Bookmarks
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Prosthetic valve dysfunction (PVD)
Definitions
- Dysfunction depends on prosthesis type
- Mechanical prostheses
- Caged-ball valve (Starr-Edwards): Oldest
- Tilting disc (Lillehei-Kaster, Björk-Shiley, Medtronic-Hall)
- Bileaflet (St. Jude, On-X): Currently most commonly implanted, lowest thrombogenicity
- Bioprostheses (tissue valves): Either stented or nonstented
- Homograft
- Xenograft-porcine: Hancock, Carpentier-Edwards, Medtronic-Intact
- Autograft (Ross procedure: Pulmonary valve into aortic position)
- Catheter delivered (Edwards SAPIEN, CoreValve)
- Sutureless (Percival S, 3F Enable)
- Mechanical prostheses
- Dysfunction depends on prosthesis type
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Fluoroscopic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Rashid HN et al: Subclinical leaflet thrombosis in transcatheter aortic valve replacement detected by multidetector computed tomography - a review of current evidence. Circ J. 82(7):1735-42, 2018
- Jilaihawi H et al: Systematic CT methodology for the evaluation of subclinical leaflet thrombosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 10(4):461-70, 2017
- Lancellotti P et al: Recommendations for the imaging assessment of prosthetic heart valves: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging endorsed by the Chinese Society of Echocardiography, the Inter-American Society of Echocardiography, and the Brazilian Department of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 17(6):589-90, 2016
- Moss AJ et al: Complementary role of cardiac CT in the assessment of aortic valve replacement dysfunction. Open Heart. 3(2):e000494, 2016
- Habib G et al: 2015 ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 36(44):3075-128, 2015
- Saby L et al: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography for diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis: increased valvular 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake as a novel major criterion. J Am Coll Cardiol. 61(23):2374-82, 2013
- Habets J et al: Multidetector CT angiography in evaluation of prosthetic heart valve dysfunction. Radiographics. 32(7):1893-905, 2012
- Jilaihawi H et al: Meta-analysis of complications in aortic valve replacement: comparison of Medtronic-Corevalve, Edwards-Sapien and surgical aortic valve replacement in 8,536 patients. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 80(1):128-38, 2012
- Pham N et al: Complications of aortic valve surgery: manifestations at CT and MR imaging. Radiographics. 32(7):1873-92, 2012
- Feuchtner GM et al: Multislice computed tomography in infective endocarditis: comparison with transesophageal echocardiography and intraoperative findings. J Am Coll Cardiol. 53(5):436-44, 2009
- Leborgne L et al: Usefulness of ECG-gated multi-detector computed tomography for the diagnosis of mechanical prosthetic valve dysfunction. Eur Heart J. 27(21):2537, 2006
- Mollet NR et al: High-resolution spiral computed tomography coronary angiography in patients referred for diagnostic conventional coronary angiography. Circulation. 112(15):2318-23, 2005
- Teshima H et al: Detection of pannus by multidetector-row computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg. 75(5):1631-3, 2003
- Thai HM et al: Prosthetic heart valves. In Alpert JS et al: Valvular Heart Disease. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott William & Wilkins, 2000
- Otto CM: Prosthetic valves. In Otto CM: Valvular Heart Disease. 1st ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1999
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Prosthetic valve dysfunction (PVD)
Definitions
- Dysfunction depends on prosthesis type
- Mechanical prostheses
- Caged-ball valve (Starr-Edwards): Oldest
- Tilting disc (Lillehei-Kaster, Björk-Shiley, Medtronic-Hall)
- Bileaflet (St. Jude, On-X): Currently most commonly implanted, lowest thrombogenicity
- Bioprostheses (tissue valves): Either stented or nonstented
- Homograft
- Xenograft-porcine: Hancock, Carpentier-Edwards, Medtronic-Intact
- Autograft (Ross procedure: Pulmonary valve into aortic position)
- Catheter delivered (Edwards SAPIEN, CoreValve)
- Sutureless (Percival S, 3F Enable)
- Mechanical prostheses
- Dysfunction depends on prosthesis type
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Fluoroscopic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Rashid HN et al: Subclinical leaflet thrombosis in transcatheter aortic valve replacement detected by multidetector computed tomography - a review of current evidence. Circ J. 82(7):1735-42, 2018
- Jilaihawi H et al: Systematic CT methodology for the evaluation of subclinical leaflet thrombosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 10(4):461-70, 2017
- Lancellotti P et al: Recommendations for the imaging assessment of prosthetic heart valves: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging endorsed by the Chinese Society of Echocardiography, the Inter-American Society of Echocardiography, and the Brazilian Department of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 17(6):589-90, 2016
- Moss AJ et al: Complementary role of cardiac CT in the assessment of aortic valve replacement dysfunction. Open Heart. 3(2):e000494, 2016
- Habib G et al: 2015 ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 36(44):3075-128, 2015
- Saby L et al: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography for diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis: increased valvular 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake as a novel major criterion. J Am Coll Cardiol. 61(23):2374-82, 2013
- Habets J et al: Multidetector CT angiography in evaluation of prosthetic heart valve dysfunction. Radiographics. 32(7):1893-905, 2012
- Jilaihawi H et al: Meta-analysis of complications in aortic valve replacement: comparison of Medtronic-Corevalve, Edwards-Sapien and surgical aortic valve replacement in 8,536 patients. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 80(1):128-38, 2012
- Pham N et al: Complications of aortic valve surgery: manifestations at CT and MR imaging. Radiographics. 32(7):1873-92, 2012
- Feuchtner GM et al: Multislice computed tomography in infective endocarditis: comparison with transesophageal echocardiography and intraoperative findings. J Am Coll Cardiol. 53(5):436-44, 2009
- Leborgne L et al: Usefulness of ECG-gated multi-detector computed tomography for the diagnosis of mechanical prosthetic valve dysfunction. Eur Heart J. 27(21):2537, 2006
- Mollet NR et al: High-resolution spiral computed tomography coronary angiography in patients referred for diagnostic conventional coronary angiography. Circulation. 112(15):2318-23, 2005
- Teshima H et al: Detection of pannus by multidetector-row computed tomography. Ann Thorac Surg. 75(5):1631-3, 2003
- Thai HM et al: Prosthetic heart valves. In Alpert JS et al: Valvular Heart Disease. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott William & Wilkins, 2000
- Otto CM: Prosthetic valves. In Otto CM: Valvular Heart Disease. 1st ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1999
