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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Tumor extending into skin directly overlying tumor
- Peau d'orange = skin resembling orange peel
- Erythematous; thickened with prominent skin pores
- Implies lymphatic obstruction and edema
- Usually seen with inflammatory carcinoma
- Distinguish from Paget disease
- Adenocarcinoma cells in epidermis of nipple-areolar complex
- In situ disease in and of itself
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Image-Guided Biopsy
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Amin MB et al: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 8th ed. Springer, 2018
- Edge SB et al: AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook. 7th ed. New York: Springer, 2011
- Nakamura N et al: Palliative radiotherapy for breast cancer patients with skin invasion: a multi-institutional prospective observational study. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 48(6):555-558, 2018
- Marta GN et al: Multidisciplinary international survey of post-operative radiation therapy practices after nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol. 43(11):2036-2043, 2017
- Lee SC et al: Radiologist's role in breast cancer staging: providing key information for clinicians. Radiographics. 34(2):330-42, 2014
- Miranda BH et al: Axillary skin malignancy: a rare breast cancer presentation. Ann Plast Surg. 72(5):513-4, 2014
- Silverman D et al: Skin involvement and breast cancer: are T4b lesions of all sizes created equal? J Am Coll Surg. 219(3):534-44, 2014
- Agrawal A et al: Skin sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: a review. Eur J Surg Oncol. 39(4):320-8, 2013
- Mazilu L et al: Optimizing the indication for breast-conservative surgery (BCS) in patients with locally-advanced breast cancer. Chirurgia (Bucur). 108(4):478-81, 2013
- Sanders MA et al: Paget disease of the breast with invasion from nipple skin into the dermis: an unusual type of skin invasion not associated with an adverse outcome. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 137(1):72-6, 2013
- Fernandez-Flores A: Cutaneous metastases: a study of 78 biopsies from 69 patients. Am J Dermatopathol. 32(3):222-39, 2010
- Tada K et al: Skin invasion and prognosis in node negative breast cancer: a retrospective study. World J Surg Oncol. 6:10, 2008
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Tumor extending into skin directly overlying tumor
- Peau d'orange = skin resembling orange peel
- Erythematous; thickened with prominent skin pores
- Implies lymphatic obstruction and edema
- Usually seen with inflammatory carcinoma
- Distinguish from Paget disease
- Adenocarcinoma cells in epidermis of nipple-areolar complex
- In situ disease in and of itself
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Image-Guided Biopsy
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Amin MB et al: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 8th ed. Springer, 2018
- Edge SB et al: AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook. 7th ed. New York: Springer, 2011
- Nakamura N et al: Palliative radiotherapy for breast cancer patients with skin invasion: a multi-institutional prospective observational study. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 48(6):555-558, 2018
- Marta GN et al: Multidisciplinary international survey of post-operative radiation therapy practices after nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol. 43(11):2036-2043, 2017
- Lee SC et al: Radiologist's role in breast cancer staging: providing key information for clinicians. Radiographics. 34(2):330-42, 2014
- Miranda BH et al: Axillary skin malignancy: a rare breast cancer presentation. Ann Plast Surg. 72(5):513-4, 2014
- Silverman D et al: Skin involvement and breast cancer: are T4b lesions of all sizes created equal? J Am Coll Surg. 219(3):534-44, 2014
- Agrawal A et al: Skin sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: a review. Eur J Surg Oncol. 39(4):320-8, 2013
- Mazilu L et al: Optimizing the indication for breast-conservative surgery (BCS) in patients with locally-advanced breast cancer. Chirurgia (Bucur). 108(4):478-81, 2013
- Sanders MA et al: Paget disease of the breast with invasion from nipple skin into the dermis: an unusual type of skin invasion not associated with an adverse outcome. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 137(1):72-6, 2013
- Fernandez-Flores A: Cutaneous metastases: a study of 78 biopsies from 69 patients. Am J Dermatopathol. 32(3):222-39, 2010
- Tada K et al: Skin invasion and prognosis in node negative breast cancer: a retrospective study. World J Surg Oncol. 6:10, 2008
