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Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
Trauma
Elbow
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Radial Nerve Injury, Elbow
Radial Nerve Injury, Elbow
Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR; Kirkland W. Davis, MD, FACR; Andrew Sonin, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Synonyms

              • Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) syndrome, radial tunnel (RT) syndrome (RTS), supinator syndrome, deep radial nerve (RN) syndrome

            • Definitions

              • Compression neuropathy of RN or its branches in elbow region

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Radiographic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        • Reporting Tips

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Ceri T et al: Posterior interosseous nerve of the elbow at the arcade of Frohse: ultrasound appearance in asymptomatic subjects. Diagn Interv Imaging. 100(9):521-5, 2019
                                          2. Klauser AS et al: Nerve entrapment syndromes at the wrist and elbow by sonography. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 22(3):344-53, 2018
                                          3. Gürçay E et al: Ultrasonographic evaluation of the radial nerves in patients with unilateral refractory lateral epicondylitis. Pain Med. 18(3):396-402, 2017
                                          4. Kim Y et al: Ultrasonographic findings of posterior interosseous nerve syndrome. Ultrasonography. 36(4):363-9, 2017
                                          5. Strohl AB et al: Ulnar tunnel syndrome, radial tunnel syndrome, anterior interosseous nerve syndrome, and pronator syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 25(1):e1-10, 2017
                                          6. De Maeseneer M et al: Ultrasound of the elbow with emphasis on detailed assessment of ligaments, tendons, and nerves. Eur J Radiol. 84(4):671-81, 2015
                                          7. Howe BM et al: MR imaging of the nerves of the upper extremity: elbow to wrist. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 23(3):469-78, 2015
                                          8. Harris JD et al: Nerve injuries about the elbow in the athlete. Sports Med Arthrosc. 22(3):e7-15, 2014
                                          9. Huisstede B et al: Interventions for treating the radial tunnel syndrome: a systematic review of observational studies. J Hand Surg Am. 33(1):72-8, 2008
                                          10. Kim S et al: Role of magnetic resonance imaging in entrapment and compressive neuropathy--what, where, and how to see the peripheral nerves on the musculoskeletal magnetic resonance image: part 2. Upper extremity. Eur Radiol. 17(2):509-22, 2007
                                          11. Andreisek G et al: Peripheral neuropathies of the median, radial, and ulnar nerves: MR imaging features. Radiographics. 26(5):1267-87, 2006
                                          12. Stanley J: Radial tunnel syndrome: a surgeon's perspective. J Hand Ther. 19(2):180-4, 2006
                                          13. Kijowski R et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of the elbow. Part II: abnormalities of the ligaments, tendons, and nerves. Skeletal Radiol. 34(1):1-18, 2005
                                          14. Bordalo-Rodrigues M et al: MR imaging of entrapment neuropathies at the elbow. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 12(2):247-63, vi, 2004
                                          15. Martinoli C et al: Sonography of entrapment neuropathies in the upper limb (wrist excluded). J Clin Ultrasound. 32(9):438-50, 2004
                                          16. Plate AM et al: Compressive radial neuropathies. Instr Course Lect. 49:295-304, 2000
                                          17. Barnum M et al: Radial tunnel syndrome. Hand Clin. 12(4):679-89, 1996
                                          18. Kleinert JM et al: Radial nerve entrapment. Orthop Clin North Am. 27(2):305-15, 1996
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                                    • Synonyms

                                                      • Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) syndrome, radial tunnel (RT) syndrome (RTS), supinator syndrome, deep radial nerve (RN) syndrome

                                                    • Definitions

                                                      • Compression neuropathy of RN or its branches in elbow region

                                                    IMAGING

                                                    • General Features

                                                      • Radiographic Findings

                                                        • CT Findings

                                                          • MR Findings

                                                            • Imaging Recommendations

                                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                                • General Features

                                                                  • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Consider

                                                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                • Reporting Tips

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Ceri T et al: Posterior interosseous nerve of the elbow at the arcade of Frohse: ultrasound appearance in asymptomatic subjects. Diagn Interv Imaging. 100(9):521-5, 2019
                                                                                  2. Klauser AS et al: Nerve entrapment syndromes at the wrist and elbow by sonography. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 22(3):344-53, 2018
                                                                                  3. Gürçay E et al: Ultrasonographic evaluation of the radial nerves in patients with unilateral refractory lateral epicondylitis. Pain Med. 18(3):396-402, 2017
                                                                                  4. Kim Y et al: Ultrasonographic findings of posterior interosseous nerve syndrome. Ultrasonography. 36(4):363-9, 2017
                                                                                  5. Strohl AB et al: Ulnar tunnel syndrome, radial tunnel syndrome, anterior interosseous nerve syndrome, and pronator syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 25(1):e1-10, 2017
                                                                                  6. De Maeseneer M et al: Ultrasound of the elbow with emphasis on detailed assessment of ligaments, tendons, and nerves. Eur J Radiol. 84(4):671-81, 2015
                                                                                  7. Howe BM et al: MR imaging of the nerves of the upper extremity: elbow to wrist. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 23(3):469-78, 2015
                                                                                  8. Harris JD et al: Nerve injuries about the elbow in the athlete. Sports Med Arthrosc. 22(3):e7-15, 2014
                                                                                  9. Huisstede B et al: Interventions for treating the radial tunnel syndrome: a systematic review of observational studies. J Hand Surg Am. 33(1):72-8, 2008
                                                                                  10. Kim S et al: Role of magnetic resonance imaging in entrapment and compressive neuropathy--what, where, and how to see the peripheral nerves on the musculoskeletal magnetic resonance image: part 2. Upper extremity. Eur Radiol. 17(2):509-22, 2007
                                                                                  11. Andreisek G et al: Peripheral neuropathies of the median, radial, and ulnar nerves: MR imaging features. Radiographics. 26(5):1267-87, 2006
                                                                                  12. Stanley J: Radial tunnel syndrome: a surgeon's perspective. J Hand Ther. 19(2):180-4, 2006
                                                                                  13. Kijowski R et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of the elbow. Part II: abnormalities of the ligaments, tendons, and nerves. Skeletal Radiol. 34(1):1-18, 2005
                                                                                  14. Bordalo-Rodrigues M et al: MR imaging of entrapment neuropathies at the elbow. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 12(2):247-63, vi, 2004
                                                                                  15. Martinoli C et al: Sonography of entrapment neuropathies in the upper limb (wrist excluded). J Clin Ultrasound. 32(9):438-50, 2004
                                                                                  16. Plate AM et al: Compressive radial neuropathies. Instr Course Lect. 49:295-304, 2000
                                                                                  17. Barnum M et al: Radial tunnel syndrome. Hand Clin. 12(4):679-89, 1996
                                                                                  18. Kleinert JM et al: Radial nerve entrapment. Orthop Clin North Am. 27(2):305-15, 1996