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Ultrasound
Diagnosis
Urinary Tract
Cysts and Cystic Disorders
Simple Renal Cyst
Simple Renal Cyst
Barton F. Lane, MD; Ankur Pandey, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Definitions

              • Benign, fluid-filled, nonneoplastic renal lesion
              • Most common renal lesion, usually detected incidentally on imaging
              • Parapelvic cyst: Simple cortical cyst that indents renal sinus
              • Peripelvic cysts: Lymphatic origin, multiple small cystic lesions in renal sinus

            • Associated Syndromes

              • Associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, tuberous sclerosis, von Hippel-Lindau disease, neurofibromatosis, or Caroli disease

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                              • Microscopic Features

                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                • Presentation

                                  • Demographics

                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                      • Treatment

                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                        • Consider

                                          • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                            Selected References

                                            1. Silverman SG et al: Bosniak classification of cystic renal masses, version 2019: an update proposal and needs assessment. Radiology. 292(2):475-88, 2019
                                            2. Barr RG: Is there a need to modify the Bosniak renal mass classification with the addition of contrast-enhanced sonography? J Ultrasound Med. 36(5):865-8, 2017
                                            3. Wood CG 3rd et al: CT and MR imaging for evaluation of cystic renal lesions and diseases. Radiographics. 35(1):125-41, 2015
                                            4. Di Salvo DN et al: Lithium nephropathy: unique sonographic findings. J Ultrasound Med. 31(4):637-44, 2012
                                            5. McArthur C et al: Current and potential renal applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Clin Radiol. 67(9):909-22, 2012
                                            6. Whelan TF: Guidelines on the management of renal cyst disease. Can Urol Assoc J. 4(2):98-9, 2010
                                            7. Terada N et al: The 10-year natural history of simple renal cysts. Urology. 71(1):7-11; discussion 11-2, 2008
                                            8. Israel GM et al: An update of the Bosniak renal cyst classification system. Urology. 66(3):484-8, 2005
                                            9. Rathaus V et al: Pyelocalyceal diverticulum: the imaging spectrum with emphasis on the ultrasound features. Br J Radiol. 74(883):595-601, 2001
                                            10. Luscher TF et al: Simple renal cyst and hypertension: cause or coincidence? Clin Nephrol. 26(2):91-5, 1986
                                            11. Papanicolaou N et al: Spontaneous and traumatic rupture of renal cysts: diagnosis and outcome. Radiology. 160(1):99-103, 1986
                                            Related Anatomy
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                                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                            References
                                            Tables

                                            Tables

                                            KEY FACTS

                                            • Terminology

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Clinical Issues

                                                    • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                      TERMINOLOGY

                                                      • Definitions

                                                        • Benign, fluid-filled, nonneoplastic renal lesion
                                                        • Most common renal lesion, usually detected incidentally on imaging
                                                        • Parapelvic cyst: Simple cortical cyst that indents renal sinus
                                                        • Peripelvic cysts: Lymphatic origin, multiple small cystic lesions in renal sinus

                                                      • Associated Syndromes

                                                        • Associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, tuberous sclerosis, von Hippel-Lindau disease, neurofibromatosis, or Caroli disease

                                                      IMAGING

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                                            • CT Findings

                                                              • MR Findings

                                                                • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                    PATHOLOGY

                                                                    • General Features

                                                                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                        • Microscopic Features

                                                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                          • Presentation

                                                                            • Demographics

                                                                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                • Treatment

                                                                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                  • Consider

                                                                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                      Selected References

                                                                                      1. Silverman SG et al: Bosniak classification of cystic renal masses, version 2019: an update proposal and needs assessment. Radiology. 292(2):475-88, 2019
                                                                                      2. Barr RG: Is there a need to modify the Bosniak renal mass classification with the addition of contrast-enhanced sonography? J Ultrasound Med. 36(5):865-8, 2017
                                                                                      3. Wood CG 3rd et al: CT and MR imaging for evaluation of cystic renal lesions and diseases. Radiographics. 35(1):125-41, 2015
                                                                                      4. Di Salvo DN et al: Lithium nephropathy: unique sonographic findings. J Ultrasound Med. 31(4):637-44, 2012
                                                                                      5. McArthur C et al: Current and potential renal applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Clin Radiol. 67(9):909-22, 2012
                                                                                      6. Whelan TF: Guidelines on the management of renal cyst disease. Can Urol Assoc J. 4(2):98-9, 2010
                                                                                      7. Terada N et al: The 10-year natural history of simple renal cysts. Urology. 71(1):7-11; discussion 11-2, 2008
                                                                                      8. Israel GM et al: An update of the Bosniak renal cyst classification system. Urology. 66(3):484-8, 2005
                                                                                      9. Rathaus V et al: Pyelocalyceal diverticulum: the imaging spectrum with emphasis on the ultrasound features. Br J Radiol. 74(883):595-601, 2001
                                                                                      10. Luscher TF et al: Simple renal cyst and hypertension: cause or coincidence? Clin Nephrol. 26(2):91-5, 1986
                                                                                      11. Papanicolaou N et al: Spontaneous and traumatic rupture of renal cysts: diagnosis and outcome. Radiology. 160(1):99-103, 1986