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Rheumatoid Arthritis of Shoulder and Elbow
Eva M. Escobedo, MD; B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Diagnostic Checklist

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Abbreviations

          • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
        • Definitions

          • Chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease in which joints are primary target

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Radiographic Findings

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Lévigne C et al: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis: survival and outcomes. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 30(10):2312-24, 2021
                                      2. Zhao SS et al: Large joints are progressively involved in rheumatoid arthritis irrespective of rheumatoid factor status-results from the early rheumatoid arthritis study. Rheumatol Int. ePub, 2021
                                      3. Shinagawa S et al: Shoulder tenderness was associated with the inflammatory changes on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep. 9(1):19599, 2019
                                      4. Young BL et al: Trends in joint replacement surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 45(2):158-64, 2018
                                      5. Levy O et al: Surface replacement arthroplasty for glenohumeral arthropathy in patients aged younger than fifty years: results after a minimum ten-year follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(7):1049-60, 2015
                                      6. Morris BJ et al: Risk factors for periprosthetic infection after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(2):161-6, 2015
                                      7. Cross MB et al: Results of custom-fit, noncemented, semiconstrained total elbow arthroplasty for inflammatory arthritis at an average of eighteen years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 23(9):1368-73, 2014
                                      8. van der Zwaal P et al: The natural history of the rheumatoid shoulder: a prospective long-term follow-up study. Bone Joint J. 96-B(11):1520-4, 2014
                                      9. Jämsen E et al: The decline in joint replacement surgery in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a concomitant increase in the intensity of anti-rheumatic therapy: a nationwide register-based study from 1995 through 2010. Acta Orthop. 84(4):331-7, 2013
                                      10. Bøyesen P et al: Prediction of MRI erosive progression: a comparison of modern imaging modalities in early rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 70(1):176-9, 2011
                                      11. Aletaha D et al: 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 62(9):2569-81, 2010
                                      12. Narváez JA et al: MR imaging of early rheumatoid arthritis. Radiographics. 30(1):143-63; discussion 163-5, 2010
                                      13. Feeley BT et al: Cuff tear arthropathy: current trends in diagnosis and surgical management. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 8(3):484-94, 2009
                                      14. Gallo RA et al: Surgical options for the arthritic elbow. J Hand Surg [Am]. 33(5):746-59, 2008
                                      15. Ishikawa H et al: The patient-based outcome of upper-extremity surgeries using the DASH questionnaire and the effect of disease activity of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 27(8):967-73, 2008
                                      16. Kapetanovic MC et al: Orthopaedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 20 years: prevalence and predictive factors of large joint replacement. Ann Rheum Dis. 67(10):1412-6, 2008
                                      17. Raven EE et al: Construct validity and reliability of the disability of arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire for upper extremity complaints in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 35(12):2334-8, 2008
                                      18. Simmen BR et al: Development of a predictive model for estimating the probability of treatment success one year after total shoulder replacement - cohort study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 16(5):631-4, 2008
                                      19. van de Sande MA et al: Clinical implications of rotator cuff degeneration in the rheumatic shoulder. Arthritis Rheum. 59(3):317-24, 2008
                                      20. Weiss RJ et al: Decrease of RA-related orthopaedic surgery of the upper limbs between 1998 and 2004: data from 54,579 Swedish RA inpatients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 47(4):491-4, 2008
                                      21. Steinmann SP: Elbow arthroscopy: where are we now? Arthroscopy. 23(11):1231-6, 2007
                                      22. Smiłowicz M: Surgical treatment of the elbow joint in rheumaid arthritis, with particular attention to resection arthroplasty. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2(4):36-40, 2000
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Diagnostic Checklist

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Abbreviations

                                              • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
                                            • Definitions

                                              • Chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease in which joints are primary target

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • Radiographic Findings

                                                • CT Findings

                                                  • MR Findings

                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                              • Microscopic Features

                                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                • Presentation

                                                                  • Demographics

                                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                      • Treatment

                                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                        • Consider

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Lévigne C et al: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis: survival and outcomes. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 30(10):2312-24, 2021
                                                                          2. Zhao SS et al: Large joints are progressively involved in rheumatoid arthritis irrespective of rheumatoid factor status-results from the early rheumatoid arthritis study. Rheumatol Int. ePub, 2021
                                                                          3. Shinagawa S et al: Shoulder tenderness was associated with the inflammatory changes on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep. 9(1):19599, 2019
                                                                          4. Young BL et al: Trends in joint replacement surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 45(2):158-64, 2018
                                                                          5. Levy O et al: Surface replacement arthroplasty for glenohumeral arthropathy in patients aged younger than fifty years: results after a minimum ten-year follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(7):1049-60, 2015
                                                                          6. Morris BJ et al: Risk factors for periprosthetic infection after reverse shoulder arthroplasty. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 24(2):161-6, 2015
                                                                          7. Cross MB et al: Results of custom-fit, noncemented, semiconstrained total elbow arthroplasty for inflammatory arthritis at an average of eighteen years of follow-up. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 23(9):1368-73, 2014
                                                                          8. van der Zwaal P et al: The natural history of the rheumatoid shoulder: a prospective long-term follow-up study. Bone Joint J. 96-B(11):1520-4, 2014
                                                                          9. Jämsen E et al: The decline in joint replacement surgery in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a concomitant increase in the intensity of anti-rheumatic therapy: a nationwide register-based study from 1995 through 2010. Acta Orthop. 84(4):331-7, 2013
                                                                          10. Bøyesen P et al: Prediction of MRI erosive progression: a comparison of modern imaging modalities in early rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 70(1):176-9, 2011
                                                                          11. Aletaha D et al: 2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 62(9):2569-81, 2010
                                                                          12. Narváez JA et al: MR imaging of early rheumatoid arthritis. Radiographics. 30(1):143-63; discussion 163-5, 2010
                                                                          13. Feeley BT et al: Cuff tear arthropathy: current trends in diagnosis and surgical management. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 8(3):484-94, 2009
                                                                          14. Gallo RA et al: Surgical options for the arthritic elbow. J Hand Surg [Am]. 33(5):746-59, 2008
                                                                          15. Ishikawa H et al: The patient-based outcome of upper-extremity surgeries using the DASH questionnaire and the effect of disease activity of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 27(8):967-73, 2008
                                                                          16. Kapetanovic MC et al: Orthopaedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 20 years: prevalence and predictive factors of large joint replacement. Ann Rheum Dis. 67(10):1412-6, 2008
                                                                          17. Raven EE et al: Construct validity and reliability of the disability of arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire for upper extremity complaints in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol. 35(12):2334-8, 2008
                                                                          18. Simmen BR et al: Development of a predictive model for estimating the probability of treatment success one year after total shoulder replacement - cohort study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 16(5):631-4, 2008
                                                                          19. van de Sande MA et al: Clinical implications of rotator cuff degeneration in the rheumatic shoulder. Arthritis Rheum. 59(3):317-24, 2008
                                                                          20. Weiss RJ et al: Decrease of RA-related orthopaedic surgery of the upper limbs between 1998 and 2004: data from 54,579 Swedish RA inpatients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 47(4):491-4, 2008
                                                                          21. Steinmann SP: Elbow arthroscopy: where are we now? Arthroscopy. 23(11):1231-6, 2007
                                                                          22. Smiłowicz M: Surgical treatment of the elbow joint in rheumaid arthritis, with particular attention to resection arthroplasty. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2(4):36-40, 2000