Oriental cholangitis, oriental cholangiohepatitis, intrahepatic pigment stone disease
Biliary obstruction syndrome of Chinese/Hong Kong disease
Definitions
Disease characterized by formation of pigment stones throughout biliary tree with resultant biliary strictures and repeated bouts of cholangitis
IMAGING
General Features
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Gupta A et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. StatPearls, 2021
Lee JM et al: Disease of the gallbladder and biliary tree. In Hodler J et al: Diseases of the abdomen and pelvis 2018-2021: Diagnostic Imaging -IDKD Book [Internet]. Springer, 49-56, 2018
Kwan KEL et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: a review of imaging findings and clinical management. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(1):46-56, 2017
Lee KH et al: The arrowhead appearance of bile ducts in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(12):2964-5, 2017
Furtado R et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. ANZ J Surg. 85(6):491-2, 2015
Katabathina VS et al: Adult bile duct strictures: role of MR imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography in characterization. Radiographics. 34(3):565-86, 2014
Tsui WM et al: Hepatolithiasis and the syndrome of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. Semin Liver Dis. 31(1):33-48, 2011
Tsui WM et al: Primary hepatolithiasis, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, and oriental cholangiohepatitis: a tale of 3 countries. Adv Anat Pathol. 18(4):318-28, 2011
Wani NA et al: MRI of oriental cholangiohepatitis. Clin Radiol. 66(2):158-63, 2011
Heffernan EJ et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: from imaging to intervention. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192(1):W28-35, 2009
Jain M et al: MRCP findings in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Eur J Radiol. 66(1):79-83, 2008
Menias CO et al: Mimics of cholangiocarcinoma: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 28(4):1115-29, 2008
Kim JH et al: CT findings of cholangiocarcinoma associated with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(6):1571-7, 2006
Safar F et al: Magnetic resonance T1 gradient-echo imaging in hepatolithiasis. Abdom Imaging. 30(3):297-302, 2005
Hanbidge AE et al: From the RSNA refresher courses: imaging evaluation for acute pain in the right upper quadrant. Radiographics. 24(4):1117-35, 2004
Lee WJ et al: Radiologic spectrum of cholangiocarcinoma: emphasis on unusual manifestations and differential diagnoses. Radiographics. 21 Spec No:S97-S116, 2001
Park MS et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: comparison between MR cholangiography and direct cholangiography. Radiology. 220(3):677-82, 2001
Cosenza CA et al: Current management of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Am Surg. 65(10):939-43, 1999
Kim MJ et al: MR imaging findings in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 173(6):1545-9, 1999
Yoon KH et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver in patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: CT-histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 211(2):373-9, 1999
Harris HW et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Am J Surg. 176(1):34-7, 1998
Leow CK et al: Re: Biliary access procedure in the management of oriental cholangiohepatitis. Am Surg. 64(1):99, 1998
Lee DW et al: Biliary infection. Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol. 11(4):707-24, 1997
Lo CM et al: The changing epidemiology of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Hong Kong Med J. 3(3):302-4, 1997
Sperling RM et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis in Asian immigrants to the United States: natural history and role of therapeutic ERCP. Dig Dis Sci. 42(4):865-71, 1997
Kirby CL et al: US case of the day. Oriental cholangiohepatitis. Radiographics. 15(6):1503-6, 1995
Mack E: Pathogenesis and clinical presentation of bile duct calculi. Semin Laparosc Surg. 2(2):76-84, 1995
Reynolds WR et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis. Mil Med. 159(2):158-60, 1994
Enriquez G et al: Intrahepatic biliary stones in children. Pediatr Radiol. 22(4):283-6, 1992
Kusano S et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: correlation between portal vein occlusion and hepatic atrophy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 158(5):1011-4, 1992
Goldberg HI et al: Diagnostic and interventional procedures for the biliary tract. Curr Opin Radiol. 3(3):453-62, 1991
Lim JH: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: pathologic, clinical, and radiologic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 157(1):1-8, 1991
Lim JH et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: sonographic findings in 48 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 155(3):511-4, 1990
Schulte SJ et al: CT of the extrahepatic bile ducts: wall thickness and contrast enhancement in normal and abnormal ducts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 154(1):79-85, 1990
Chan FL et al: Evaluation of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis with CT: analysis of 50 patients. Radiology. 170(1 Pt 1):165-9, 1989
Kashi H et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangiohepatitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 71(6):387-9, 1989
vanSonnenberg E et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: diagnostic imaging and interventional management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 146(2):327-31, 1986
Federle MP et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis in Asian immigrants. Use of ultrasonography, computed tomography, and cholangiography. Radiology. 143(1):151-6, 1982
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC)
Synonyms
