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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Stellate margins
Definitions
Sharp lines radiating from margin of mass
May have associated architectural distortion: Retraction of parenchyma and tethering of Cooper ligaments
Can be isolated finding (without central mass)
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Wu T et al: Identification of a correlation between the sonographic appearance and molecular subtype of invasive breast cancer: a review of 311 cases. Clin Imaging. 53:179-85, 2019
Gity M et al: Diagnostic investigation of breast magnetic resonance imaging in malignant and benign mass lesions. Arch Med Sci. 14(5):1061-9, 2018
Vijapura C et al: Imaging features of nonmalignant and malignant architectural distortion detected By Tomosynthesis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 211(6):1397-1404, 2018
Wen X et al: Correlations between ultrasonographic findings of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast and intrinsic subtypes. Ultraschall Med. ePub, 2018
Woodard GA et al: Qualitative radiogenomics: association between oncotype DX test recurrence score and BI-RADS mammographic and breast MR imaging features. Radiology. 286(1):60-70, 2018
Au FW et al: Histological grade and immunohistochemical biomarkers of breast cancer: correlation to ultrasound features. J Ultrasound Med. 36(9):1883-94, 2017
Lee SH et al: Imaging features of breast cancers on digital breast tomosynthesis according to molecular subtype: association with breast cancer detection. Br J Radiol. 90(1080):20170470, 2017
Navarro Vilar L et al: MR imaging findings in molecular subtypes of breast cancer according to BIRADS system. Breast J. 23(4):421-8, 2017
Houssami N et al: Digital breast tomosynthesis (3D-mammography) screening: A pictorial review of screen-detected cancers and false recalls attributed to tomosynthesis in prospective screening trials. Breast. 26:119-34, 2016
Kamal RM et al: Can we apply the MRI BI-RADS lexicon morphology descriptors on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography? Br J Radiol. 20160157, 2016
Liu S et al: Is there a correlation between the presence of a spiculated mass on mammogram and luminal a subtype breast cancer? Korean J Radiol. 17(6):846-52, 2016
Irshad A et al: Assessing the role of ultrasound in predicting the biological behavior of breast cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(2):284-90, 2013
Mendelson EB et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BI-RADS: Ultrasound. 2nd ed. Reston, VA: American College of Radiology, 2013
Morris EA et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BI-RADS: MRI. 2nd ed. Reston, VA: American College of Radiology, 2013
Sickles EA et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BI-RADS: Mammography. 5th ed. Reston, VA: American College of Radiology, 2013
Skaane P et al: Comparison of digital mammography alone and digital mammography plus tomosynthesis in a population-based screening program. Radiology. 267(1):47-56, 2013
Blaichman J et al: Sonographic appearance of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast according to histologic grade. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199(3):W402-8, 2012
Linda A et al: Nonsurgical management of high-risk lesions diagnosed at core needle biopsy: can malignancy be ruled out safely with breast MRI? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(2):272-80, 2012
Brennan ME et al: Magnetic resonance imaging screening of the contralateral breast in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of incremental cancer detection and impact on surgical management. J Clin Oncol. 27(33):5640-9, 2009
Wang Y et al: Estrogen receptor-negative invasive breast cancer: imaging features of tumors with and without human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 overexpression. Radiology. 246(2):367-75, 2008
Alexander MC et al: Association of stellate mammographic pattern with survival in small invasive breast tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(1):29-37, 2006
Evans AJ et al: Is mammographic spiculation an independent, good prognostic factor in screening-detected invasive breast cancer? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(5):1377-80, 2006
Hong AS et al: BI-RADS for sonography: positive and negative predictive values of sonographic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(4):1260-5, 2005
Liberman L et al: MR imaging of the ipsilateral breast in women with percutaneously proven breast cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(4):901-10, 2003
Tabár L et al: The Swedish Two-County Trial twenty years later. Updated mortality results and new insights from long-term follow-up. Radiol Clin North Am. 38(4):625-51, 2000
Liberman L et al: The breast imaging reporting and data system: positive predictive value of mammographic features and final assessment categories. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 171(1):35-40, 1998
Stavros AT et al: Solid breast nodules: use of sonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Radiology. 196(1):123-34, 1995
