Sacral fracture resulting from normal physiologic stress on weakened (e.g., osteoporotic) bone
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Gibbs WN et al: Sacral fractures and sacroplasty. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 29(4):515-27, 2019
Pulley BR et al: Surgical fixation of geriatric sacral U-type insufficiency fractures: a retrospective analysis. J Orthop Trauma. 32(12):617-22, 2018
Park JW et al: Mortality following benign sacral insufficiency fracture and associated risk factors. Arch Osteoporos. 12(1):100, 2017
Eichler K et al: Outcome of long-axis percutaneous sacroplasty for the treatment of sacral insufficiency fractures with a radiofrequency-induced, high-viscosity bone cement. Skeletal Radiol. 43(4):493-8, 2014
Wilde GE et al: Sacral fractures after lumbosacral fusion: a characteristic fracture pattern. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(1):184-8, 2011
Lyders EM et al: Imaging and treatment of sacral insufficiency fractures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 31(2):201-10, 2010
Linstrom NJ et al: Anatomical and biomechanical analyses of the unique and consistent locations of sacral insufficiency fractures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(4):309-15, 2009
Muthukumar T et al: Cauda equina syndrome presentation of sacral insufficiency fractures. Skeletal Radiol. 36(4):309-13, 2007
Schindler OS et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 15(3):339-46, 2007
Fujii M et al: Honda sign and variants in patients suspected of having a sacral insufficiency fracture. Clin Nucl Med. 30(3):165-9, 2005
Pommersheim W et al: Sacroplasty: a treatment for sacral insufficiency fractures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24(5):1003-7, 2003
White JH et al: Imaging of sacral fractures. Clin Radiol. 58(12):914-21, 2003
Dasgupta B et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures: an unsuspected cause of low back pain. Br J Rheumatol. 37(7):789-93, 1998
Grangier C et al: Role of MRI in the diagnosis of insufficiency fractures of the sacrum and acetabular roof. Skeletal Radiol. 26(9):517-24, 1997
Peh WC et al: Vacuum phenomena in the sacroiliac joints and in association with sacral insufficiency fractures. Incidence and significance. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 22(17):2005-8, 1997
Grasland A et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures: an easily overlooked cause of back pain in elderly women. Arch Intern Med. 156(6):668-74, 1996
Peh WC et al: Imaging of pelvic insufficiency fractures. Radiographics. 16(2):335-48, 1996
Peh WC et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures. Spectrum of radiological features. Clin Imaging. 19(2):92-101, 1995
Stäbler A et al: Vacuum phenomena in insufficiency fractures of the sacrum. Skeletal Radiol. 24(1):31-5, 1995
Baker RJ Jr et al: Sacral insufficiency fracture: half of an "H". Clin Nucl Med. 19(12):1106-7, 1994
West SG et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures in rheumatoid arthritis. Spine. 19(18):2117-21, 1994
Blomlie V et al: Radiation-induced insufficiency fractures of the sacrum: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology. 188(1):241-4, 1993
Weber M et al: Insufficiency fractures of the sacrum. Twenty cases and review of the literature. Spine. 18(16):2507-12, 1993
Kayes K et al: Radiologic case study. Sacral insufficiency fracture. Orthopedics. 14(7):817-8, 820, 1991
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Sacral fracture resulting from normal physiologic stress on weakened (e.g., osteoporotic) bone
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Gibbs WN et al: Sacral fractures and sacroplasty. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 29(4):515-27, 2019
Pulley BR et al: Surgical fixation of geriatric sacral U-type insufficiency fractures: a retrospective analysis. J Orthop Trauma. 32(12):617-22, 2018
Park JW et al: Mortality following benign sacral insufficiency fracture and associated risk factors. Arch Osteoporos. 12(1):100, 2017
Eichler K et al: Outcome of long-axis percutaneous sacroplasty for the treatment of sacral insufficiency fractures with a radiofrequency-induced, high-viscosity bone cement. Skeletal Radiol. 43(4):493-8, 2014
Wilde GE et al: Sacral fractures after lumbosacral fusion: a characteristic fracture pattern. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(1):184-8, 2011
Lyders EM et al: Imaging and treatment of sacral insufficiency fractures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 31(2):201-10, 2010
Linstrom NJ et al: Anatomical and biomechanical analyses of the unique and consistent locations of sacral insufficiency fractures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(4):309-15, 2009
Muthukumar T et al: Cauda equina syndrome presentation of sacral insufficiency fractures. Skeletal Radiol. 36(4):309-13, 2007
Schindler OS et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 15(3):339-46, 2007
Fujii M et al: Honda sign and variants in patients suspected of having a sacral insufficiency fracture. Clin Nucl Med. 30(3):165-9, 2005
Pommersheim W et al: Sacroplasty: a treatment for sacral insufficiency fractures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 24(5):1003-7, 2003
White JH et al: Imaging of sacral fractures. Clin Radiol. 58(12):914-21, 2003
Dasgupta B et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures: an unsuspected cause of low back pain. Br J Rheumatol. 37(7):789-93, 1998
Grangier C et al: Role of MRI in the diagnosis of insufficiency fractures of the sacrum and acetabular roof. Skeletal Radiol. 26(9):517-24, 1997
Peh WC et al: Vacuum phenomena in the sacroiliac joints and in association with sacral insufficiency fractures. Incidence and significance. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 22(17):2005-8, 1997
Grasland A et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures: an easily overlooked cause of back pain in elderly women. Arch Intern Med. 156(6):668-74, 1996
Peh WC et al: Imaging of pelvic insufficiency fractures. Radiographics. 16(2):335-48, 1996
Peh WC et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures. Spectrum of radiological features. Clin Imaging. 19(2):92-101, 1995
Stäbler A et al: Vacuum phenomena in insufficiency fractures of the sacrum. Skeletal Radiol. 24(1):31-5, 1995
Baker RJ Jr et al: Sacral insufficiency fracture: half of an "H". Clin Nucl Med. 19(12):1106-7, 1994
West SG et al: Sacral insufficiency fractures in rheumatoid arthritis. Spine. 19(18):2117-21, 1994
Blomlie V et al: Radiation-induced insufficiency fractures of the sacrum: evaluation with MR imaging. Radiology. 188(1):241-4, 1993
Weber M et al: Insufficiency fractures of the sacrum. Twenty cases and review of the literature. Spine. 18(16):2507-12, 1993
Kayes K et al: Radiologic case study. Sacral insufficiency fracture. Orthopedics. 14(7):817-8, 820, 1991
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