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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Sickle cell anemia, HbSS disease
Definitions
- Hereditary hemoglobinopathy resulting in anemia and red blood cells that deform (sickle) and occlude blood vessels
- Homozygous: HbSS (sickle cell anemia)
- Heterozygous: HbSA (sickle cell trait, asymptomatic), HbSC (less severe form)
- Sickle cell crisis: Acute episode of severe bone, abdomen, chest pain
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- De Luna G et al: High bone mineral density in sickle cell disease: prevalence and characteristics. Bone. 110:199-203, 2018
- Eid R et al: Spinal cord infarction in hemoglobin SC disease as an amusement park accident. Pediatrics. 138(3), 2016
- Nix JS et al: Spinal bone marrow necrosis with vertebral compression fracture: differentiation of BMN from AVN. Skeletal Radiol. 43(9):1337-40, 2014
- Das D et al: MRI appearances of extramedullary haematopoiesis presenting with cauda equina syndrome in sickle cell disease. Clin Radiol. 66(12):1219-22, 2011
- Gupta R et al: Pattern of bone mineral density in sickle cell disease patients with the high-Hb F phenotype. Acta Haematol. 123(1):64-70, 2010
- Porter JB: Pathophysiology of transfusional iron overload: contrasting patterns in thalassemia major and sickle cell disease. Hemoglobin. 33 Suppl 1:S37-45, 2009
- Sarrai M et al: Bone mass density in adults with sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol. 136(4):666-72, 2007
- Kim SK et al: Natural history and distribution of bone and bone marrow infarction in sickle hemoglobinopathies. J Nucl Med. 43(7):896-900, 2002
- Lonergan GJ et al: Sickle cell anemia. Radiographics. 21(4):971-94, 2001
- Skaggs DL et al: Differentiation between bone infarction and acute osteomyelitis in children with sickle-cell disease with use of sequential radionuclide bone-marrow and bone scans. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 83-A(12):1810-3, 2001
- States LJ: Imaging of metabolic bone disease and marrow disorders in children. Radiol Clin North Am. 39(4):749-72, 2001
- Umans H et al: The diagnostic role of gadolinium enhanced MRI in distinguishing between acute medullary bone infarct and osteomyelitis. Magn Reson Imaging. 18(3):255-62, 2000
- Roger E et al: Sickle cell disease of the spine in children. Can J Surg. 42(4):289-92, 1999
- Marlow TJ et al: "Tower vertebra": a new observation in sickle cell disease. Skeletal Radiol. 27(4):195-8, 1998
- Kahn CE Jr et al: Combined bone marrow and gallium imaging. Differentiation of osteomyelitis and infarction in sickle hemoglobinopathy. Clin Nucl Med. 13(6):443-9, 1988
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Sickle cell anemia, HbSS disease
Definitions
- Hereditary hemoglobinopathy resulting in anemia and red blood cells that deform (sickle) and occlude blood vessels
- Homozygous: HbSS (sickle cell anemia)
- Heterozygous: HbSA (sickle cell trait, asymptomatic), HbSC (less severe form)
- Sickle cell crisis: Acute episode of severe bone, abdomen, chest pain
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- De Luna G et al: High bone mineral density in sickle cell disease: prevalence and characteristics. Bone. 110:199-203, 2018
- Eid R et al: Spinal cord infarction in hemoglobin SC disease as an amusement park accident. Pediatrics. 138(3), 2016
- Nix JS et al: Spinal bone marrow necrosis with vertebral compression fracture: differentiation of BMN from AVN. Skeletal Radiol. 43(9):1337-40, 2014
- Das D et al: MRI appearances of extramedullary haematopoiesis presenting with cauda equina syndrome in sickle cell disease. Clin Radiol. 66(12):1219-22, 2011
- Gupta R et al: Pattern of bone mineral density in sickle cell disease patients with the high-Hb F phenotype. Acta Haematol. 123(1):64-70, 2010
- Porter JB: Pathophysiology of transfusional iron overload: contrasting patterns in thalassemia major and sickle cell disease. Hemoglobin. 33 Suppl 1:S37-45, 2009
- Sarrai M et al: Bone mass density in adults with sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol. 136(4):666-72, 2007
- Kim SK et al: Natural history and distribution of bone and bone marrow infarction in sickle hemoglobinopathies. J Nucl Med. 43(7):896-900, 2002
- Lonergan GJ et al: Sickle cell anemia. Radiographics. 21(4):971-94, 2001
- Skaggs DL et al: Differentiation between bone infarction and acute osteomyelitis in children with sickle-cell disease with use of sequential radionuclide bone-marrow and bone scans. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 83-A(12):1810-3, 2001
- States LJ: Imaging of metabolic bone disease and marrow disorders in children. Radiol Clin North Am. 39(4):749-72, 2001
- Umans H et al: The diagnostic role of gadolinium enhanced MRI in distinguishing between acute medullary bone infarct and osteomyelitis. Magn Reson Imaging. 18(3):255-62, 2000
- Roger E et al: Sickle cell disease of the spine in children. Can J Surg. 42(4):289-92, 1999
- Marlow TJ et al: "Tower vertebra": a new observation in sickle cell disease. Skeletal Radiol. 27(4):195-8, 1998
- Kahn CE Jr et al: Combined bone marrow and gallium imaging. Differentiation of osteomyelitis and infarction in sickle hemoglobinopathy. Clin Nucl Med. 13(6):443-9, 1988
