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Renal Artery Stenosis
Katherine E. Maturen, MD, MS
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Abbreviations

          • Renal artery stenosis (RAS)
        • Definitions

          • Hemodynamically significant narrowing of renal artery (RA) lumen

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Ultrasonographic Findings

            • Angiographic Findings

              • Imaging Recommendations

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                        • Microscopic Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Consider

                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Dillman JR et al: Ultrasound imaging of renin-mediated hypertension. Pediatr Radiol. 47(9):1116-1124, 2017
                                      2. Albert TS et al: An international multicenter comparison of time-SLIP unenhanced MR angiography and contrast-enhanced CT angiography for assessing renal artery stenosis: the renal artery contrast-free trial. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 204(1):182-8, 2015
                                      3. Chrysant GS et al: Proper patient selection yields significant and sustained reduction in systolic blood pressure following renal artery stenting in patients with uncontrolled hypertension: long-term results from the HERCULES trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 16(7):497-503, 2014
                                      4. Khinda J et al: Endovascular intervention in renovascular disease: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging. 5(6):667-76, 2014
                                      5. Voiculescu A et al: Duplex ultrasound findings before and after surgery in children and adolescents with renovascular hypertension. Ultrasound Med Biol. 40(12):2786-93, 2014
                                      6. AbuRahma AF et al: Renal imaging: duplex ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and angiography. Semin Vasc Surg. 26(4):134-43, 2013
                                      7. Granata A et al: Doppler ultrasound and renal artery stenosis: An overview. J Ultrasound. 12(4):133-43, 2009
                                      8. Pellerito JS et al: Ultrasound assessment of native renal vessels and renal allografts. In, Zwiebel WJ: Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography. Ed 5. Philadelphia, Saunders/Elsevier. 611-636, 2005
                                      9. Urban BA et al: Three-dimensional volume-rendered CT angiography of the renal arteries and veins: normal anatomy, variants, and clinical applications. Radiographics. 21(2):373-86; questionnaire 549-55, 2001
                                      10. Isaacson JA et al: Direct and indirect renal arterial duplex and Doppler color flow evaluation. J Vasc Technol. 19:105-10, 1995
                                      11. Taylor DC et al: Duplex ultrasound scanning in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis: a prospective evaluation. J Vasc Surg. 7(2):363-9, 1988
                                      12. Dubbins PA: Renal artery stenosis: duplex Doppler evaluation. Br J Radiol. 59(699):225-9, 1986
                                      13. Kohler TR et al: Noninvasive diagnosis of renal artery stenosis by ultrasonic duplex scanning. J Vasc Surg. 4(5):450-6, 1986
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Pathology

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Abbreviations

                                              • Renal artery stenosis (RAS)
                                            • Definitions

                                              • Hemodynamically significant narrowing of renal artery (RA) lumen

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                • Angiographic Findings

                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                              • Presentation

                                                                • Demographics

                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                      • Consider

                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Dillman JR et al: Ultrasound imaging of renin-mediated hypertension. Pediatr Radiol. 47(9):1116-1124, 2017
                                                                          2. Albert TS et al: An international multicenter comparison of time-SLIP unenhanced MR angiography and contrast-enhanced CT angiography for assessing renal artery stenosis: the renal artery contrast-free trial. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 204(1):182-8, 2015
                                                                          3. Chrysant GS et al: Proper patient selection yields significant and sustained reduction in systolic blood pressure following renal artery stenting in patients with uncontrolled hypertension: long-term results from the HERCULES trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 16(7):497-503, 2014
                                                                          4. Khinda J et al: Endovascular intervention in renovascular disease: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging. 5(6):667-76, 2014
                                                                          5. Voiculescu A et al: Duplex ultrasound findings before and after surgery in children and adolescents with renovascular hypertension. Ultrasound Med Biol. 40(12):2786-93, 2014
                                                                          6. AbuRahma AF et al: Renal imaging: duplex ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and angiography. Semin Vasc Surg. 26(4):134-43, 2013
                                                                          7. Granata A et al: Doppler ultrasound and renal artery stenosis: An overview. J Ultrasound. 12(4):133-43, 2009
                                                                          8. Pellerito JS et al: Ultrasound assessment of native renal vessels and renal allografts. In, Zwiebel WJ: Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography. Ed 5. Philadelphia, Saunders/Elsevier. 611-636, 2005
                                                                          9. Urban BA et al: Three-dimensional volume-rendered CT angiography of the renal arteries and veins: normal anatomy, variants, and clinical applications. Radiographics. 21(2):373-86; questionnaire 549-55, 2001
                                                                          10. Isaacson JA et al: Direct and indirect renal arterial duplex and Doppler color flow evaluation. J Vasc Technol. 19:105-10, 1995
                                                                          11. Taylor DC et al: Duplex ultrasound scanning in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis: a prospective evaluation. J Vasc Surg. 7(2):363-9, 1988
                                                                          12. Dubbins PA: Renal artery stenosis: duplex Doppler evaluation. Br J Radiol. 59(699):225-9, 1986
                                                                          13. Kohler TR et al: Noninvasive diagnosis of renal artery stenosis by ultrasonic duplex scanning. J Vasc Surg. 4(5):450-6, 1986