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Spinal Cord Astrocytoma
Blaise V. Jones, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Imaging

    • Top Differential Diagnoses

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Spinal glioma, intramedullary glioma
          • Definitions

            • Primary intramedullary neoplasm of spinal cord originating from astrocytes

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • Nonvascular Interventions

                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                • Microscopic Features

                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                  • Presentation

                                    • Demographics

                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                        • Treatment

                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                          • Consider

                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Perwein T et al: High frequency of disease progression in pediatric spinal cord low-grade glioma (LGG): management strategies and results from the German LGG study group. Neuro Oncol. 23(7):1148-62, 2021
                                              2. Carey SS et al: Evaluating pediatric spinal low-grade gliomas: a 30-year retrospective analysis. J Neurooncol. 145(3):519-29, 2019
                                              3. Ogunlade J et al: Primary spinal astrocytomas: a literature review. Cureus. 11(7):e5247, 2019
                                              4. She DJ et al: MR imaging features of spinal pilocytic astrocytoma. BMC Med Imaging. 19(1):5, 2019
                                              5. Aboian MS et al: Imaging characteristics of pediatric diffuse midline gliomas with histone H3 K27M mutation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 38(4):795-800, 2017
                                              6. Karikari IO et al: Impact of tumor histology on resectability and neurological outcome in primary intramedullary spinal cord tumors: a single-center experience with 102 patients. Neurosurgery. 76 Suppl 1:S4-13; discussion S13, 2015
                                              7. Ahmed R et al: Long-term disease and neurological outcomes in patients with pediatric intramedullary spinal cord tumors. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 13(6):600-12, 2014
                                              8. Milano MT et al: Primary spinal cord glioma: a surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database study. J Neurooncol. 98(1):83-92, 2010
                                              9. Raco A et al: High-grade intramedullary astrocytomas: 30 years' experience at the Neurosurgery Department of the University of Rome "Sapienza". J Neurosurg Spine. 12(2):144-53, 2010
                                              10. Seo HS et al: Nonenhancing intramedullary astrocytomas and other MR imaging features: a retrospective study and systematic review. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 31(3):498-503, 2010
                                              11. Tendulkar RD et al: Irradiation of pediatric high-grade spinal cord tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 78(5):1451-6, 2010
                                              12. Garcés-Ambrossi GL et al: Factors associated with progression-free survival and long-term neurological outcome after resection of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: analysis of 101 consecutive cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 11(5):591-9, 2009
                                              13. Peraud A et al: Recurrent spinal cord astrocytoma with intraventricular seeding. Childs Nerv Syst. 20(2):114-8, 2004
                                              14. Colby C et al: Rapid deterioration of a newborn with congenital spinal cord astrocytoma. Med Pediatr Oncol. 36(4):500-2, 2001
                                              15. Chacko AG et al: Favorable outcome after radical excision of a 'holocord' astrocytoma. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 102(4):240-2, 2000
                                              16. Constantini S et al: Radical excision of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: surgical morbidity and long-term follow-up evaluation in 164 children and young adults. J Neurosurg. 93(2 Suppl):183-93, 2000
                                              17. Houten JK et al: Pediatric intramedullary spinal cord tumors: special considerations. J Neurooncol. 47(3):225-30, 2000
                                              18. Merchant TE et al: Pediatric low-grade and ependymal spinal cord tumors. Pediatr Neurosurg. 32(1):30-6, 2000
                                              19. Ng A et al: Congenital spinal astrocytoma: how favourable is the long-term outcome? Br J Neurosurg. 14(4):366-70, 2000
                                              20. Nishio S et al: Spinal cord gliomas: management and outcome with reference to adjuvant therapy. J Clin Neurosci. 7(1):20-3, 2000
                                              21. Wilmshurst JM et al: Positron emission tomography in imaging spinal cord tumors. J Child Neurol. 15(7):465-72, 2000
                                              22. Abdel-Wahab M et al: Prognostic factors and survival in patients with spinal cord gliomas after radiation therapy. Am J Clin Oncol. 22(4):344-51, 1999
                                              23. Kulkarni AV et al: MR characteristics of malignant spinal cord astrocytomas in children. Can J Neurol Sci. 26(4):290-3, 1999
                                              24. Bouffet E et al: Prognostic factors in pediatric spinal cord astrocytoma. Cancer. 83(11):2391-9, 1998
                                              25. Lowis SP et al: Chemotherapy for spinal cord astrocytoma: can natural history be modified? Childs Nerv Syst. 14(7):317-21, 1998
                                              26. Yagi T et al: Intramedullary spinal cord tumour associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 139(11):1055-60, 1997
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      TERMINOLOGY

                                                      • Synonyms

                                                        • Spinal glioma, intramedullary glioma
                                                      • Definitions

