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KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Submandibular gland (SMG) sialadenitis
Definitions
- SMG sialadenitis: SMG inflammation ± submandibular (SM) duct calculus or stenosis
- Acute sialadenitis (AS): Acute SMG inflammation; SM > > parotid involvement
- Most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus
- Others include Streptococcus viridans, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli
- Most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus
- Chronic sialadenitis (CS): Chronic SMG inflammation
- Associated with conditions linked to ↓ salivary flow, including calculi and salivary stasis
- Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (CSS), Kuttner tumor
- Tumor-like condition of salivary glands, SM > parotid involvement
- Periductal sclerosis, lymphocytic infiltration, reduction of secretory gland parenchyma, fibrosis, associated sialolithiasis (30-83%)
- Secondary SMG sialadenitis: SMG inflammation resulting from ductal obstruction from anterior floor of mouth (FOM) squamous cell carcinoma
- Swollen SMG often mistaken for malignant node
- Sialolithiasis: Formation and deposition of concretions within SMG ductal system
- Secondary to salivary stagnation, precipitation of calcium salts ± epithelial injury along duct leading to sialolith formation (nidus for stone formation)
- Autoimmune sialadenitis: Sialadenitis associated with autoimmune diseases
- Autoimmune diseases (e.g., Sjögren syndrome) associated with salivary gland enlargement, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and xerostomia (dry mouth)
- Sialadenosis: Nonneoplastic noninflammatory swelling with acinar hypertrophy ± ductal atrophy
- Can be inflammatory, autoimmune, drug induced, endocrine, or metabolic
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Orlandi MA et al: Ultrasound in sialadenitis. J Ultrasound. 16(1):3-9, 2013
- Harnsberger HR et al: Diagnostic Imaging: Head & Neck. 1st ed. Salt Lake City: Amirsys. III-4-22-25, 2004
- Terraz S et al: How reliable is sonography in the assessment of sialolithiasis? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201(1):W104-9, 2013
- Ahuja AT et al: Kuttner tumour (chronic sclerosing sialadenitis) of the submandibular gland: sonographic appearances. Ultrasound Med Biol. 29(7):913-9, 2003
- Kalinowski M et al: Comparative study of MR sialography and digital subtraction sialography for benign salivary gland disorders. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 23(9):1485-92, 2002
- Ching AS et al: Comparison of the sonographic features of acalculous and calculous submandibular sialadenitis. J Clin Ultrasound. 29(6):332-8, 2001
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References
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Submandibular gland (SMG) sialadenitis
Definitions
- SMG sialadenitis: SMG inflammation ± submandibular (SM) duct calculus or stenosis
- Acute sialadenitis (AS): Acute SMG inflammation; SM > > parotid involvement
- Most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus
- Others include Streptococcus viridans, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli
- Most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus
- Chronic sialadenitis (CS): Chronic SMG inflammation
- Associated with conditions linked to ↓ salivary flow, including calculi and salivary stasis
- Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (CSS), Kuttner tumor
- Tumor-like condition of salivary glands, SM > parotid involvement
- Periductal sclerosis, lymphocytic infiltration, reduction of secretory gland parenchyma, fibrosis, associated sialolithiasis (30-83%)
- Secondary SMG sialadenitis: SMG inflammation resulting from ductal obstruction from anterior floor of mouth (FOM) squamous cell carcinoma
- Swollen SMG often mistaken for malignant node
- Sialolithiasis: Formation and deposition of concretions within SMG ductal system
- Secondary to salivary stagnation, precipitation of calcium salts ± epithelial injury along duct leading to sialolith formation (nidus for stone formation)
- Autoimmune sialadenitis: Sialadenitis associated with autoimmune diseases
- Autoimmune diseases (e.g., Sjögren syndrome) associated with salivary gland enlargement, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and xerostomia (dry mouth)
- Sialadenosis: Nonneoplastic noninflammatory swelling with acinar hypertrophy ± ductal atrophy
- Can be inflammatory, autoimmune, drug induced, endocrine, or metabolic
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Orlandi MA et al: Ultrasound in sialadenitis. J Ultrasound. 16(1):3-9, 2013
- Harnsberger HR et al: Diagnostic Imaging: Head & Neck. 1st ed. Salt Lake City: Amirsys. III-4-22-25, 2004
- Terraz S et al: How reliable is sonography in the assessment of sialolithiasis? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201(1):W104-9, 2013
- Ahuja AT et al: Kuttner tumour (chronic sclerosing sialadenitis) of the submandibular gland: sonographic appearances. Ultrasound Med Biol. 29(7):913-9, 2003
- Kalinowski M et al: Comparative study of MR sialography and digital subtraction sialography for benign salivary gland disorders. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 23(9):1485-92, 2002
- Ching AS et al: Comparison of the sonographic features of acalculous and calculous submandibular sialadenitis. J Clin Ultrasound. 29(6):332-8, 2001