Oriental cholangitis, oriental cholangiohepatitis, intrahepatic pigment stone disease
Biliary obstruction syndrome of Chinese/Hong Kong disease
Definitions
Disease characterized by formation of pigment stones throughout biliary tree with resultant biliary strictures and repeated bouts of cholangitis
IMAGING
General Features
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Gupta A et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. StatPearls, 2021
Lee JM et al: Disease of the gallbladder and biliary tree. In Hodler J et al: Diseases of the abdomen and pelvis 2018-2021: Diagnostic Imaging -IDKD Book [Internet]. Springer, 49-56, 2018
Kwan KEL et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: a review of imaging findings and clinical management. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(1):46-56, 2017
Lee KH et al: The arrowhead appearance of bile ducts in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(12):2964-5, 2017
Furtado R et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. ANZ J Surg. 85(6):491-2, 2015
Katabathina VS et al: Adult bile duct strictures: role of MR imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography in characterization. Radiographics. 34(3):565-86, 2014
Tsui WM et al: Hepatolithiasis and the syndrome of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features. Semin Liver Dis. 31(1):33-48, 2011
Tsui WM et al: Primary hepatolithiasis, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, and oriental cholangiohepatitis: a tale of 3 countries. Adv Anat Pathol. 18(4):318-28, 2011
Wani NA et al: MRI of oriental cholangiohepatitis. Clin Radiol. 66(2):158-63, 2011
Heffernan EJ et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: from imaging to intervention. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192(1):W28-35, 2009
Jain M et al: MRCP findings in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Eur J Radiol. 66(1):79-83, 2008
Menias CO et al: Mimics of cholangiocarcinoma: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 28(4):1115-29, 2008
Kim JH et al: CT findings of cholangiocarcinoma associated with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(6):1571-7, 2006
Safar F et al: Magnetic resonance T1 gradient-echo imaging in hepatolithiasis. Abdom Imaging. 30(3):297-302, 2005
Hanbidge AE et al: From the RSNA refresher courses: imaging evaluation for acute pain in the right upper quadrant. Radiographics. 24(4):1117-35, 2004
Lee WJ et al: Radiologic spectrum of cholangiocarcinoma: emphasis on unusual manifestations and differential diagnoses. Radiographics. 21 Spec No:S97-S116, 2001
Park MS et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: comparison between MR cholangiography and direct cholangiography. Radiology. 220(3):677-82, 2001
Cosenza CA et al: Current management of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Am Surg. 65(10):939-43, 1999
Kim MJ et al: MR imaging findings in recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 173(6):1545-9, 1999
Yoon KH et al: Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver in patients with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis: CT-histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 211(2):373-9, 1999
Harris HW et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Am J Surg. 176(1):34-7, 1998
Leow CK et al: Re: Biliary access procedure in the management of oriental cholangiohepatitis. Am Surg. 64(1):99, 1998
Lee DW et al: Biliary infection. Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol. 11(4):707-24, 1997
Lo CM et al: The changing epidemiology of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. Hong Kong Med J. 3(3):302-4, 1997
Sperling RM et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis in Asian immigrants to the United States: natural history and role of therapeutic ERCP. Dig Dis Sci. 42(4):865-71, 1997
Kirby CL et al: US case of the day. Oriental cholangiohepatitis. Radiographics. 15(6):1503-6, 1995
Mack E: Pathogenesis and clinical presentation of bile duct calculi. Semin Laparosc Surg. 2(2):76-84, 1995
Reynolds WR et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis. Mil Med. 159(2):158-60, 1994
Enriquez G et al: Intrahepatic biliary stones in children. Pediatr Radiol. 22(4):283-6, 1992
Kusano S et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: correlation between portal vein occlusion and hepatic atrophy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 158(5):1011-4, 1992
Goldberg HI et al: Diagnostic and interventional procedures for the biliary tract. Curr Opin Radiol. 3(3):453-62, 1991
Lim JH: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: pathologic, clinical, and radiologic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 157(1):1-8, 1991
Lim JH et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: sonographic findings in 48 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 155(3):511-4, 1990
Schulte SJ et al: CT of the extrahepatic bile ducts: wall thickness and contrast enhancement in normal and abnormal ducts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 154(1):79-85, 1990
Chan FL et al: Evaluation of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis with CT: analysis of 50 patients. Radiology. 170(1 Pt 1):165-9, 1989
Kashi H et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangiohepatitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 71(6):387-9, 1989
vanSonnenberg E et al: Oriental cholangiohepatitis: diagnostic imaging and interventional management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 146(2):327-31, 1986
Federle MP et al: Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis in Asian immigrants. Use of ultrasonography, computed tomography, and cholangiography. Radiology. 143(1):151-6, 1982
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