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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Type 1 spinal arteriovenous fistula (AVF), dural AVF (dAVF)
- Dural fistula; type 1 spinal vascular malformation; radiculomeningeal fistula
Definitions
- Spinal AVF, present within dura, with intradural distended draining veins
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Kramer CL: Vascular disorders of the spinal cord. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 24(2, Spinal Cord Disorders):407-26, 2018
- Takai K: Spinal arteriovenous shunts: angioarchitecture and historical changes in classification. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 57(7):356-65, 2017
- Saindane AM et al: Contrast-enhanced time-resolved MRA for pre-angiographic evaluation of suspected spinal dural arterial venous fistulas. J Neurointerv Surg. 7(2):135-40, 2015
- Oda S et al: Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced 3T MR and 64-row multidetector CT angiography for the localization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 35(2):407-12, 2014
- Kaufmann TJ et al: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in treated spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: lack of correlation with clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine. 14(4):548-54, 2011
- Klopper HB et al: Type I spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: historical review and illustrative case. Neurosurg Focus. 26(1):E3, 2009
- Krings T et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):639-48, 2009
- Sivakumar W et al: Endovascular management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. A review. Neurosurg Focus. 26(5):E15, 2009
- Farb RI et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula localization with a technique of first-pass gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography: initial experience. Radiology. 222(3): 843-50, 2002
- Spetzler RF et al: Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):145-56, 2002
- Van Dijk JM et al: Multidisciplinary management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical presentation and long-term follow-up in 49 patients. Stroke. 33(6):1578-83, 2002
- Mascalchi M et al: Spinal vascular malformations: MR angiography after treatment. Radiology. 219(2): 346-53, 2001
- Song JK et al: Surgical and endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: long-term disability assessment and prognostic factors. J Neurosurg. 94(2 Suppl): 199-204, 2001
- Hurst RW et al: Peripheral spinal cord hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images: a reliable imaging sign of venous hypertensive myelopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(4):781-6, 2000
- Bowen BC et al: MR angiography of the spine. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 6(1): 165-78, 1998
- Anson J et al: Classification of spinal arteriovenous malformations and implications for treatment. BNI Quarterly. 8:2-8, 1992
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Type 1 spinal arteriovenous fistula (AVF), dural AVF (dAVF)
- Dural fistula; type 1 spinal vascular malformation; radiculomeningeal fistula
Definitions
- Spinal AVF, present within dura, with intradural distended draining veins
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Kramer CL: Vascular disorders of the spinal cord. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 24(2, Spinal Cord Disorders):407-26, 2018
- Takai K: Spinal arteriovenous shunts: angioarchitecture and historical changes in classification. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 57(7):356-65, 2017
- Saindane AM et al: Contrast-enhanced time-resolved MRA for pre-angiographic evaluation of suspected spinal dural arterial venous fistulas. J Neurointerv Surg. 7(2):135-40, 2015
- Oda S et al: Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced 3T MR and 64-row multidetector CT angiography for the localization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 35(2):407-12, 2014
- Kaufmann TJ et al: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in treated spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: lack of correlation with clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg Spine. 14(4):548-54, 2011
- Klopper HB et al: Type I spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: historical review and illustrative case. Neurosurg Focus. 26(1):E3, 2009
- Krings T et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):639-48, 2009
- Sivakumar W et al: Endovascular management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. A review. Neurosurg Focus. 26(5):E15, 2009
- Farb RI et al: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula localization with a technique of first-pass gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography: initial experience. Radiology. 222(3): 843-50, 2002
- Spetzler RF et al: Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):145-56, 2002
- Van Dijk JM et al: Multidisciplinary management of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical presentation and long-term follow-up in 49 patients. Stroke. 33(6):1578-83, 2002
- Mascalchi M et al: Spinal vascular malformations: MR angiography after treatment. Radiology. 219(2): 346-53, 2001
- Song JK et al: Surgical and endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: long-term disability assessment and prognostic factors. J Neurosurg. 94(2 Suppl): 199-204, 2001
- Hurst RW et al: Peripheral spinal cord hypointensity on T2-weighted MR images: a reliable imaging sign of venous hypertensive myelopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(4):781-6, 2000
- Bowen BC et al: MR angiography of the spine. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 6(1): 165-78, 1998
- Anson J et al: Classification of spinal arteriovenous malformations and implications for treatment. BNI Quarterly. 8:2-8, 1992
