. Eur Spine J. 22 Suppl 3:S521-5, 2013
                                          4. Ali Y et al: Multifocal meningeal melanocytoma: a new pathological entity or the result of leptomeningeal seeding? J Neurosurg. 111(3):488-91, 2009
                                          5. El-Khashab M et al: Intermediate grade meningeal melanocytoma of cervical spine. Childs Nerv Syst. 25(4):407-10, 2009
                                          6. Horn EM et al: Surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord melanocytomas. J Neurosurg Spine. 9(1):48-54, 2008
                                          7. Khadilkar UN et al: Primary meningeal melanocytoma. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 6(2):245-7, 2008
                                          8. Wang F et al: Malignant transformation of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine. 6(5):451-4, 2007
                                          9. Turhan T et al: Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 100(3 Suppl Spine):287-90, 2004
                                          10. Brat DJ et al: Primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous systems. Am J Surg Pathol. 23(7):745-54, 1999
                                          11. Alameda F et al: Meningeal melanocytoma: a case report and literature review. Ultrastruct Pathol. 22(4):349-56, 1998
                                          12. Chen CJ et al: Intracranial meningeal melanocytoma: CT and MRI. Neuroradiology. 39(11):811-4, 1997
                                          13. Czarnecki EJ et al: MR of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 18(1):180-2, 1997
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Primary melanocytoma of cord, meningeal melanocytoma
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Uncommon neoplasms derived from normal leptomeningeal melanocytes
                                                      • Morphologic spectrum from low-grade melanocytoma to melanocytic tumor of intermediate differentiation to malignant melanoma
                                                    • Distinct from other melanotic lesions, such as meningioma, schwannoma, melanoma

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Nonvascular Interventions

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Xie S et al: Primary spinal cord melanocytoma: a case report and review of literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 12(2):669-73, 2019
                                                                                  2. Yang C et al: Spinal meningeal melanocytomas: clinical manifestations, radiological and pathological characteristics, and surgical outcomes. J Neurooncol. 127(2):279-86, 2016
                                                                                  3. Foit NA et al: Bifocal extra- and intradural melanocytoma of the spine: case report and literature review. Eur Spine J. 22 Suppl 3:S521-5, 2013
                                                                                  4. Ali Y et al: Multifocal meningeal melanocytoma: a new pathological entity or the result of leptomeningeal seeding? J Neurosurg. 111(3):488-91, 2009
                                                                                  5. El-Khashab M et al: Intermediate grade meningeal melanocytoma of cervical spine. Childs Nerv Syst. 25(4):407-10, 2009
                                                                                  6. Horn EM et al: Surgical treatment for intramedullary spinal cord melanocytomas. J Neurosurg Spine. 9(1):48-54, 2008
                                                                                  7. Khadilkar UN et al: Primary meningeal melanocytoma. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 6(2):245-7, 2008
                                                                                  8. Wang F et al: Malignant transformation of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine. 6(5):451-4, 2007
                                                                                  9. Turhan T et al: Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 100(3 Suppl Spine):287-90, 2004
                                                                                  10. Brat DJ et al: Primary melanocytic neoplasms of the central nervous systems. Am J Surg Pathol. 23(7):745-54, 1999
                                                                                  11. Alameda F et al: Meningeal melanocytoma: a case report and literature review. Ultrastruct Pathol. 22(4):349-56, 1998
                                                                                  12. Chen CJ et al: Intracranial meningeal melanocytoma: CT and MRI. Neuroradiology. 39(11):811-4, 1997
                                                                                  13. Czarnecki EJ et al: MR of spinal meningeal melanocytoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 18(1):180-2, 1997