Type 1 spinal arteriovenous fistula (AVF), dural AVF (dAVF)
Dural fistula; type 1 spinal vascular malformation; radiculomeningeal fistula
Definitions
Spinal AVF, present within dura, with intradural distended draining veins
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kramer CL: Vascular disorders of the spinal cord. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 24(2, Spinal Cord Disorders):407-26, 2018
Takai K: Spinal arteriovenous shunts: angioarchitecture and historical changes in classification. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 57(7):356-65, 2017
Saindane AM et al: Contrast-enhanced time-resolved MRA for pre-angiographic evaluation of suspected spinal dural arterial venous fistulas. J Neurointerv Surg. 7(2):135-40, 2015
Oda S et al: Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced 3T MR and 64-row multidetector CT angiography for the localization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 35(2):407-12, 2014
Kaufmann TJ et al: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in treated spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: lack of correlation with clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine. 14(4):548-54, 2011
Klopper HB et al: Type I spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: historical review and illustrative case. Neurosurg Focus. 26(1):E3, 2009
Krings T et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):639-48, 2009
Sivakumar W et al: Endovascular management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. A review. Neurosurg Focus. 26(5):E15, 2009
Farb RI et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula localization with a technique of first-pass gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography: initial experience. Radiology. 222(3): 843-50, 2002
Spetzler RF et al: Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):145-56, 2002
Van Dijk JM et al: Multidisciplinary management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical presentation and long-term follow-up in 49 patients. Stroke. 33(6):1578-83, 2002
Mascalchi M et al: Spinal vascular malformations: MR angiography after treatment. Radiology. 219(2): 346-53, 2001
Song JK et al: Surgical and endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: long-term disability assessment and prognostic factors. J Neurosurg. 94(2 Suppl): 199-204, 2001
Hurst RW et al: Peripheral spinal cord hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images: a reliable imaging sign of venous hypertensive myelopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(4):781-6, 2000
Bowen BC et al: MR angiography of the spine. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 6(1): 165-78, 1998
Anson J et al: Classification of spinal arteriovenous malformations and implications for treatment. BNI Quarterly. 8:2-8, 1992
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Type 1 spinal arteriovenous fistula (AVF), dural AVF (dAVF)
Dural fistula; type 1 spinal vascular malformation; radiculomeningeal fistula
Definitions
Spinal AVF, present within dura, with intradural distended draining veins
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kramer CL: Vascular disorders of the spinal cord. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 24(2, Spinal Cord Disorders):407-26, 2018
Takai K: Spinal arteriovenous shunts: angioarchitecture and historical changes in classification. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 57(7):356-65, 2017
Saindane AM et al: Contrast-enhanced time-resolved MRA for pre-angiographic evaluation of suspected spinal dural arterial venous fistulas. J Neurointerv Surg. 7(2):135-40, 2015
Oda S et al: Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced 3T MR and 64-row multidetector CT angiography for the localization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 35(2):407-12, 2014
Kaufmann TJ et al: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in treated spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: lack of correlation with clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine. 14(4):548-54, 2011
Klopper HB et al: Type I spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: historical review and illustrative case. Neurosurg Focus. 26(1):E3, 2009
Krings T et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):639-48, 2009
Sivakumar W et al: Endovascular management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. A review. Neurosurg Focus. 26(5):E15, 2009
Farb RI et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula localization with a technique of first-pass gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography: initial experience. Radiology. 222(3): 843-50, 2002
Spetzler RF et al: Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):145-56, 2002
Van Dijk JM et al: Multidisciplinary management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical presentation and long-term follow-up in 49 patients. Stroke. 33(6):1578-83, 2002
Mascalchi M et al: Spinal vascular malformations: MR angiography after treatment. Radiology. 219(2): 346-53, 2001
Song JK et al: Surgical and endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: long-term disability assessment and prognostic factors. J Neurosurg. 94(2 Suppl): 199-204, 2001
Hurst RW et al: Peripheral spinal cord hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images: a reliable imaging sign of venous hypertensive myelopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(4):781-6, 2000
Bowen BC et al: MR angiography of the spine. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 6(1): 165-78, 1998
Anson J et al: Classification of spinal arteriovenous malformations and implications for treatment. BNI Quarterly. 8:2-8, 1992
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