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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM)
Synonyms
- Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysm (PAVA), pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, pulmonary angioma, cavernous hemangioma
Definitions
- Direct communication between pulmonary artery(ies) and pulmonary vein(s), right-to-left shunt
- Congenital (80-90%): Isolated or related to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)/Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome
- Acquired (10-20%): Hepatopulmonary syndrome, post-surgical, post-traumatic, post-infectious (actinomycosis, schistosomiasis), metastases, following surgery for complex cyanotic congenital heart disease
- Direct communication between pulmonary artery(ies) and pulmonary vein(s), right-to-left shunt
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Diagnosis
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Contegiacomo A et al: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: what the interventional radiologist needs to know. Radiol Med. 124(10):973-88, 2019
- Saboo SS et al: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: diagnosis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 8(3):325-37, 2018
- Tellapuri S et al: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 35(8):1421-8, 2018
- Ryan DJ et al: Follow-up interval for small untreated pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. Clin Radiol. 72(3):236-41, 2017
- Faughnan ME et al: International guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. J Med Genet. 48(2):73-87, 2011
- Trerotola SO et al: PAVM embolization: an update. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195(4):837-45, 2010
- Pierucci P et al: New definition and natural history of patients with diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: twenty-seven-year experience. Chest. 133(3):653-61, 2008
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References
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM)
Synonyms
- Pulmonary arteriovenous aneurysm (PAVA), pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, pulmonary angioma, cavernous hemangioma
Definitions
- Direct communication between pulmonary artery(ies) and pulmonary vein(s), right-to-left shunt
- Congenital (80-90%): Isolated or related to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)/Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome
- Acquired (10-20%): Hepatopulmonary syndrome, post-surgical, post-traumatic, post-infectious (actinomycosis, schistosomiasis), metastases, following surgery for complex cyanotic congenital heart disease
- Direct communication between pulmonary artery(ies) and pulmonary vein(s), right-to-left shunt
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Diagnosis
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Contegiacomo A et al: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: what the interventional radiologist needs to know. Radiol Med. 124(10):973-88, 2019
- Saboo SS et al: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: diagnosis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 8(3):325-37, 2018
- Tellapuri S et al: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 35(8):1421-8, 2018
- Ryan DJ et al: Follow-up interval for small untreated pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. Clin Radiol. 72(3):236-41, 2017
- Faughnan ME et al: International guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. J Med Genet. 48(2):73-87, 2011
- Trerotola SO et al: PAVM embolization: an update. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195(4):837-45, 2010
- Pierucci P et al: New definition and natural history of patients with diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: twenty-seven-year experience. Chest. 133(3):653-61, 2008
