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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Older literature: Subependymal glomerulate astrocytoma, subependymal astrocytoma, subependymal mixed glioma
Definitions
- Rare, benign, well-differentiated, intraventricular ependymal tumor, often attached to ventricular wall
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Pontillo G et al: Is this truly a "leave-me-alone" lesion? An unusual case of multiple ring-shaped lateral ventricular nodules. World Neurosurg. 136:32-6, 2020
- Wu L et al: Subependymoma of the conus medullaris with cystic formation: case report and a literature review. World Neurosurg. 137:235-8, 2020
- Klotz E et al: Minimizing cortical disturbance to access ventricular subependymoma - a novel approach utilizing spinal minimally invasive tubular retractor system. Surg Neurol Int. 10:95, 2019
- Mikula AL et al: Subependymoma involving multiple spinal cord levels: A clinicopathological case series with chromosomal microarray analysis. Neuropathology. 39(2):97-105, 2019
- Yao K et al: Detection of H3K27M mutation in cases of brain stem subependymoma. Hum Pathol. 84:262-9, 2019
- Moinuddin FM et al: Bilateral lateral ventricular subependymoma with extensive multiplicity presenting with hemorrhage. Neuroradiol J. 31(1):27-31, 2018
- Muly S et al: MRI of intracranial intraventricular lesions. Clin Imaging. 52:226-39, 2018
- Varma A et al: Surgical management and long-term outcome of intracranial subependymoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 160(9):1793-9, 2018
- Leeper H et al: Recent advances in the classification and treatment of ependymomas. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 18(9):55, 2017
- Nguyen HS et al: Intracranial subependymoma: a SEER analysis 2004-2013. World Neurosurg. 101:599-605, 2017
- Ueda F et al: MR spectroscopy to distinguish between supratentorial intraventricular subependymoma and central neurocytoma. Magn Reson Med Sci. 16(3):223-30 2016
- Louis DN et al: WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System: Subependymoma. Lyon: IARC Press. 102-3, 2016
- Zhou S et al: Neuroradiological features of cervical and cervicothoracic intraspinal subependymomas: a study of five cases. Clin Radiol. 71(5):499.e9-15, 2016
- Bi Z et al: Clinical, radiological, and pathological features in 43 cases of intracranial subependymoma. J Neurosurg. 122(1):49-60, 2015
- Arvanitis LD et al: A 40-year-old male with an intraventricular tumor. Combined tanycytic ependymoma and subependymoma. Brain Pathol. 23(3):359-60, 2013
- Hou Z et al: Clinical features and management of intracranial subependymomas in children. J Clin Neurosci. 20(1):84-8, 2013
- Iwasaki M et al: Thoracolumbar intramedullary subependymoma with multiple cystic formation: a case report and review. Eur Spine J. 22 Suppl 3:S317-20, 2013
- Smith AB et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: intraventricular neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 33(1):21-43, 2013
- Cunha AM et al: Cerebellopontine angle subependymoma without fourth ventricle extension: an uncommon tumor in a rare location. Neuropathology. 32(2):164-70, 2012
- Jain A et al: Subependymoma: clinical features and surgical outcomes. Neurol Res. 34(7):677-84, 2012
- Koral K et al: Subependymoma of the cerebellopontine angle and prepontine cistern in a 15-year-old adolescent boy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(1):190-1, 2008
- Romoli S et al: Unusual exophytic subependymoma in the bulbo-cerebellar angle. Case report. J Neurosurg Sci. 51(2):81-4, 2007
- Rushing EJ et al: Subependymoma revisited: clinicopathological evaluation of 83 cases. J Neurooncol. 85(3):297-305, 2007
- Ragel BT et al: Subependymomas: an analysis of clinical and imaging features. Neurosurgery. 58(5):881-90; discussion 881-90, 2006
- Rath TJ et al: Massive symptomatic subependymoma of the lateral ventricles: case report and review of the literature. Neuroradiology. 47(3):183-8, 2005
- Shuangshoti S et al: Supratentorial extraventricular ependymal neoplasms: a clinicopathologic study of 32 patients. Cancer. 103(12):2598-605, 2005
- Kim HC et al: Subependymoma in the third ventricle in a child. Clin Imaging. 28(5):381-4, 2004
- Im SH et al: Clinicopathological study of seven cases of symptomatic supratentorial subependymoma. J Neurooncol. 61(1):57-67, 2003
- Seol HJ et al: A case of recurrent subependymoma with subependymal seeding: case report. J Neurooncol. 62(3):315-20, 2003