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Stellate margins
Definitions
Sharp lines radiating from margin of mass
May have associated architectural distortion: Retraction of parenchyma and tethering of Cooper ligaments
Can be isolated finding (without central mass)
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Wu T et al: Identification of a correlation between the sonographic appearance and molecular subtype of invasive breast cancer: a review of 311 cases. Clin Imaging. 53:179-85, 2019
Gity M et al: Diagnostic investigation of breast magnetic resonance imaging in malignant and benign mass lesions. Arch Med Sci. 14(5):1061-9, 2018
Vijapura C et al: Imaging features of nonmalignant and malignant architectural distortion detected By Tomosynthesis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 211(6):1397-1404, 2018
Wen X et al: Correlations between ultrasonographic findings of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast and intrinsic subtypes. Ultraschall Med. ePub, 2018
Woodard GA et al: Qualitative radiogenomics: association between oncotype DX test recurrence score and BI-RADS mammographic and breast MR imaging features. Radiology. 286(1):60-70, 2018
Au FW et al: Histological grade and immunohistochemical biomarkers of breast cancer: correlation to ultrasound features. J Ultrasound Med. 36(9):1883-94, 2017
Lee SH et al: Imaging features of breast cancers on digital breast tomosynthesis according to molecular subtype: association with breast cancer detection. Br J Radiol. 90(1080):20170470, 2017
Navarro Vilar L et al: MR imaging findings in molecular subtypes of breast cancer according to BIRADS system. Breast J. 23(4):421-8, 2017
Houssami N et al: Digital breast tomosynthesis (3D-mammography) screening: A pictorial review of screen-detected cancers and false recalls attributed to tomosynthesis in prospective screening trials. Breast. 26:119-34, 2016
Kamal RM et al: Can we apply the MRI BI-RADS lexicon morphology descriptors on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography? Br J Radiol. 20160157, 2016
Liu S et al: Is there a correlation between the presence of a spiculated mass on mammogram and luminal a subtype breast cancer? Korean J Radiol. 17(6):846-52, 2016
Irshad A et al: Assessing the role of ultrasound in predicting the biological behavior of breast cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200(2):284-90, 2013
Mendelson EB et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BI-RADS: Ultrasound. 2nd ed. Reston, VA: American College of Radiology, 2013
Morris EA et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BI-RADS: MRI. 2nd ed. Reston, VA: American College of Radiology, 2013
Sickles EA et al: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BI-RADS: Mammography. 5th ed. Reston, VA: American College of Radiology, 2013
Skaane P et al: Comparison of digital mammography alone and digital mammography plus tomosynthesis in a population-based screening program. Radiology. 267(1):47-56, 2013
Blaichman J et al: Sonographic appearance of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast according to histologic grade. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199(3):W402-8, 2012
Linda A et al: Nonsurgical management of high-risk lesions diagnosed at core needle biopsy: can malignancy be ruled out safely with breast MRI? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198(2):272-80, 2012
Brennan ME et al: Magnetic resonance imaging screening of the contralateral breast in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of incremental cancer detection and impact on surgical management. J Clin Oncol. 27(33):5640-9, 2009
Wang Y et al: Estrogen receptor-negative invasive breast cancer: imaging features of tumors with and without human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 overexpression. Radiology. 246(2):367-75, 2008
Alexander MC et al: Association of stellate mammographic pattern with survival in small invasive breast tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(1):29-37, 2006
Evans AJ et al: Is mammographic spiculation an independent, good prognostic factor in screening-detected invasive breast cancer? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(5):1377-80, 2006
Hong AS et al: BI-RADS for sonography: positive and negative predictive values of sonographic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(4):1260-5, 2005
Liberman L et al: MR imaging of the ipsilateral breast in women with percutaneously proven breast cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(4):901-10, 2003
Tabár L et al: The Swedish Two-County Trial twenty years later. Updated mortality results and new insights from long-term follow-up. Radiol Clin North Am. 38(4):625-51, 2000
Liberman L et al: The breast imaging reporting and data system: positive predictive value of mammographic features and final assessment categories. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 171(1):35-40, 1998
Stavros AT et al: Solid breast nodules: use of sonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Radiology. 196(1):123-34, 1995
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