Metastatic lesion from primary carcinoma in another organ (including brain)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Barrie U et al: Intramedullary spinal metastatic renal cell carcinoma: systematic review of disease presentation, treatment, and prognosis with case illustration. World Neurosurg. 134:584-93, 2020
Goyal A et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: an institutional review of survival and outcomes. J Neurooncol. 142(2):347-54, 2019
Payer S et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: an increasingly common diagnosis. Neurosurg Focus. 39(2):E15, 2015
Rykken JB et al: Rim and flame signs: postgadolinium MRI findings specific for non-CNS intramedullary spinal cord metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34(4):908-15, 2013
Sung WS et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: a 20-year institutional experience with a comprehensive literature review. World Neurosurg. 79(3-4):576-84, 2013
Birbilis TA et al: Spinal metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme: an uncommon suspect? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 35(7):E264-9, 2010
Graber JJ et al: Myelopathies in patients with cancer. Arch Neurol. 67(3):298-304, 2010
Dam-Hieu P et al: Retrospective study of 19 patients with intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 111(1):10-7, 2009
Ebner FH et al: Intramedullary lesions of the conus medullaris: differential diagnosis and surgical management. Neurosurg Rev. 32(3):287-300; discussion 300-1, 2009
Pellegrini D et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Arch Neurol. 66(11):1422, 2009
Shin DA et al: Stereotactic spine radiosurgery for intradural and intramedullary metastasis. Neurosurg Focus. 27(6):E10, 2009
Donovan DJ et al: Solitary intramedullary spinal cord tumor presenting as the initial manifestation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 31(14):E460-3, 2006
Aryan HE et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma presenting as Brown-Sequard syndrome. Surg Neurol. 61(1):72-6, 2004
Kaya RA et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis: a rare and devastating complication of cancer--two case reports. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 43(12):612-5, 2003
Reddy P et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: case report and review of literature. J La State Med Soc. 155(1):44-5, 2003
Ogino M et al: Successful removal of solitary intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from colon cancer. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 104(2):152-6, 2002
Fakih M et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) in renal cell carcinoma: a series of six cases. Ann Oncol. 12(8):1173-7, 2001
Mortimer N et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Lancet Oncol. 2(10):607, 2001
Potti A et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases (ISCM) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): clinical patterns, diagnosis and therapeutic considerations. Lung Cancer. 31(2-3):319-23, 2001
Ateaque A et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases from a hypernephroma 11 years following the diagnosis and treatment of the primary lesion. Br J Neurosurg. 14(5):474-6, 2000
Mathur S et al: Late intramedullary spinal cord metastasis in a patient with lymphoblastic lymphoma: case report. J Clin Neurosci. 7(3):264-8, 2000
Schijns OE et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis as a first manifestation of a renal cell carcinoma: report of a case and review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 102(4):249-54, 2000
Sutter B et al: Treatment options and time course for intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Report of three cases and review of the literature. Neurosurg Focus. 4(5):e3, 1998
Keung YK et al: Secondary syringomyelia due to intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Case report and review of literature. Am J Clin Oncol. 20(6):577-9, 1997
Connolly ES Jr et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis: report of three cases and review of the literature. Surg Neurol. 46(4):329-37; discussion 337-8, 1996
Honma Y et al: Intramedullary spinal cord and brain metastases from thyroid carcinoma detected 11 years after initial diagnosis--case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 36(8):593-7, 1996
Phuphanich S et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of syrinx associated with intramedullary metastases and leptomeningeal disease. J Neuroimaging. 6(2):115-7, 1996
Schiff D et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: clinical features and treatment outcome. Neurology. 47(4):906-12, 1996
Shibamoto Y et al: Spinal metastasis from occult intracranial germinoma mimicking primary intramedullary tumour. Neuroradiology. 36(2):137-8, 1994
Raco A et al: Intramedullary metastasis of unknown origin: a case report. Neurosurg Rev. 15(2):135-8, 1992
Tognetti F et al: Metastases of the spinal cord from remote neoplasms. Study of five cases. Surg Neurol. 30(3):220-7, 1988
Van Velthoven V et al: Intramedullary spread of a cerebral oligodendroglioma. Surg Neurol. 30(6):476-81, 1988
Foster O et al: Syrinx associated with intramedullary metastasis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 50(8):1067-70, 1987
Winkelman MD et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. Arch Neurol. 44(5):526-31, 1987