                                                        • Primary intramedullary neoplasm of spinal cord originating from astrocytes

                                                      IMAGING

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • CT Findings

                                                          • MR Findings

                                                            • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                              • Nonvascular Interventions

                                                                • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                                      • General Features

                                                                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                              • Presentation

                                                                                • Demographics

                                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                      • Consider

                                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Perwein T et al: High frequency of disease progression in pediatric spinal cord low-grade glioma (LGG): management strategies and results from the German LGG study group. Neuro Oncol. 23(7):1148-62, 2021
                                                                                          2. Carey SS et al: Evaluating pediatric spinal low-grade gliomas: a 30-year retrospective analysis. J Neurooncol. 145(3):519-29, 2019
                                                                                          3. Ogunlade J et al: Primary spinal astrocytomas: a literature review. Cureus. 11(7):e5247, 2019
                                                                                          4. She DJ et al: MR imaging features of spinal pilocytic astrocytoma. BMC Med Imaging. 19(1):5, 2019
                                                                                          5. Aboian MS et al: Imaging characteristics of pediatric diffuse midline gliomas with histone H3 K27M mutation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 38(4):795-800, 2017
                                                                                          6. Karikari IO et al: Impact of tumor histology on resectability and neurological outcome in primary intramedullary spinal cord tumors: a single-center experience with 102 patients. Neurosurgery. 76 Suppl 1:S4-13; discussion S13, 2015
                                                                                          7. Ahmed R et al: Long-term disease and neurological outcomes in patients with pediatric intramedullary spinal cord tumors. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 13(6):600-12, 2014
                                                                                          8. Milano MT et al: Primary spinal cord glioma: a surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database study. J Neurooncol. 98(1):83-92, 2010
                                                                                          9. Raco A et al: High-grade intramedullary astrocytomas: 30 years' experience at the Neurosurgery Department of the University of Rome "Sapienza". J Neurosurg Spine. 12(2):144-53, 2010
                                                                                          10. Seo HS et al: Nonenhancing intramedullary astrocytomas and other MR imaging features: a retrospective study and systematic review. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 31(3):498-503, 2010
                                                                                          11. Tendulkar RD et al: Irradiation of pediatric high-grade spinal cord tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 78(5):1451-6, 2010
                                                                                          12. Garcés-Ambrossi GL et al: Factors associated with progression-free survival and long-term neurological outcome after resection of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: analysis of 101 consecutive cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 11(5):591-9, 2009
                                                                                          13. Peraud A et al: Recurrent spinal cord astrocytoma with intraventricular seeding. Childs Nerv Syst. 20(2):114-8, 2004
                                                                                          14. Colby C et al: Rapid deterioration of a newborn with congenital spinal cord astrocytoma. Med Pediatr Oncol. 36(4):500-2, 2001
                                                                                          15. Chacko AG et al: Favorable outcome after radical excision of a 'holocord' astrocytoma. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 102(4):240-2, 2000
                                                                                          16. Constantini S et al: Radical excision of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: surgical morbidity and long-term follow-up evaluation in 164 children and young adults. J Neurosurg. 93(2 Suppl):183-93, 2000
                                                                                          17. Houten JK et al: Pediatric intramedullary spinal cord tumors: special considerations. J Neurooncol. 47(3):225-30, 2000
                                                                                          18. Merchant TE et al: Pediatric low-grade and ependymal spinal cord tumors. Pediatr Neurosurg. 32(1):30-6, 2000
                                                                                          19. Ng A et al: Congenital spinal astrocytoma: how favourable is the long-term outcome? Br J Neurosurg. 14(4):366-70, 2000
                                                                                          20. Nishio S et al: Spinal cord gliomas: management and outcome with reference to adjuvant therapy. J Clin Neurosci. 7(1):20-3, 2000
                                                                                          21. Wilmshurst JM et al: Positron emission tomography in imaging spinal cord tumors. J Child Neurol. 15(7):465-72, 2000
                                                                                          22. Abdel-Wahab M et al: Prognostic factors and survival in patients with spinal cord gliomas after radiation therapy. Am J Clin Oncol. 22(4):344-51, 1999
                                                                                          23. Kulkarni AV et al: MR characteristics of malignant spinal cord astrocytomas in children. Can J Neurol Sci. 26(4):290-3, 1999
                                                                                          24. Bouffet E et al: Prognostic factors in pediatric spinal cord astrocytoma. Cancer. 83(11):2391-9, 1998
                                                                                          25. Lowis SP et al: Chemotherapy for spinal cord astrocytoma: can natural history be modified? Childs Nerv Syst. 14(7):317-21, 1998
                                                                                          26. Yagi T et al: Intramedullary spinal cord tumour associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 139(11):1055-60, 1997