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Ultrasound
Diagnosis
Musculoskeletal
Articular and Paraarticular Masses
Synovial Tumor
Synovial Tumor
James F. Griffith, MD, MRCP, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      TERMINOLOGY

      • Fibrohistiocytic Synovial Tumors

        • Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT)
          • Diffuse and localized forms of fibrohistiocytic tumors
        • Formerly called
          • Pigmented villonodular synovitis if diffuse and intraarticular
          • Focal nodular synovitis if localized and intraarticular
          • Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath if arising from tendon sheath

      • Other Synovial Tumors

        • Synovial osteochondromatosis: Synovial metaplasia characterized by cartilaginous loose bodies that later ossify
        • Less common synovial tumors
          • Lipoma arborescens, synovial hemangioma, synovial lipoma, synovial fibroma, synovial chondrosarcoma, synovial infiltration (e.g., lymphoma)
            • Synovial sarcoma is misnomer since not derived from true synovial cells

      IMAGING

      • General Features

        • Radiographic Findings

          • MR Findings

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • Imaging Recommendations

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                      • Microscopic Features

                        CLINICAL ISSUES

                        • Presentation

                          • Demographics

                            • Natural History & Prognosis

                              • Treatment

                                DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                • Consider

                                  • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                    Selected References

                                    1. Sitt JC et al: Ultrasound-guided synovial Tru-cut biopsy: indications, technique, and outcome in 111 cases. Eur Radiol. 27(5):2002-2010, 2017
                                    2. Sitt JC et al: Ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy. Br J Radiol. 89(1057):20150363, 2016
                                    Related Anatomy
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                                    Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                    References
                                    Tables

                                    Tables

                                    KEY FACTS

                                    • Terminology

                                      • Imaging

                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                        • Fibrohistiocytic Synovial Tumors

                                          • Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT)
                                            • Diffuse and localized forms of fibrohistiocytic tumors
                                          • Formerly called
                                            • Pigmented villonodular synovitis if diffuse and intraarticular
                                            • Focal nodular synovitis if localized and intraarticular
                                            • Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath if arising from tendon sheath

                                        • Other Synovial Tumors

                                          • Synovial osteochondromatosis: Synovial metaplasia characterized by cartilaginous loose bodies that later ossify
                                          • Less common synovial tumors
                                            • Lipoma arborescens, synovial hemangioma, synovial lipoma, synovial fibroma, synovial chondrosarcoma, synovial infiltration (e.g., lymphoma)
                                              • Synovial sarcoma is misnomer since not derived from true synovial cells

                                        IMAGING

                                        • General Features

                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                            • MR Findings

                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                • Imaging Recommendations

                                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                    PATHOLOGY

                                                    • General Features

                                                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                        • Microscopic Features

                                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                          • Presentation

                                                            • Demographics

                                                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                • Treatment

                                                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                  • Consider

                                                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                      Selected References

                                                                      1. Sitt JC et al: Ultrasound-guided synovial Tru-cut biopsy: indications, technique, and outcome in 111 cases. Eur Radiol. 27(5):2002-2010, 2017
                                                                      2. Sitt JC et al: Ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy. Br J Radiol. 89(1057):20150363, 2016