Metastatic lesion from primary carcinoma in another organ (including brain)
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Barrie U et al: Intramedullary spinal metastatic renal cell carcinoma: systematic review of disease presentation, treatment, and prognosis with case illustration. World Neurosurg. 134:584-93, 2020
Goyal A et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: an institutional review of survival and outcomes. J Neurooncol. 142(2):347-54, 2019
Payer S et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: an increasingly common diagnosis. Neurosurg Focus. 39(2):E15, 2015
Rykken JB et al: Rim and flame signs: postgadolinium MRI findings specific for non-CNS intramedullary spinal cord metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34(4):908-15, 2013
Sung WS et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: a 20-year institutional experience with a comprehensive literature review. World Neurosurg. 79(3-4):576-84, 2013
Birbilis TA et al: Spinal metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme: an uncommon suspect? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 35(7):E264-9, 2010
Graber JJ et al: Myelopathies in patients with cancer. Arch Neurol. 67(3):298-304, 2010
Dam-Hieu P et al: Retrospective study of 19 patients with intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 111(1):10-7, 2009
Ebner FH et al: Intramedullary lesions of the conus medullaris: differential diagnosis and surgical management. Neurosurg Rev. 32(3):287-300; discussion 300-1, 2009
Pellegrini D et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Arch Neurol. 66(11):1422, 2009
Shin DA et al: Stereotactic spine radiosurgery for intradural and intramedullary metastasis. Neurosurg Focus. 27(6):E10, 2009
Donovan DJ et al: Solitary intramedullary spinal cord tumor presenting as the initial manifestation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 31(14):E460-3, 2006
Aryan HE et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma presenting as Brown-Sequard syndrome. Surg Neurol. 61(1):72-6, 2004
Kaya RA et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis: a rare and devastating complication of cancer--two case reports. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 43(12):612-5, 2003
Reddy P et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: case report and review of literature. J La State Med Soc. 155(1):44-5, 2003
Ogino M et al: Successful removal of solitary intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from colon cancer. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 104(2):152-6, 2002
Fakih M et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) in renal cell carcinoma: a series of six cases. Ann Oncol. 12(8):1173-7, 2001
Mortimer N et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Lancet Oncol. 2(10):607, 2001
Potti A et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases (ISCM) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): clinical patterns, diagnosis and therapeutic considerations. Lung Cancer. 31(2-3):319-23, 2001
Ateaque A et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases from a hypernephroma 11 years following the diagnosis and treatment of the primary lesion. Br J Neurosurg. 14(5):474-6, 2000
Mathur S et al: Late intramedullary spinal cord metastasis in a patient with lymphoblastic lymphoma: case report. J Clin Neurosci. 7(3):264-8, 2000
Schijns OE et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis as a first manifestation of a renal cell carcinoma: report of a case and review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 102(4):249-54, 2000
Sutter B et al: Treatment options and time course for intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Report of three cases and review of the literature. Neurosurg Focus. 4(5):e3, 1998
Keung YK et al: Secondary syringomyelia due to intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Case report and review of literature. Am J Clin Oncol. 20(6):577-9, 1997
Connolly ES Jr et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis: report of three cases and review of the literature. Surg Neurol. 46(4):329-37; discussion 337-8, 1996
Honma Y et al: Intramedullary spinal cord and brain metastases from thyroid carcinoma detected 11 years after initial diagnosis--case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 36(8):593-7, 1996
Phuphanich S et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of syrinx associated with intramedullary metastases and leptomeningeal disease. J Neuroimaging. 6(2):115-7, 1996
Schiff D et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastases: clinical features and treatment outcome. Neurology. 47(4):906-12, 1996
Shibamoto Y et al: Spinal metastasis from occult intracranial germinoma mimicking primary intramedullary tumour. Neuroradiology. 36(2):137-8, 1994
Raco A et al: Intramedullary metastasis of unknown origin: a case report. Neurosurg Rev. 15(2):135-8, 1992
Tognetti F et al: Metastases of the spinal cord from remote neoplasms. Study of five cases. Surg Neurol. 30(3):220-7, 1988
Van Velthoven V et al: Intramedullary spread of a cerebral oligodendroglioma. Surg Neurol. 30(6):476-81, 1988
Foster O et al: Syrinx associated with intramedullary metastasis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 50(8):1067-70, 1987
Winkelman MD et al: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. Arch Neurol. 44(5):526-31, 1987
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