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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms
- Often categorized by their shape: Cocci (spheres), bacilli (rods), vibrio (comma-shaped), and spirochetes (spirals)
Classification of Pneumonia and Risk Factors
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
- Pneumonia diagnosed in outpatient setting or within 48 hours of hospital admission
- Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia (HAP)
- Occurs ≥ 48 hours after hospital admission
- Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP)
- Affects outpatients in contact with health care system at risk of infections with multidrug-resistant pathogens
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
- Occurs ≥ 48 hours after endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Ash SY et al: Pneumococcus. Med Clin North Am. 97(4):647-66, x-xi, 2013
- Miller WT Jr et al: Causes and imaging patterns of tree-in-bud opacities. Chest. 144(6):1883-92, 2013
- Nguyen ET et al: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia: radiographic and computed tomography findings. J Thorac Imaging. 23(1):13-9, 2008
- Tarver RD et al: Radiology of community-acquired pneumonia. Radiol Clin North Am. 43(3):497-512, viii, 2005
- Aviram G et al: Imaging features of bacterial respiratory infections in AIDS. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 10(3):183-8, 2004
- Vilar J et al: Radiology of bacterial pneumonia. Eur J Radiol. 51(2):102-13, 2004
- Reittner P et al: Pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings in 114 patients. Eur Radiol. 13(3):515-21, 2003
- Franquet T: Imaging of pneumonia: trends and algorithms. Eur Respir J. 18(1):196-208, 2001
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms
- Often categorized by their shape: Cocci (spheres), bacilli (rods), vibrio (comma-shaped), and spirochetes (spirals)
Classification of Pneumonia and Risk Factors
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
- Pneumonia diagnosed in outpatient setting or within 48 hours of hospital admission
- Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia (HAP)
- Occurs ≥ 48 hours after hospital admission
- Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP)
- Affects outpatients in contact with health care system at risk of infections with multidrug-resistant pathogens
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
- Occurs ≥ 48 hours after endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Ash SY et al: Pneumococcus. Med Clin North Am. 97(4):647-66, x-xi, 2013
- Miller WT Jr et al: Causes and imaging patterns of tree-in-bud opacities. Chest. 144(6):1883-92, 2013
- Nguyen ET et al: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia: radiographic and computed tomography findings. J Thorac Imaging. 23(1):13-9, 2008
- Tarver RD et al: Radiology of community-acquired pneumonia. Radiol Clin North Am. 43(3):497-512, viii, 2005
- Aviram G et al: Imaging features of bacterial respiratory infections in AIDS. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 10(3):183-8, 2004
- Vilar J et al: Radiology of bacterial pneumonia. Eur J Radiol. 51(2):102-13, 2004
- Reittner P et al: Pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings in 114 patients. Eur Radiol. 13(3):515-21, 2003
- Franquet T: Imaging of pneumonia: trends and algorithms. Eur Respir J. 18(1):196-208, 2001