- Burger PC et al: Surgical pathology of the nervous system and its coverings: The Brain: Tumors. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. 250-4, 2002
- Ironside JW et al: Diagnostic pathology of nervous system tumours: Ependymal and choroid plexus tumors. 1st ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. 145-83, 2002
- Nishio S et al: Tumours around the foramen of Monro: clinical and neuroimaging features and their differential diagnosis. J Clin Neurosci. 9(2):137-41, 2002
- Fontenele GI et al: Symptomatic child case of subependymoma in the fourth ventricle without hydrocephalus. Radiat Med. 19(1):37-42, 2001
- Wiestler OD et al: Pathology and genetics of tumours of the nervous system: Subependymoma. Lyon: IARC Press. 80-1, 2000
- Maiuri F et al: Symptomatic subependymomas of the lateral ventricles. Report of eight cases. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 99(1):17-22, 1997
- Mineura K et al: Subependymoma of the septum pellucidum: characterization by PET. J Neurooncol. 32(2):143-7, 1997
- Jallo GI et al: Intramedullary subependymoma of the spinal cord. Neurosurgery. 38(2):251-7, 1996
- Chiechi MV et al: Intracranial subependymomas: CT and MR imaging features in 24 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165(5):1245-50, 1995
- Furie DM et al: Supratentorial ependymomas and subependymomas: CT and MR appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 19(4):518-26, 1995
- Hoeffel C et al: MR manifestations of subependymomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 16(10):2121-9, 1995
- Silverstein JE et al: MRI of intracranial subependymomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 19(2):264-7, 1995
- Iqbal Z et al: Subependymoma of the lateral ventricle: case report and literature review. Br J Neurosurg. 8(1):83-5, 1994
- Ryken TC et al: Familial occurrence of subependymoma. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 80(6):1108-11, 1994
- Lindboe CF et al: Hemorrhage in a highly vascularized subependymoma of the septum pellucidum: case report. Neurosurgery. 31(4):741-5, 1992
- Spoto GP et al: Intracranial ependymoma and subependymoma: MR manifestations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 11(1):83-91, 1990
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Older literature: Subependymal glomerulate astrocytoma, subependymal astrocytoma, subependymal mixed glioma
Definitions
- Rare, benign, well-differentiated, intraventricular ependymal tumor, often attached to ventricular wall
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Pontillo G et al: Is this truly a "leave-me-alone" lesion? An unusual case of multiple ring-shaped lateral ventricular nodules. World Neurosurg. 136:32-6, 2020
- Wu L et al: Subependymoma of the conus medullaris with cystic formation: case report and a literature review. World Neurosurg. 137:235-8, 2020
- Klotz E et al: Minimizing cortical disturbance to access ventricular subependymoma - a novel approach utilizing spinal minimally invasive tubular retractor system. Surg Neurol Int. 10:95, 2019
- Mikula AL et al: Subependymoma involving multiple spinal cord levels: A clinicopathological case series with chromosomal microarray analysis. Neuropathology. 39(2):97-105, 2019
- Yao K et al: Detection of H3K27M mutation in cases of brain stem subependymoma. Hum Pathol. 84:262-9, 2019
- Moinuddin FM et al: Bilateral lateral ventricular subependymoma with extensive multiplicity presenting with hemorrhage. Neuroradiol J. 31(1):27-31, 2018
- Muly S et al: MRI of intracranial intraventricular lesions. Clin Imaging. 52:226-39, 2018
- Varma A et al: Surgical management and long-term outcome of intracranial subependymoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 160(9):1793-9, 2018
- Leeper H et al: Recent advances in the classification and treatment of ependymomas. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 18(9):55, 2017
- Nguyen HS et al: Intracranial subependymoma: a SEER analysis 2004-2013. World Neurosurg. 101:599-605, 2017
- Ueda F et al: MR spectroscopy to distinguish between supratentorial intraventricular subependymoma and central neurocytoma. Magn Reson Med Sci. 16(3):223-30 2016
- Louis DN et al: WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System: Subependymoma. Lyon: IARC Press. 102-3, 2016
- Zhou S et al: Neuroradiological features of cervical and cervicothoracic intraspinal subependymomas: a study of five cases. Clin Radiol. 71(5):499.e9-15, 2016
- Bi Z et al: Clinical, radiological, and pathological features in 43 cases of intracranial subependymoma. J Neurosurg. 122(1):49-60, 2015
- Arvanitis LD et al: A 40-year-old male with an intraventricular tumor. Combined tanycytic ependymoma and subependymoma. Brain Pathol. 23(3):359-60, 2013
- Hou Z et al: Clinical features and management of intracranial subependymomas in children. J Clin Neurosci. 20(1):84-8, 2013
- Iwasaki M et al: Thoracolumbar intramedullary subependymoma with multiple cystic formation: a case report and review. Eur Spine J. 22 Suppl 3:S317-20, 2013
- Smith AB et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: intraventricular neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 33(1):21-43, 2013
- Cunha AM et al: Cerebellopontine angle subependymoma without fourth ventricle extension: an uncommon tumor in a rare location. Neuropathology. 32(2):164-70, 2012
- Jain A et al: Subependymoma: clinical features and surgical outcomes. Neurol Res. 34(7):677-84, 2012
- Koral K et al: Subependymoma of the cerebellopontine angle and prepontine cistern in a 15-year-old adolescent boy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(1):190-1, 2008
- Romoli S et al: Unusual exophytic subependymoma in the bulbo-cerebellar angle. Case report. J Neurosurg Sci. 51(2):81-4, 2007
- Rushing EJ et al: Subependymoma revisited: clinicopathological evaluation of 83 cases. J Neurooncol. 85(3):297-305, 2007
- Ragel BT et al: Subependymomas: an analysis of clinical and imaging features. Neurosurgery. 58(5):881-90; discussion 881-90, 2006
- Rath TJ et al: Massive symptomatic subependymoma of the lateral ventricles: case report and review of the literature. Neuroradiology. 47(3):183-8, 2005
- Shuangshoti S et al: Supratentorial extraventricular ependymal neoplasms: a clinicopathologic study of 32 patients. Cancer. 103(12):2598-605, 2005
- Kim HC et al: Subependymoma in the third ventricle in a child. Clin Imaging. 28(5):381-4, 2004
- Im SH et al: Clinicopathological study of seven cases of symptomatic supratentorial subependymoma. J Neurooncol. 61(1):57-67, 2003
- Seol HJ et al: A case of recurrent subependymoma with subependymal seeding: case report. J Neurooncol. 62(3):315-20, 2003
- Burger PC et al: Surgical pathology of the nervous system and its coverings: The Brain: Tumors. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone. 250-4, 2002
- Ironside JW et al: Diagnostic pathology of nervous system tumours: Ependymal and choroid plexus tumors. 1st ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. 145-83, 2002
- Nishio S et al: Tumours around the foramen of Monro: clinical and neuroimaging features and their differential diagnosis. J Clin Neurosci. 9(2):137-41, 2002
- Fontenele GI et al: Symptomatic child case of subependymoma in the fourth ventricle without hydrocephalus. Radiat Med. 19(1):37-42, 2001
- Wiestler OD et al: Pathology and genetics of tumours of the nervous system: Subependymoma. Lyon: IARC Press. 80-1, 2000
- Maiuri F et al: Symptomatic subependymomas of the lateral ventricles. Report of eight cases. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 99(1):17-22, 1997
- Mineura K et al: Subependymoma of the septum pellucidum: characterization by PET. J Neurooncol. 32(2):143-7, 1997
- Jallo GI et al: Intramedullary subependymoma of the spinal cord. Neurosurgery. 38(2):251-7, 1996
- Chiechi MV et al: Intracranial subependymomas: CT and MR imaging features in 24 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165(5):1245-50, 1995
- Furie DM et al: Supratentorial ependymomas and subependymomas: CT and MR appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 19(4):518-26, 1995
- Hoeffel C et al: MR manifestations of subependymomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 16(10):2121-9, 1995
- Silverstein JE et al: MRI of intracranial subependymomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 19(2):264-7, 1995
- Iqbal Z et al: Subependymoma of the lateral ventricle: case report and literature review. Br J Neurosurg. 8(1):83-5, 1994
- Ryken TC et al: Familial occurrence of subependymoma. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 80(6):1108-11, 1994
- Lindboe CF et al: Hemorrhage in a highly vascularized subependymoma of the septum pellucidum: case report. Neurosurgery. 31(4):741-5, 1992
- Spoto GP et al: Intracranial ependymoma and subependymoma: MR manifestations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 11(1):83-91, 1990
